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Why Black Studies Graduate Students Should Publish: The Four Imperatives
Full text linkLetter from the Chair of the Africology & African American Studies Department, Temple Universit
Flaws and Strengths of International Mediation: United Nations Peacekeeping in the Republic of Kosovo
No full textThe United Nations (UN) is the representative body of the international community. The UN is one of the first responders to interstate and intrastate conflicts. UN Peacekeeping utilizes diplomatic and military tactics to resolve or mitigate disputes. Peacekeeping methods that include persuasion, coercion, and inducement evolve with stages of conflict. Ethnically mobilized conflicts differ from traditional interstate disputes and require more extensive responses focusing on localized state-building. Using the Republic of Kosovo as a case study, the paper explores the history of ethnic strife between Kosovo-Serbs and Kosovo-Albanians. The UN mission in Kosovo displays flaws and strengths within peacekeeping, including institution-building and policing efforts. As the paper concludes, implementing the UN mission in Kosovo deterred significant violence, but reports of heightened tension in 2023 make for renewed concern
The Success of Treatment for Osteoarthritis with a Genicular Nerve Block is Associated with Patients’ Body Mass Index: Treatment for Osteoarthritis with a Genicular Nerve Block
No full textBackground: While the mainstay of treatment for severe osteoarthritis of the knee has been total knee arthroplasty, a prognostic genicular nerve block (GNB) followed by cooled radiofrequency ablation (CRFA) has been shown to provide long term relief of osteoarthritic knee pain and its disability. The goal of this study is to determine if there is a difference in the demographic makeup of those who had a successful prognostic genicular nerve block compared to those who did not.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of 224 genicular nerve blocks was completed. The nerve block was considered successful if the patient reported a 50% or greater pain reduction for a week or more at follow up. Demographic cohorts that were compared include sex, age, race, and BMI.
Results: Those who were categorized as non-obese, 36 out of 69 (52.2%) had unsuccessful blocks while 33 out of 69 (47.8%) in this BMI category had successful blocks. Of those who were categorized as obese, 25 out of 75 (33.3%) had unsuccessful blocks while 50 out of 75 (66.7%) in this BMI category had successful blocks. Of those who were deemed morbidly obese, 22 out of 75 (29.3%) had unsuccessful blocks while 53 out of 75 (70.7%) in this BMI category had successful blocks. These results were found to be statistically significant with a p-value of .011. Furthermore, GNB success was not found to be significantly impacted by patient age, race, or gender.
Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the utility of prognostic genicular nerve blocks in all patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, but, in particular, the obese patient, who experiences a greater chance of pain relief on average
"The Third Reich’s Elite Schools: A History of the Napolas" by Helen Roche, reviewed by Andrew Santora
No full textA review of Helen Roche\u27s 2022 publication, The Third Reich\u27s Elite Schools: A History of the Napolas, completed by PhD candidate Andrew Santora
Fast Fashion in the Age of Social Media and the Role of Retailers
No full textFast fashion has become popular among Western consumers since the turn of the century. With the invention of social media, these two industries have become integrated through consumer interest and retailer intervention through sponsorship. This study seeks to better understand current consumer perceptions of fast fashion retail practices to explore causes of the perpetuated unethical practices in the industry. Consumer perceptions are evaluated through an online ethnographic study of TikTok to understand Western consumer perceptions and consumption of items made by laborers in the Global South. This data is supplemented by quantitative data regarding transparency of practices within the fashion industry. This study aims to contextualize the role of retailers in the exploitative relationship between consumers and producers and highlight the lack of transparency in fast fashion retail practices
Retrospective: "The All Roads Lead to Gettysburg" Conference
No full textA look back at the successful "All Roads Lead to Gettysburg Conference" hosted by CENFAD on April 6, 2024
The Curse of a Colonial Institution, not Resources: Colonialism and Kleptocracy in the Congo
No full textThe Democratic Republic of Congo’s (DRC) immense natural resource wealth and stunted economic growth and poverty cause many to deem it “resource cursed” – a theory used to describe states with abundant natural resources and negative development outcomes. This theory is said to materialize through several mechanisms, but its presentation is widely understood to be conditionally reliant on the strength of institutions, and further critiques point to an insufficient consideration of history. So, what else might explain the DRC’s development shortcomings? This paper contends that if the resource curse is conditional on institutions, then the institution itself is the curse, not the resources. Critiques of institutional conditionality and historical understatement are blended to argue that institutions traceable to the colonial era are the primary cause of poor development outcomes in the DRC. A qualitative historical analysis tracing the Congo’s institutional history reveals that the extractive institution was established in the colonial period and perpetuated by subsequent domestic political leaders and foreign influence in the form of neo-colonialism. These factors, not natural resource abundance, are found to be the root cause of the negative development outcomes experienced by the DRC. Understanding the crucial role of institutions in the DRC\u27s development encourages greater attention to their role elsewhere and could help shape how scholars and policy-makers approach development globally
Nuclear Volatility in South Asia
No full textSouth Asia\u27s nuclear powers, India and Pakistan, have a longstanding rivalry, particularly over Kashmir. This paper examines how their recent domestic political developments impact their foreign policy choices and contribute to the risk of nuclear conflict. India\u27s rise in far-right nationalism under Modi and Pakistan\u27s deep-seated military influence are analyzed through relevant frameworks of nuclear proliferation and conflict. The paper argues that Modi\u27s "Akhand Bharat" vision and Pakistan\u27s proxy war strategy fueled by groups like Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed challenge classical deterrence theory. The stability-instability paradox plays out through Pakistan\u27s asymmetric warfare and India\u27s conventional responses. With Modi showing an inclination for forceful reactions, the risk of escalation towards nuclear brinkmanship intensifies. The paper concludes by highlighting the urgent need for de-escalation measures and dialogue to avert a catastrophic nuclear incident in South Asia