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A Public Space for Muslim Women: The Hammams
No full textThis paper examines the role that hammams have played in giving women a public sphere within male-dominated societies. It synthesizes three relevant academic articles that have conducted research on this topic. First, “The women\u27s quarters in the historical hammam, Gender, Place & Culture” by Aksit Elif Ekin analyses hammams impact on women by focusing on urban planning and the physical placement of the hammams within the city of Ankara, Turkey. Second, “Communication and the social production of space: the hammam, the public sphere and Moroccan women” by Said Graiouid discusses both the trip to the hammam as well as what takes place inside of it. Lastly "Ritual, Strategy, or Convention: Social Meanings in the Traditional Women\u27s Baths in Morocco” by Valeria Staats gives extensive details on the activities inside of the hammams based on her personal observations. Upon a review of the literature, I found that despite the negative aspects that may arise from attending hammams, they provide women with a space where they can celebrate their femininity, perform their religious activities, and discuss their lives as well as current events that make them active members of their community
The Kurds in Turkey and Prospects for Peace
No full textThis research paper focuses on the history of Kurds in Turkey and their contemporary challenges. Utilizing a variety of scholarly sources, news sources, and primary sources, this paper aims to explain why and how Turkish Kurds came to be in their current position. This research paper also emphasizes the issue of statelessness and attempts to distinguish between de facto statelessness and de jure statelessness. By examining Turkey’s history of brutal oppression against its Kurdish population, this paper seeks out the possibilities for peace and reconciliation between Ankara and Turkish Kurds. Attention is also given to the current conflict between Turkey and the PKK, in addition to the possibility of Turkish accession into the European Union
Determining the Most Accurate and Early Form for Detection of Lyme Disease
No full textLyme disease is the most common vector-based disease with over 300,000 new cases each year. The current diagnostic system for those with Early Lyme disease is only about 40% accurate. Since the severity of symptoms and probability of recurrence significantly increases as time progresses, there is a need to find a new alternative diagnostic system for Early Lyme disease. Many solutions to this problem are considered within this document, most notably: polymerase chain reaction detection, metabolic biosignature testing, and OspC targeting serological testing. After further analysis, metabolic biosignature testing is considered the best alternative since it yields the highest diagnosis sensitivity with around 89% accuracy. Additionally, metabolic biosignature testing is both cost effective and widely applicable since it does not require the Erythema migran rash to be used. Once in place, Lyme disease will be able to be diagnosed quicker, thus reducing the number of cases of Chronic Lyme disease which significantly reduces personal quality of life and is often costly. Keywords: Early Lyme disease, Metabolic Biosignature, Serological testing, Borrelia burgdorferi, Diagnostic Standards, Polymerase Chain Reactio
For the Sake of the State
No full textIncreasing attention has recently been drawn to the activity of the Chinese government towards ethnic minorities in China’s northwestern Xinjiang region, but there is still a substantial lack of information on the discrimination. However, what is clear from analyzing a dozen articles and reports coming out of Xinjiang is that the Chinese government has been increasing surveillance and detainment of suspected separatists. An increase in the number of attacks identified as acts of terrorism has heightened security concerns in Xinjiang. According to the government, the crackdown is an attempt at extinguishing sentiment that could lead to terrorism and violence by extremists. But the construction of internment facilities and the use of political and cultural indoctrination techniques suggest that the government’s intent is not that simple, nor is it without problems. Those detained by the government are disproportionately ethnically Uighur, a Muslim minority in China. These detainees are arrested without trials, kept in re-education facilities, and are forced by government officials to renounce their own culture while applauding the cultural ideals of the ethnically dominant Han. These facilities seem to be aimed at erasing the identity of the culturally divergent Uighur ethnicity to create a cultural homogeneity in Xinjiang. According to this method, this homogeneity will create public and national security, but it does so at the expense of individual liberty and human security
Analysis of U.S. Cannabis Industry, Legislation, and the Impact on Marginalized Populations
No full textThis essay analyzes the intersection between the United States quasi-legal cannabis industry and marginalized populations with a particular focus on state legislation and how certain policies have either restricted access to the cannabis industry via dominant narratives or have encouraged entry into the cannabis industry via equity programs. I argue that these latter policies can be considered counternarratives and, in doing so, become legitimated forms of master narratives within certain communities.
In addition, I argue that due to the long-lasting, detrimental racial consequences from the “war on drugs”, individuals who were once targeted are now being socially stigmatized with a master status and face challenges in making the transition out of a formerly viewed “deviant career” and into the legalized cannabis industry. In this essay, I will analyze the legal and policy discourses of recreational marijuana. First, I will observe the racial influences and consequences of policy discourses. Second, I will examine California permits and licenses for cannabis businesses and in what ways their equity programs have achieved success and have failed. This essay seeks to examine not only how initial cannabis policies delimits business ventures amongst marginalized populations, but also to illuminate the racialized interactions between policies and minority populations.
Recreational cannabis has slowly but steadily been legalized across America. The legalization process brings about a new growing cannabis industry, which in turn brings in much needed revenue. Currently, cannabis’ federal status remains under Schedule I categorization, but as states continue to pass legislation for both medical and recreational marijuana the rising industry in California is expected to become the largest recreational market in the US (Weed, 2018, para. 10). The purpose of this paper is to examine how marginalized populations (i.e., black and Latino communities) have been impacted by state policies that have restricted access to the cannabis industry. Due to the long-lasting impact that the “war on drugs” had on marginalized populations, individuals in these communities who have been targeted are stigmatized with an identificatory master status and struggle with transitioning out of previously perceived “deviant career” into the legalized cannabis industry (Becker, 1963).
Dominant narratives surrounding the cannabis industry are focused on barring certain groups (i.e., formerly incarcerated cannabis felons/convicts, predominantly people of color) entry to the industry and maintaining the privileges of the dominant group. More recently, there has been a new focus on the negative impact that the “war on drugs” had on marginalized populations and how the rise of equity programs has provided valuable resources and opportunities for communities of color to gain access to the profitable industry. These new narratives of inclusion can be categorized as forms of counternarratives and help explain the recent pushback on dominant narratives in the cannabis industry.
In this essay, I will critically analyze the legal discourse of recreational marijuana. First, I will observe the racial influences and consequences of new policy discussions. Second, I will examine California permits and licenses issued for cannabis businesses in relationship to equity programs with varying success. Overall, this essay seeks to examine not only how initial cannabis policies restricts business ventures amongst marginalized populations, but also to shed light on the racialized discourse between policies and “deviant” minorities
The Accidental Talking Head: Working with the Media During a Pandemic
Get PDFMost doctoral programs do not train you to work with the media, though local and national media are the venue through which most timely information is shared with the public. This narrative offers advice on how to prepare yourself for media interviews, shares some best practices, and aims to demystify the process of audio, video, and print media contributions by public health professionals. 
