ZEGU Journals Zimbabwe Ezekiel Guti University
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Dynamics of Rural Settlement Patterns Amid Environmental Change in Selected Zimbabwean Districts
No full textEnvironmental change profoundly impacts rural settlement patterns, livelihoods and socio-economic stability, particularly in vulnerable regions like Zimbabwe. This study employs a case study approach, focusing on Chimanimani, Lower Muzarabani and Binga districts, to systematically analyse the interplay between climate change, natural hazards and human activities in driving rural settlement dynamics. Using qualitative methods, including interviews, focus group discussions and policy analysis, the research investigates changes in settlement structures, adaptive strategies and the effectiveness of government policies. Key findings reveal the significant influence of natural hazards, such as Cyclone Idai in Chimanimani that displaced over 14 000 residents and created fragmented communities. In Lower Muzarabani, drought induced migration along riverbanks reflects adaptive but risky strategies tied to cyclical environmental pressures. In Binga, resettlement following the construction of the Kariba Dam emphasises the long-term challenges of displacement, including water scarcity and socio-economic disruptions. The discussion critically evaluates these findings, linking them to theoretical perspectives, such as the Human-Environment Interaction Theory, the Location Theory and the Push-Pull Theory. The study assesses the National Climate Policy and Zimbabwe National Human Settlements Policy, highlighting successes in infrastructure development but identifying gaps in addressing water scarcity and resilience. Recommendations include integrating indigenous knowledge with modern technologies, developing climate-smart villages, enhancing participatory land-use planning and implementing ecosystem-based adaptation strategies. This research advances understanding of rural settlement dynamics and proposes actionable solutions to support resilience and sustainable development in Zimbabwe’s rural communities
Rural Development through Carbon Credits: Reflections on the Alternative of Carbon Capture in Developing Countries
No full textThe development of communities through nature-based solutions to environmental challenges has been seen as instrumental in promoting rural livelihoods and sustainable development. The facets of development, that is, social economic, political and environmental, have been successful in an area endowed with natural resources, such as forests. However, environmental challenges, such as climate change, have threatened the facets of development through its many and varied challenges. In trying to mitigate the challenges of climate change, innovative measures of reducing and removing atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHG) and at the same time improving people’s livelihoods, such as carbon crediting, are gaining momentum, especially in developing countries. Rural communities can now develop through nature-based solutions and this has been viewed as a sustainable way of improving the community’s livelihoods and mitigating climate change. The central argument of this article is that rural areas can be developed through alternative forms of carbon capturing which provide stocks of reduced or removed atmospheric carbon. Stocks of carbon can be sold by individuals or the community on the carbon market. The study is based on qualitative research that relies more on secondary than primary data. Secondary data was obtained through an extensive review of literature, whilst informant interviews, using interview guides, were used to obtain primary data
Rural Responsible Tourism in Zimbabwe: Challenges, Options and Impacts
No full textThe article provides insights into rural responsible tourism (RRT), focusing mainly on challenges, options and impacts to understand the principles governing rural tourism development in Zimbabwe. The study is motivated by the continual request for heritage-based tourism activities and attractions in the rural areas. As a result, this article proposes a Rural Responsible Tourism Framework to present the implementation process. A qualitative research approach was used to collect data from purposively selected case studies, namely Nzvimbo Village in Chiweshe in the Mazowe District of Mashonaland Central Province and Kore-kore Village in Makonde District of Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe. Data were collected using a focus group guide developed in line with the research objectives. Findings of the study indicate that though challenges to develop RRT exist, there is great potential for the government to tap into the tourism business to create opportunities for empowering the rural people. This initiative helps to manage and reduce rural-urban migration resulting in the betterment of undeveloped and marginalised communities. The study, therefore, recommends that there be a holistic approach in the implementation process of the findings with all stakeholders, including the government, through its regulatory bodies playing a part in the implementation proces
Socio-Economic Impact of the Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Gold Mining: The Case of Shamva District, Zimbabwe
No full textThis article investigates the socio-economic impact of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in gold mining within Zimbabwe’s Shamva District, exploring both its benefits and challenges. Employing a qualitative research paradigm and semi-structured interviews, the research highlights opportunities such as job creation, infrastructure development and technology transfer. This approach enables in-depth understanding of complex socio-economic phenomena, capturing nuanced and contextual insights. Fifty participants (50), including local miners, community leaders, government officials and Chinese mining representatives, were purposively selected to ensure a diverse and relevant sample. Key challenges identified include environmental degradation, economic disparities and social displacement, exposing the negative consequences of FDI. Findings reveal that while FDI contributes to some economic opportunities, it also causes significant environmental harm and social disruption. Issues such as community marginalisation and insufficient benefits distribution exacerbate these impacts. The study underscores the need for inclusive decision-making, robust governance frameworks and community engagement to mitigate adverse effects and ensure sustainable development. Recommendations focus on fostering transparency, accountability and community participation in FDI projects. By addressing these critical issues, the research provides valuable insights for policy-makers, stakeholders and communities, aiming to optimise FDI benefits, while achieving balanced, equitable development in Shamva District
Smallholder Maize Production, Input Investment, Productivity and Profitability in Ward 1, Chikomba District, Zimbabwe
No full textMost of smallholders in Zimbabwe under the leasehold tenure system are beneficiaries of the Fast-Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) of 2000. It is generally argued that the leasehold tenure system has unprecedented impact on agricultural production as farmers fail to secure bank loans using leased land as collateral security. This article is premised on a study whose main objective was to determine the impact of leasehold land tenure system on productivity sby mallholder maize farmers. The study was carried out in Ward 1 of Chikomba District in Mashonaland East Province. Descriptive research design and primary data gathered from the randomly selected 87 farmers out of the 673 farmers, using a structured questionnaire, were used for this study. The data gathered was comprehensively analysed using both correlation analysis and regression analysis to achieve the study objectives. The results revealed that the leasehold tenure system limits farmers‟ access to credit, meaning, therefore, that the leasehold tenure has a negative impact on input investment, maize production and profitability by the smallholder farmers in Chikomba District. The study concludes that the leasehold tenure system has a negative impact on input investment, production of smallholder maize farmers as it discouraged farmers‟ access to credit, a key factor that determines farmers‟ input investment and production. The study recommends the Government of Zimbabwe to change the tenure system on smallholder farmers to a more favourable system to improve smallholder farmer input investment, productivity and profitability
Empowering Women with Disabilities through Sustainable Livelihoods in Zimbabwe
No full textThis article explores the empowerment of women with disabilities in Zimbabwe through sustainable livelihoods initiatives in both urban and rural settings. The study focuses on Mushagashe (Masvingo), Chiundura, rural areas around Gweru (Midlands) and Ruwa (Harare), examining how women with disabilities navigate intersecting challenges related to gender, disability and socio-economic marginalisation. Using a qualitative research approach, the study employs interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis to investigate the impact of grassroots initiatives and income-generating projects on the socio-economic well-being of women with disabilities. Key areas of analysis include access to vocational training, microfinance and entrepreneurship opportunities and the role of government policies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in facilitating or hindering economic inclusion. Findings indicate that while barriers such as limited capital and market access persist, participation in sustainable livelihoods projects has enabled some women to achieve financial independence, enhance their social status and advocate for their rights. The study concludes that targeted, inclusive livelihood programmes integrated within broader frameworks of capacity building and policy support, are essential for achieving meaningful socio-economic empowerment. The article provides recommendations for policy reforms and the scaling up of effective models to maximise sustainable impact
The Deliberate Continental Integration as a Bulwark against Colonial Influence: The African Experience
No full textThis article examines the concept of deliberate continental integration in Africa as a strategic response to the enduring legacies of colonialism and neo-colonialism. It highlights the collective efforts of African leaders and institutions, notably the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) (later named the African Union (AU)), in promoting unity, cooperation and emancipation across the continent. By exploring the historical context and contemporary initiatives aimed at addressing socio-political and economic challenges, the study emphasises the crucial role of legal empowerment and the emergence of conscious African black lawyers. These legal professionals are positioned to reshape post-colonial legal frameworks, integrating indigenous values, while advocating for social justice and equity. The article discusses several recommendations, including enhancing legal education, to incorporate an Afrocentric perspective, strengthening continental integration initiatives like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and supporting the role of African black lawyers through mentorship and funding. It advocates for public awareness campaigns on legal rights, fostering Pan-African collaboration and implementing affirmative action policies to promote representation and equity in legal professions and decision-making bodies. Additionally, it calls for addressing historical injustices through reparative justice initiatives, leveraging technology for legal access and encouraging international support for Africa\u27s development goals. Furthermore, the study draws parallels with global historical injustices, such as the Holocaust, to illuminate the unique challenges Africa faces in its quest for selfdetermination and liberation. Ultimately, it underscores the importance of understanding the multifaceted nature of Africa\u27s journey, offering insights for policy-makers and scholars committed to supporting the continent\u27s aspirations for a just and prosperous future
Disruptive! Unpacking the Role and Place of Digital Frugal Innovation and Sustainable Development in Africa
No full textThe article explores the role of digital frugal innovation in advancing sustainable development goals (SDGs) across Africa. It examines how affordable and scalable digital solutions address critical challenges such as poverty, healthcare access and educational disparities. A conceptual framework is established to define key concepts and theories related to digital frugal innovation and sustainable development. The methodology includes qualitative case studies and data analysis to highlight successful examples, such as EcoCash and M-KOPA Solar. Findings reveal that digital frugal innovations significantly enhance economic growth, promote social inclusion and contribute to environmental sustainability. The discussion emphasises the importance of addressing challenges, including the digital divide and data privacy concerns, to maximise the potential of these innovations. Recommendations for policy-makers and stakeholders aim to foster an inclusive digital ecosystem that supports sustainable development in Africa
Artificial Intelligence and Design of the Future - Some Serious Deep Thoughts
No full textThis article explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on society through the lens of technological determinism and singularity theories. Technological determinism is the notion that technology shapes and controls society and human behaviour. Singularity is a theory that asserts that AI has already become a million times smarter than humans and can self-improve beyond what humans first taught AI applications and machines. The Singularity Theory predicts an intelligence explosion from Artificial General Intelligence soon, in which humans are likely to lose the dominion that they have enjoyed since creation, millions of years ago. AI, in its generative and autonomous or selfimproving state or form, may lead to the automation of many tasks currently performed by humans. This could lead to both benefits and challenges, such as increased efficiency but also job losses. In addition, the article discusses the impact of AI on privacy and raises ethical concerns about the potential misuse when in the hands of bad people. It also discusses ways to ensure that AI is used responsibly and beneficially. This includes governmental authorities developing ethical guidelines for AI development and implementation and ensuring that AI systems are safe, transparent and accountable
Developing Effective Student Leadership in Higher Learning Institutions for Creating Sustainable Futures in Zimbabwe
No full textThe article is based on a study that sought to identify the strategies aimed at developing effectiveness in student leadership among higher learning institutions for sustainability measures. Student leadership has become one of the fundamental elements of higher education institutes’ governance matrix and the involvement of students in the management and governance of these institutions is key. As a way of human capital development towards inclusive and transformative leadership, leadership different strategies have been used globally to produce excellent leaders hence the aim of this study is to determine the strategies that have been used in the case of Zimbabwe aimed at fostering leadership as a way of promoting sustainability. The study recommends enforcement of leadership framework and the assessment of the success of the framework in moulding student leaders a positive note, student leadership development has contributed to significant changes in the understanding of what leadership entails among students by basically helping them in knowing what it all means to be a leader and as well led to development of institutions. Some institutions are still lagging behind in fostering inclusive sound and inclusive student leadership due to a lack of funds to organise workshops on leadership The adoption of a student leadership framework includes certain policies such as the Student Representative Council (SRC) which governs or regulates student leadership at campus will lead to the fulfilment of the needs of students and as well the good governance of higher education institutions.