Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science
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Predicting extra-musculoskeletal and peripheral manifestations and their role on biologic treatment in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: TReasure experience
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to examine the frequency and associated factors of extra-musculoskeletal manifestations (EMMs) and peripheral manifestations in an axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) cohort and their impact on the choice of first biologic treatment. Patients and methods: A total of 1,687 patients with axSpA (978 males, 709 females; mean age: 38.5±11 years) who started their first biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) were included from a national prospective database of TReasure between its inception and 2018-2021. Demographic and clinical characteristics, disease-related features, and treatment patterns were compared between patients with and without EMMs or peripheral involvement. Results: Of the patients, 1,283 had radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA), while 404 had nonradiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA). Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) was the most common (11.4%) EMM, and older age, female sex, human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) positivity, and a lower Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score were associated with AAU. Female sex, methotrexate use, dactylitis, and higher Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS)-serum C-reactive protein (CRP) scores were related to psoriasis (PsO). Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and PsO were negatively associated with HLA-B27 positivity. Enthesitis was the most frequent (28.2%) peripheral manifestations, and peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, and enthesitis were independent predictor of each other. In addition, dactylitis and peripheral arthritis were related to more frequent use of conventional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. In addition, IBD history was associated with less frequent use of etanercept. Older age, less use of sulfasalazine, the absence of enthesitis, and lower Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Disease Index (BASFI) scores were associated with secukinumab use. Conclusion: Acute anterior uveitis was associated with HLA-B27 positivity, while PsO or IBD were negatively associated with HLA-B27 in patients with axSpA. Peripheral manifestations appeared to be related to each other. Among EMMs, we found that only IBD had an effect on the bDMARD preference
Communication Faculty Students' Metaphorical Perceptions of Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence (AI)
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AI AND DECISION-MAKING: A SWOT ANALYSIS FOR FUTURE PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
No full textThis study investigates the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on decision-making processes, with a particular focus on public administration. Traditionally grounded in human judgment, decision-making is being reshaped by the rapid advancement of AI technologies. The paper traces the historical evolution of AI, from early expert systems to current adaptive models, emphasizing its growing capacity to analyze complex data and support managerial decision-making. Through a SWOT analysis, the study evaluates AI’s strengths—including speed, accuracy, and enhanced transparency—and addresses critical concerns such as algorithmic bias, ethical risks, and the potential erosion of human strategic capacity. The findings suggest that while AI can significantly improve decision-making in public administration, it should serve as a complement rather than a replacement for human judgment. The study concludes by highlighting the necessity of ethical frameworks and regulatory oversight to ensure the responsible integration of AI in governance
Lamivudin ve Dolutegravir Kombinasyonunun Naiv HIV ileYaşayan Bireylerde Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi: AnadoluKohortu
No full textHumik Asit TNF-α İfadesini Düzenleyerek Lipopolisakkarit-uyarımlı Akut Böbrek Hasarını Hafifletir
No full textSepsis-uyarımlı akut böbrek hasarı (ABH) sağlık alanındaki gelişmelere rağmen yüksek mortalite oranına sahip bir klinik tablodur. Bu çalışmada HA’nın LPS ile indüklenen sıçan ABH modelinde potansiyel koruyucu etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada toplam 24 adet erişkin erkek Wistar albino sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar rastgele olarak üç gruba ayrıldı: (1) Kontrol grubu, (2) LPS grubu ve (3) HA+LPS grubu. LPS grubuna 5 mg/kg dozunda Lipopolisakkarit (LPS) uygulanırken, HA+LPS grubuna LPS enjeksiyonundan önceki üç gün boyunca 50 mg/kg dozunda Humik asit (HA) tedavisi uygulandı. Böbrek dokularındaki histopatolojik değişiklikler Hematoksilen-Eozin (H&E) boyama yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Ayrıca, tümör nekroz faktörü-alfa (TNF-α) ekspresyon düzeyleri immünohistokimyasal analizlerle incelendi. Malondialdehit (MDA) total antioksidan kapasite (TAS), total oksidan kapasite (TOS), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), Glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) gibi oksidatif stres belirteçleri analiz edildi. Kan üre azotu (BUN), kreatinin (CREA), laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH), total protein (TP), albumin, ürik asit gibi parametreler serum numunelerinde analiz edildi. Bulgularımız, sıçan sepsis modelinde uygulanan HA tedavisinin renal tübüler hasarı azalttığını ve TNF-α ekspresyonunu düşürdüğünü göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, HA, LPS-uyarımlı ABH modelinde inflamasyonu düzenleyerek renal fonksiyonları iyileştirebilir.Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical condition with a high mortality rate despite advances in health. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of HA in the LPS-induced rat AKI model. A total of 24 adult male Wistar albino rats were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Control group, (2) LPS group and (3) HA+LPS group. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg to the LPS group, while humic acid (HA) was administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg for three days before LPS injection to the HA+LPS group. Histopathological changes in the renal tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining method. In addition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression levels were examined by immunohistochemical analyses. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Parameters such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP), albumin, uric acid were analyzed in serum samples. Our findings show that HA treatment applied in rat sepsis model reduces renal tubular damage and decreases TNF-α expression. In conclusion, HA may improve renal functions by regulating inflammation in LPS-induced AKI model