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Flexural Behavior of Hollow Composite Beams with Different Voids Ratio Under Monotonic Load
No full textThis research aims to study the flexural behavior of hollow composite beams with simple supports, consisting of a concrete slab connected to an I-beam steel beam, held together by shear connectors. The experimental work involved casting eight specimens, divided into four groups based on void ratio used: 9%, 18%, and 27%. Shear connectors in the form of steel studs were used in different numbers. Composite beams were tested under monotonic loading, using two void-free composite beams as reference specimens. The results showed that the use of voids reduced the ultimate load to failure of the beams by 8.4, 19.7, and 34.9%, respectively. The use of 13 pairs of steel nails instead of 6 pairs in the hollow composite beams increased the ultimate load by 2.7%. The failure mode for all specimens was flexural failure
Use of Multistep Methods for Solving ODEs
No full textOrdinary differential equations (ODEs) are used to model dynamic systems in many different fields of science and engineering. However, traditional multistep approaches like Adams–Bashforth and Adams–Moulton can fail when stiffness, nonlinearity, or great dimensionality. This research offers a framework that combines hybrid predictor–corrector methods with adaptive step sizing to increase accuracy and speed. We give Thorough stability and error analyses—including absolute stability regions and—are carried out using comparative benchmarks on representative standard test problems against conventional one-step and spectral solvers. Convergence characteristics. Applications range from stiff chemical kinetics, epidemic dynamics, climate inspired models, and nonlinear oscillators, therefore showing robustness under different situations. Numerical experiments show faster convergence, improved stability at larger time steps, and lower computational cost—reductions up to 40%—relative to standard approaches. The framework scales to contemporary large simulations, making hybrid multistep strategies an alternative to common solvers. We conclude with directions for further gains, including coupling machine learning with multistep integrators to drive dynamic step-size selection and predict error, stiffness, and stability margins. Overall, the results point to a practical, innovative path for advancing ODE solvers in sophisticated scientific computing where reliability, speed, and scalability are critical
A Biochemical Analysis for Glucose homeostasis regulated by certain hormones
No full text The aim of this study was performed to compare ghrelin and GLP-1 levels in individuals with normal blood sugar levels. This study was performed to compare ghrelin and Glucagon like peptide -1 (GLP-1) levels in individuals with normal blood sugar levels. Participants and methods: The study included a total of 200 individuals, with 58% of being male. The mean age of the participants was 37.2 ±4.2 years. BMI mean was 31.9 ±4.4 kg/m². The subjects were tested in a condition of fasting, as well as 30 and 60 minutes after ingesting a standard liquid meal. Throughout this testing, we evaluated the concentrations of ghrelin and GLP-1. Results: Patients exhibited the most unfavorable metabolic profile, defined by higher levels of glucose. It was noted that the levels GLP-1 and insulin exhibited a similar increase in all groups after consuming a standard meal, regardless of whether the participants were fasting or had eaten 30- or 60-minutes prior. Glucose levels exhibited a rise in all groups following the consumption of food. However, the rise was significantly more pronounced in the DOB group as compared to the NOB as well as CON groups at the 30 and 60-minute marks after the meal (p < 0.00). Conclusion: It has been concluded that GLP-1 and ghrelin levels in individuals with different levels of glucose tolerance had similar responses after consuming a typical liquid meal
Assess Uranium Concentration levels in blood samples of Iraqi personnel at The Tuwaitha nuclear site: Lina S.Al-Jameel
No full textExposure to uranium within occupational settings or surrounding environments has the potential to cause cellular damage and elevate the risk of carcinogenesis. This study aimed to assess the level of uranium toxicity in the blood and the possibility of health impact occurring on the personnel at The Tuwaitha site, which was previously utilized for nuclear activity and may contain a considerable amount of radioactive waste.Personnel at this facility are at risk of pollution due to the highly polluted environment of uranium. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPPS software application .Thirty-six blood samples were taken from personnel at The Tuwaitha site, categorized in to two distinct cohorts: 8 personnel lacking protective measures and 28 personnel utilizing protective equipment, along- side 30 control subjects who had no prior occupational exposure to The Tuwaitha nuclear facility .The CR-39 track detector has been utilized to evaluate the concentration of uranium in blood samples by depositing a droplet of blood on the detectors ,followed irradiation of CR-39 detectors with a neutron source .The findings showed elevated uranium concentrations in personnel lacking protective measures compared to those with protective measures and the control .Furthermore, the results demonstrated a significant correlation between uranium concentrations and the duration of employment. Uranium concentration was found higher in blood samples in personnel than individuals who had never worked at Tuwaitha site, also there is a relation between uranium concentrations and the duration of employment . the study suggest that personnel wear a hazmat suit and also taking oral antioxidants to protect from radiation
pdf Nestatin-1 Level as Potential Parameters in T2DM with and Without Osteoporosis: Dr. Walaa Jubair Sabbar, Afrah Hashim and Noor Ghassan Elias
No full textIn osteoporosis (OP) disease, the strength of bones is decreased, and it is mostly correlated with the loss of bone tissues and destruction of bone micro structure, making the patients highly vulnerable to bone fracture and markedly decreases their life quality. This study aimed to assess the nestatin-1 level and other biochemical parameters in Iraqi t2dm with and without osteoporosis. This study includes 90 volunteers; their information and history were divided to three groups with T2D with osteoporosis and without osteoporosis and control was taken by questionnaire. A highly significant elevation in the levels of FBS, HbA1C, TC, TG, LDL-C and vitamin D3 was found among study groups (T2D with osteoporosis, T2D without osteoporosis and controls), while HDL-C was highly significantly decreased among study groups (T2D with osteoporosis, T2D without osteoporosis and control).Also we have shown that there was a significant increase of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphates among study groups (T2D with osteoporosis, T2D without osteoporosis and control). A highly significant decreased ofNestatin-1 level among study groups (T2D with osteoporosis, T2D without osteoporosis and the controls). It can be concluded that decreased Nestatin-1 level among T2DM with and without osteoporosis when compared with the controls may be a storing cause to insulin resistance in T2DM patients and may be considered as a biomarker for prediction of osteoporosis risks and as a therapeutic target for osteoporosis treatment.
pdf Percentage of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Primary School of Girls at Al-Najaf Govern in Iraq: Dr. Alaa Kamal Hussein, Mustafa Jawad Talib, Basim Hadi Sahib and Alaa Jumaah Manji Nasrawi
No full textUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common, potentially serious infection, especially in young children. UTIs occur in approximately 3-5% of girls and 1% of boys during childhood. Most of the UTIs in boys happen in the first year of life, whereas the age of the first diagnosed UTI in girls is highly variable. To determine the percentage of asymptomatic bacteriuria among school-aged girls in Al-Najaf city.
This prospective study was conducted in AL – -Zahraa Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in AL-Najaf City. A total of 400 primary school-aged girls were chosen from outpatient care. Each girl was sent for GUE, urine culture, and blood group. The name, age, residency, and time of toilet training were collected for each girl enrolled in this study. The SPSS program, version 19th, was performed using the T-test & chi-square.
This study included 400 school-aged girls in AL Najaf city, and the urine culture was positive (3%). The result of pyuria among them was (25%). From ( 72.25% ) of girls in the first age group category (6-9) years, 3.1% positive urine culture and 2.25 % of the total number in this study and the second age group revealed that ( 27.75 %) of girls in (10-12) years category was 2.7% positive urine culture and 0.75 % from the total number. From (59.25%) of girls, the first group (urban area) had 2.1% positive urine culture and 1.25 % of the total number, and the second group revealed that among (40.75%) of girls from rural areas, 4.3% positive urine culture and 2.75% from the total number. Among (54%) of girls of early age toilet training (2-3) years 4.9%positive urine culture and 2.5% of the total number in this study, and the second group revealed that among (46%) of girls in late age group of toilet training (>3)year category was 1.1% positive urine culture and0.5% from total number. The results of positive urine culture showed that E-coli was found in(75%) of positive urine cultures, Klebsiella was found in (16.6%), and Proteus in (8.33%).
The study concluded that asymptomatic bacteriuria was 3% between 6 and 9 years, and E. coli was considered the most common microorganism causing positive urine culture.
The Impact of Bacterial Infection on Renal and Metabolic Biochemical Parameters in Thyroid Cancer Patients: Anwar M. Lazm and Alaa Saadi Abbood
No full textThis study examines the biochemical changes—specifically, serum urea, creatinine, and fasting blood sugar levels—in thyroid cancer patients who have contracted bacterial infections. We observed substantial increases in serum urea (p = 0.03), creatinine (p = 0.02), and fasting blood sugar (p < 0.001) in infected patients using a case-control design that included 50 thyroid cancer patients and 50 healthy controls. These results suggest that bacterial infections are associated with a risk of renal and metabolic dysfunction. Nevertheless, there were no substantial alterations in liver function indicators. The significance of monitoring renal and metabolic health in thyroid cancer patients with concurrent bacterial infections is underscored by these finding
pdf Review Article Biochemical Impact of Trace Elements on Metabolism: Rana Kareem Mohammed and Salah Mohammed Fezea
No full textNumerous trace elements, notably metals, are essential for the normal functioning of several biological reactions, especially as enzyme cofactors. Several Trace elements refer to essential micronutrients required in minimal quantities for certain biological functions pertaining to human metabolism, albeit their minimal concentrations in the organism. Nonetheless, our understanding of this topic is considerably restricted, and emerging insights into their metabolic functions necessitate contributions and have implications across various domains, encompassing nutritional chemistry, with a focus on analytical chemistry, biological sciences, medicine, pharmacology, and agricultural sciences.
Design Techniques and Their Marketing Effectiveness in Commercial Interior Spaces
No full text تعد الفضاءات التجارية عنصرا اساساً في العملية التسويقية التي تكون مصممة خصيصا لتسهيل العملية التسويقية للمتسوقين من خلال امكانية التفاعل معها, حيث يجب ان تكون تلك القاعات خاضعة لمعايير واسس تصميمية لتحقق وظيفتها و فاعليتها, عبر معرفة احتياجات المتسوقين وتوفير التجهيزات جميعها وكذلك التقنيات اللازمة لتعزيز هذه العملية. فالعملية التصميمية تحاول على وفق مجرياتها الفكرية والتنفيذية ان تعمل على معرفة التقنيات الحديثة و ما يمكن ان تحدثه من دعم و تطوير للعملية التسويقية. ومما تقدم يمكن تلخيص مشكلة البحث بالتساؤل الآتي :هل للتقنيات التصميمية الحديثة دور في تعزيز التسويق في الفضاءات الداخلية لمعارض الاثاث ؟ في حين يتجسد هدف الدراسة البحثية من خلال الكشف عن دور تقنيات العرض الحديثة على تعزيز التسويق وجذب المتسوق في معارض الاثاث, والمتمثلة بـ ( معارض الاثاث التجارية ) في العراق – بغداد – الرصافة. بينما تضمن المبحث الثاني الاطار النظري التسويق, واسس تصميم الفضاءات الداخلية التجارية، فضلا عن تقنيات العرض الحديثة و علاقتها في التصميم الداخلي . اما اجراءات البحث فقد اعتمدت المنهج الوصفي لتحليل نماذج البحث, بينما اعتمد مجتمع البحث على الاسلوب الانتقائي القصدي حيث تم تحديد العينة القصدية بنسبة 50 % من مجتمع البحث, بينما كانت اداة البحث المســـتخدمة هي استــمارة التحليل. تضمن المبحث الرابع نتائج البحث والذي تضمن عرض النتائج و مناقشتها, و من اهم النتائج هي: اضهرت النتائج المتحققة ان تحقيق الجذب البصري في التصميم و الذي له دور في في تعزيز فاعلية التسويق في الفضاءات التجارية قد تحققت نسبيا بواسطه طريقة عرض المنتج في النموذج الاول والثاني والثالث.Commercial spaces are considered a fundamental element in the marketing process, as they are specifically designed to facilitate the shopper’s experience through the possibility of interaction with them. Such halls must comply with design principles and standards in order to achieve their function and effectiveness, by understanding the needs of shoppers and providing all necessary equipment as well as the technologies required to enhance this process. The design process, both conceptually and practically, seeks to identify modern technologies and the extent to which they can support and develop the marketing process. From the above, the research problem can be summarized in the following question: Do modern design techniques play a role in enhancing marketing within the interior spaces of furniture showrooms? The aim of this study is to reveal the role of modern display techniques in enhancing marketing and attracting shoppers in furniture showrooms, specifically in the commercial furniture exhibitions located in Iraq – Baghdad – Rusafa. The second chapter included the theoretical framework on marketing, the principles of designing commercial interior spaces, as well as modern display techniques and their relation to interior design. As for the research procedures, the descriptive method was adopted to analyze the study models, while the research community was defined through a purposive sampling method, with a sample representing 50% of the research community. The research tool used was an analysis form. The fourth chapter presented the research findings and their discussion. Among the most important results: the findings showed that achieving visual attraction in design—which plays a role in enhancing the effectiveness of marketing in commercial spaces—was relatively achieved through the method of product display in the first, second, and third models
البناء التطبيقي للاجراءات الجزائية في جريمة القتل العمد (دراسة عملية لواقع المحاكم الافتراضية في العراق)
No full textيتناول البحث الاجراءات التي يفترض اتباعها عند وقوع جريمة القتل وتطبيقها على المحاكم الافتراضية في العراق، بحيث يمثل هذا البحث هندسة اجرائية لمنظومة الروابط الاجرائية التي تنشأ منذ وقوع الجريمة وشروع جهاز الشرطة بالتحقيق الابتدائي والصلاحيات التي يملكها هذا الجهاز عند التحقيق وفق مسار اجرائي ترسمه القواعد الاجرائية الجزائية الخاص بالتحقيق الابتدائي الذي تقوم به محاكم التحقيق ايضا وصولاً الى التحقيق القضائي عند استمرار المسار الاجرائي للتحقيق في الاحالة, وبعده اصدار الحكم القضائي المناسب على المتهم, ثم الطعن بهذا الحكم عند التشكيك به من قبل الخصوم او الادعاء العام, ويمثل هذا البحث مزج بين المسار الاجرائي الحقيقي للإجراءات الدعوى الجزائية من خلال ارفاق الوثائق والمستندات وصور الاجراءات التي تتخذ فعلا في اجهزة العدالة الجنائية, وبين الجانب الاكاديمي وهو بناء هذه المنظومة الاجرائية امام طلبة كليات القانون في المحاكم الافتراضية, وكذلك بين الجانب العلمي التشريعي وهو التقيد بالنصوص القانونية لهذا البناء التطبيقي وطرح اراء الفقهاء بغية تحقيق التكامل للأفكار المطروحة