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Short Essay: "The Stable Republic of Brazil," by Dr. Philip Evanson
No full textShort essay authored by Dr. Philip Evanson, Associate Professor Emeritus of History at Temple University (1967-2005), concerning post-COVID-19 economic policies and political circumstances in Brazil under the presidential administration of Jair Bolsonaro as of late February 2022
Operating Bias?: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Surgical Specialties: Racial disparities in Surgery
No full textHealth care disparities are defined as differences in quality and rates of health, health care, morbidity, and mortality among patients of varying racial or ethnic groups. Racial and ethnic disparities are unfortunately pervasive in the surgical literature and among surgical specialties. They may result from any combination of patient, societal, system, and provider-related factors. Disparities exist in relation to health care access, treatments, and post-operative outcomes. Potential ways to better address and rectify racial and ethnic disparities are through continued research into causes of disparities, as well as establishment, implementation, and adherence to standardized, objective treatment guidelines. Significant and continued efforts are needed in order to develop better understanding of and potential solutions for reducing these disparities
Extreme Weather Preparedness for Institutions of Higher Education: Impacts and Lessons Learned to Inform Campus Health
No full textBACKGROUND: On September 1, 2021, a tornado touched down at Temple University’s Ambler, PA campus. The tornado, a byproduct of Hurricane Ida, damaged most of the buildings on the campus, destroyed thousands of academic resources and killed hundreds of irreplaceable trees, plants, and natural resources. The purpose of this study was to identify needs among the Ambler campus community, document the impact of the tornado, and capture student, faculty, and staff perceptions toward disaster preparedness, climate change, and lessons learned for future disaster preparedness.
METHODS: Data were collected in partnership with the Ambler campus community. A Rapid Needs Assessment, influenced by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) CASPER Assessment, was utilized. The needs assessment was comprised of a mixed-method approach via a site visit, an online survey, and in-depth interviews.
RESULTS: A total of 74 survey responses and 20 interviews were collected. Survey and interview respondents included students, faculty, and staff. Findings indicated that participants: felt unprepared for the tornado; experienced a variety of social, professional, mental, and physical impacts; and require additional training, education, and communication for future emergencies and natural disasters.
CONCLUSION: As climate change continues to impact weather patterns, institutions of higher education must prepare for more frequent, more severe, and unprecedented natural disasters. It is time to ensure that (1) campuses have transparent protocols in place for the full spectrum of possible weather events, and (2) that students, faculty, and staff receive comprehensive education, training, and communication about such weather-related events and potential negative outcomes
Nigerian Emigration to the United States: A Historical Analysis of Post-Colonial Nigeria
No full textNigerian immigrants are the largest African immigrant group[1]and the most educated among the Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean immigrant groups[2] in the United States. The complex and diverse Nigerian immigrant population in the United States is reflective of the socio-political history and present context of Nigeria. This paper investigates Nigerian migration studies through a historical analysis of Post-Colonial Nigeria through the understandings of social organization, colonial legacy, and migration as African autonomy. This comparative analysis explores the two time periods of Nigerian migration to the United States: the late colonial and early Independence period (1950s to 1970s) and the end of the late twentieth century and early twentieth century (1980s to 2010s). Nigerian migrants, and other West African migrants, have pursued economic and social mobility abroad since the early Independence period (1950s to 1970s). The socio-political context of Nigeria and individual ambitions of migrants are demonstrated in the changing scope and scale of migration patterns.This study aims to analyze the impacts of British colonialism, national development, and decolonization projects to analyze historical Nigerian migration. This study offers immense scholarly contribution to further uncover the story of Nigerian migration in the present context by utilizing immigrant population and remittance data
