University of Jos Journals
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ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY, HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
No full textThe importance of human capital as well as quality of institutions in the growth process cannot be overemphasized. This study investigated the relationship amongst institutions, human capital and economic growth in Nigeria from 1996 to 2018 using time series data. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used to analyze the data. The findings from the study revealed that there exist a positive and statistically significant relationship amongst institutions (political stability), human capital and economic growth in Nigeria at 5% level of significance in the short-run, while control of corruption is statistically not significant both in the short-run and in the long-run in its relationship with economic growth in Nigeria at 5% level of significance. The study recommends among others that government should increase its expenditure on education because of its strategic importance in economic growth; the current stability in the polity should be maintained since it is growth-enhancing and agencies responsible in the fight against corruption should be strengthened
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
No full textThis study examined the relationship between foreign direct investment and human capital development in Nigeria. The Impulse Response Function of the Vector Auto-Regression (VAR) estimation methodology is the framework of analysis. Findings indicate that foreign direct investment had minimal effect on human capital development in Nigeria while the latter on the other hand had no considerable impact on the former. However, while the lag of human capital development had marginal impact on its value in the current period that of foreign direct investment was of considerable impact. Therefore the imperative is for the country to properly manage its foreign direct investment in order to
continue to attract the inflow of same in successive periods
An Assessment of Sustainable Design Strategies Applied in Selected Mixed-Use Facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria
No full textThe rapid urbanization in developing nations has intensified the need for sustainable mixed-use developments, particularly in megacities like Lagos, Nigeria. This study assessed the implementation of sustainable design strategies in selected mixed-use facilities in Lagos State, focusing on sustainable site development and energy efficiency measures. The research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sustainable design implementations and identify factors influencing their adoption, examining two prominent case studies: Nestoil Towers and Kings Tower in Victoria Island. Using a qualitative research approach, the study employed structured observations, photographic documentation, and architectural documentation review to assess sustainable design features. The findings reveal varying levels of success in sustainability implementation, with energy efficiency measures achieving significantly higher scores (78-85%) compared to site sustainability measures (42-55%). Both facilities demonstrated strong performance in technological integration and innovative design solutions, achieving energy consumption reductions of 27-31%. However, challenges persist in site sustainability aspects, particularly in vegetation preservation and tree retention. These findings provide valuable insights for both new construction and existing building retrofits, informing strategies for enhancing sustainability in current structures through phased improvements, system upgrades, and adaptive reuse approaches. The study recommends enhanced focus on site sustainability measures, integrated design approaches for future developments, and systematic retrofit strategies for existing buildings to improve their environmental performance. These recommendations contribute to the broader agenda of sustainable urban development in developing nations
THE IMPACT OF ICT PLATFORMS ON SURVIVAL OF MEDIUM-SCALED ENTERPRISES IN BAUCHI METROPOLIS
No full textThe increasing reliance on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platforms has significantly influenced the survival and growth of medium-scaled enterprises (MSEs). This study examined the impact of access to ICT infrastructure, ICT adoption, and policies regulating ICT on firm survival among Medium-Scaled Enterprises in Bauchi Metropolis. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from registered MSEs and analysed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation and multivariate analysis. The findings revealed strong positive correlation between access to ICT infrastructure and firm survival. ICT adoption was also found to significantly enhance business agility, operational efficiency, and market expansion. Additionally, well-structured policies regulating ICT contributed to a secure and enabling environment that fosters digital transformation and business sustainability. The study recommended increased investment in ICT infrastructure, enhanced digital literacy training for entrepreneurs, and policy frameworks that encourage innovation while ensuring data security. These measures will enable MSEs to leverage ICT platforms for long-term growth and survival in an increasingly digital economy
ECOWAS AND SUB-REGIONAL SECURITY IN WEST AFRICA: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES (2014–2023)
No full textThe paper assessed the role of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in sub-regional security in West Africa with a focus on the prospects and challenges faced by the sub regional body from 2014 to 2023. ECOWAS was established in 1975 to promote economic integration in West Africa. It has however evolved into an institution that plays a pivotal role in addressing security issues in West Africa, particularly in response to escalating conflicts, coups, and terrorism. This paper adopted the regional security complex theory to explain the nature of the interactions between the variables that make up the study. Qualitative methods were adopted for this study based on the use of secondary of data. The study relied on relevant publications like books, journals, magazines, internet sources and e-learning facilities for information. The major findings of this study revealed that ECOWAS has played a significant role in mediating conflict and facilitating peace negotiations by conducting and coordinating several peace support operations in the West African sub region in places like Liberia, Sierra-Leone, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali, Chad, Nigeria and Burkina Fasso. The study recommended that ECOWAS should promote policies that support political stability and good governance within the member states
Nigeria-South Africa Relations: Theoretical arguments on Cooperation and Competition
No full textCooperation and competition are central themes that shape the relationship between Nigeria and South Africa. Both countries, being key players in Africa, explore various forms of relations, both bilaterally and multilaterally, through political, economic, diplomatic, and socio-cultural interactions. Different theoretical arguments have been developed over time to explain competition and cooperation among states; however, most of these perspectives are Eurocentric. Applying African Realism as a theoretical framework, because of its Afrocentric approach to explaining cooperation and competition between Nigeria and South Africa challenges the narrow arguments of other theories, making them less applicable in this context. Using a qualitative method and secondary data, it was found that African states can simultaneously cooperate and compete, emphasizing that states will naturally compete for their national interests but also cooperate due to the Afrocentric value of brotherhood, which is the core principle of African Realism
The Police and Peace Support Operations: A Theoretical Review
No full textTheories are essential in studying phenomena and events as they are generally used in analyzing situations such as democracy, peace, conflict, war, and the phenomenon of Peace Support Operations (PSOs) globally. Peace support operations have evolved and currently have police components, which has also raised complex issues in the general need for PSOs and the functionality and justifications of the various theories of police participation in PSOs. The main problem the research seeks to study is the justification of the usage of the police component in PSOs and the identification of various strengths and weaknesses of the various theories employed in the usage of the police in PSOs propounded by different scholars. Being a study that focused on theories of police participation in PSOs, the theoretical framing of the study was hinged on the theory of police intervention. The study utilized the cross-sectional survey method, collecting data from a population composed mainly of secondary sources. The study’s main objective is to examine and review theories of PSOs and the participation of the police in PSOs. Findings from the study showed a multiplicity of theories are available in explaining the phenomenon of PSOs and Police participation the police each with several weaknesses and strengths, which in a sense underscores the role of theories in PSOs. Findings also revealed that apart from the Police, the military, diplomats, and civilian personnel are also involved in PSOs. The study identified and reviewed several relevant theories of the police participation in Peace Support Operations. A major contribution of the study to knowledge is in the area of theoretical strengthening and philosophical justification through the identification of strengths and weaknesses of various theories reviewed, thereby adding to the existing body of literature. It is hoped that the recommendations in the study will contribute to strengthening UN PSOs. The study will serve as an additional contribution to existing literature in the field of PSOs. The study recommends that more theories of PSOs should evolve to justify its phenomenon globally. This is relevant because most theories of PSOs did not explain the phenomenon of non-participation and non-contribution of some member states of the UN to peace support
Gender Based Violence, Sexual Harassment and the Media in Nigeria
No full textGender-based violence (GBV) and sexual harassment remain pervasive violations of women’s rights in Nigeria, yet their representation in the media often shapes how society perceives, understands, and responds to these issues. This study examines how Nigerian media report on GBV and sexual harassment, stressing the extent to which such coverage reflects professionalism, reinforces stereotypes, or contributes to prevention and social change. Guided by feminist media theory, framing theory, and the cultivation theory, the study explores the patterns and implications of media portrayals. A qualitative research design was adopted, drawing on secondary sources such as newspaper reports, NGO publications, and scholarly analyses, and employing thematic analysis to interrogate recurring frames, narratives, and silences. The findings reveal that Nigerian media frequently sensationalize violence, prioritize physical abuse over structural and systemic dimensions, and under-represent survivor voices. However, evidence also suggests that media can act as a powerful tool for advocacy by amplifying marginalized perspectives, shaping public discourse, and holding institutions accountable. This study argues that gender-sensitive and socially responsible reporting is vital to promoting accountability, advancing gender justice, and supporting broader policy and advocacy efforts aimed at preventing GBV and sexual harassment in Nigeria
DOES PUBLIC SECTOR DEFICIT FINANCING CROWD OUT PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA?: EVIDENCE FROM VAR ANALYSIS
No full textThe paper investigates the consequences of huge government presence in running the economy and tested the hypothesis that public sector deficit financing crowds-out private sector investment in Nigeria. Using structural vector auto regression (SVAR),corroborated by impulse response function (IRF),the result according to the finding shows that the observed variable(s) private sector investment(PSI), and interest(INTR)gives the expected sign in conformity with the submission of theory, government borrowing and gross domestic product are both positive, which is expected. The negative sign of private sector investment, and interest, shows an indication of a crowding-out effect. However, for the negative sign of interest rate, one should expect that the effect of public sector deficit financing be neutralized, hence stimulating
private sector investment in Nigeria. Also the result from the impulse response function agrees with the parametric estimates, as the instrumental variables response in the same direction to the shock introduced to public sector deficit. It is evidence from the results that private sector investment is not only interest sensitive, but as well depends on the extent of government involvement and other important explanatory variables. The study recommends therefore that a holistic policy design geared towards boosting private sector investment be put place, instead of concentrating on the conventional interest rate sensitive investment. This will guarantee the synergy between the private and public sector activities in an economy
Globalization, Governance, and Social Conditions of Nigerians in post-2023 election period
No full textIt is an incontrovertible fact that Nigeria, just as every other nation, exists in a globalized world and its political economy is impacted by activities generated at the international sphere. These activities range from political, economic, socio-cultural, and environmental to religious milieus. This paper reflected on the post 2023election eco-system in Nigeria and argued that the appalling, deteriorating and dehumanizing social/material conditions of Nigeria cannot be devoiced form its integration into the international capitalist system. The paper adopted the dependency theory which argues that the poverty and wealth of nations can be situated in the context of the integration of Nigeria and other Third World countries into the international capitalist system dominated and controlled by the west. The paper utilized data from secondary sources such as journal articles, text books, internet materials, etc. and analyzed using content analytical technique. Analysis of the data revealed that the miss-governance or misapplied neo-liberal policies of the APC led government- much of which have been foisted on Nigerians by Bretton Woods institutions- which serve as global capitalist warehouses- have cascading effects on the social/material conditions of Nigerians manifesting in pervasive poverty, large scale unemployment, corruption, all time high inflation, insecurity and general underdevelopment. The paper recommended amongst other things, a remodeling or outright reversal of some of the neo-liberal policies adopted by the government in order to ease the suffering of the people and improve their social and material wellbeing