Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science
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Siyaset Bilimi, Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Kamu Yönetimi Alanında Uluslararası Derleme, Araştırma ve Çalışmalar
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First Molecular Investigation of VSSC-Linked Permethrin Resistance in Human Scabies in Türkiye
No full textObjective: Scabies, a longstanding public health concern, is a contagious and pruritic skin condition caused by the parasite Sarcoptes scabiei, affecting an estimated 300 million individuals worldwide annually. Recent increases in incidence can be attributed to challenges in accurate diagnosis and instances of treatment resistance. Permethrin, an insecticide belonging to the pyrethroid group, is the primary choice for scabies treatment. However, recent treatment failures suggest the emergence of permethrin resistance. Pyrethroids, widely employed as insecticides over the past three decades, have led to resistance development across various organisms. Pyrethroid acaricides like permethrin target the neuronal voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) protein, crucial for action potential generation in excitable cells. Specific mutations in the VSSC gene have been associated with pyrethroid resistance. Our objective is to elucidate the correlation between treatment failure and pyrethroid resistance stemming from VSSC gene mutations in Sarcoptes scabiei mites responsible for scabies cases in the Sivas region, Türkiye. Methods: In this study, we analyzed 30 scabies cases where initial permethrin treatment proved ineffective. The VSSC gene of scabies mites was partially isolated from genomic DNA to identify potential mutations via DNA sequencing. Results: Results yielded significant insights into the relationship between permethrin resistance and VSSC gene mutations. Notably, 43.3% of mites exhibited mutated VSSC genes. Conclusion: This study represents the first investigation into Vssc-associated permethrin resistance in human scabies. The study highlights the importance of detecting genotypic resistance in 43.3% of phenotypically resistant cases
Separation of cations by capillary electrophoresis: The effects of temperature and voltage
No full textCation analysis plays a crucial role in various industries, including food, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. This study explored capillary electrophoresis for the separation of ammonium, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium cations, focusing on the effects of temperature (20-30oC) and voltage (20-30 kV) on peak and separation parameters: migration time, plate number, response factor, tailing factor, resolution, and selectivity. The shortest migration times for cations (from ammonium to magnesium) were observed at 30oC-30 kV (from 4.27 to 7.11 min), while the longest times (from 7.45-12.9 min) occurred at 20oC-20 kV. The temperature significantly interacted with voltage on the migration of cations (p<0.05). The highest plate number was observed for magnesium (36800), followed by calcium (32031), potassium (14712), ammonium (6927), and sodium (5060). Temperature increases significantly (p<0.05) improved sodium's plate number (from 2560 to 5060) but reduced it for other cations. Both temperature and voltage significantly (p<0.05) enhanced peak symmetry for sodium, as indicated by increase in its tailing factor (from 0.54 to 0.58 and from 0.54 to 0.57, respectively). Furthermore, the temperature and voltage showed a significant (p<0.05) interaction on the tailing factors of ammonium and potassium. Resolution between sodium and calcium was suboptimal (<1) at 20oC-30 kV but reached to 2.19 at 30oC-30 kV. These findings demonstrate that higher temperature and voltage conditions enhance separation efficiency, particularly for sodium, by improving plate number, peak symmetry, and resolution. This study presents a comprehensive quantitative comparison and offers specific capillary electrophoresis conditions to facilitate further research and method validation for cation analyses
Examining of participation, support and barrier of children with and without maltreatment: A cross-sectional study with caregiver perspective
No full textObjective: Child maltreatment can harm children physically, mentally, and emotionally. It can affect children's activities of daily living and social participation. This study aimed to compare the levels of participation, support and barriers for children who have been maltreated with children who have not been maltreated. Participants and setting: The study included 70 maltreated (28 male, 42 female) and 52 non-maltreated (29 male, 23 female) caregiver of children aged 6-12 years. Methods: A cross-sectional, direct survey method was used to collect data from caregiver of children. Participation, frequency of participation, support and barriers were assessed using the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY). Results: Statistically significant differences were found between children who were maltreated in the home context and children who were not maltreated in terms of participation frequency, participation level and environmental barriers scores (p < 0.05). In addition, statistically significant differences were observed between children who were maltreated in the school and community context and children who were not maltreated in terms of environmental barriers, frequency of participation and level of participation scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of our study showed that the participation of children with a history of child maltreatment in home, school and community settings was significantly affected compared to the control group. In particular, it was observed that children with a history of child maltreatment needed more support in participating in activities in both home and school environments compared to their peers with normal development
Longitudinal evaluation of corneal stability and tear film changes in first-time soft-contact lens wearers
No full textPurpose: Using advanced imaging techniques, this study aimed to evaluate corneal stability, epithelial remodeling , tear film changes over a one-year period in first-time soft-contact lens wearers. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 100 eyes of 50 first-time daily soft-contact lens users aged 21-65 years with no prior rigid gas-permeable lens wear. The Sirius Scheimpflug imaging system was used to assess corneal topography, epithelial thickness, , non-invasive tear break-up time at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Corneal warpage was evaluated using symmetry indices and Baiocchi Calossi Versaci indices. We performed statistical analysis using repeated-measures analyses of variance with Greenhouse- Geisser correction. Results: The mean baseline central corneal thickness was 537.83 (+/- 7.92) mu m, with no significant thinning after one year. The average simulated keratometry values remained stable, indicating no progressive corneal steepening or flattening. There were no significant changes in warpage indices over time, suggesting corneal shape preservation. Higher-order aberrations (coma, trefoil, and spherical aberrations) and non-invasive tear break-up time remained unchanged throughout the study period. Conclusions: Modern silicone hydrogel soft-contact lenses do not induce significant corneal warpage, epithelial remodeling, or optical aberrations over a one-year period. We found that corneal morphology and tear film stability were preserved, supporting the safety of soft-contact lens use. These findings provide clinically relevant insights into the long-term impact of contact lens wear. They may facilitate improved lens fitting strategies and preope- rative refractive surgery assessments
