Ethiopian Journals Online (EJOL)
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IN STRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS AND SCHOOL CLIMATE FOR CONCEPT LEARNING AT DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES (COGNITIVE DOMAIN)
No full textThe study was conducted to investigatelearning with respect to fourvariables, viz., instructional treatment,school climate, levels of intelligenceand different categoriesof objectives. The l66 students (classVII) from the two English medium schoolsof Chandiganh participated in the study.Main finding of the investigation -were: (i) The Integrated System of instructionyie lded better resu l ts thanConventional Instruction for the teachingof a segment of science such as"Preservation of Self", (ii) The authoritarianand democratic school climatespromoted comparable achievement scoresfor coucept learning, (iii) Studentsattained concepts better in knowledgethan in other categories through both
RELIABILITY-BASED NUMERICAL MODELING FOR INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF PRINTING PARAMETERS ON BUILDABILITY OF 3D PRINTED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Get PDFThe significance of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) as an additive manufacturing technology has increased over the past few years. Both academic research studies and large-scale industrial realizations of 3DCP have shown that it represents a viable alternative to traditional concrete mold casting. The key reason for this rapid development is that urgent challenges of the construction sector, in particular sustainability and productivity, are addressed. However, previous studies on technological progress have mainly been experimentally driven. The introduction of appropriate numerical modeling techniques would, therefore, further foster the success of 3DCP by providing insight into the structural behavior, which is beyond experimental possibilities. The present study introduces a numerical modeling technique for the analysis of 3DCP wall structures using a time-dependent reliability analysis. Uncertainties occurring throughout the printing process and time dependent properties of printable concreteare considered. In addition, sensitivity analysis of random variables is done, which could be used as indicative preference for future process optimizations.The results yield valuable insight into the influence of printing process parameters on the failure of 3D printed concrete structures. The numerical model predicts build ability of a 3D printed concrete wall structure as it is in very good agreement with experimental results of similar studies
Gender and Number in Mosittacha
No full textThis paper discusses the gender and number systems and their interaction. The findings of the study show that Mosittacha is a language with two nominal genders masculine and feminine. Nouns also mark two number categories, singular and plural. Regarding the interaction between gender and number, there are nouns which in the singular fall into two gender categories, masculine (m.) and feminine (f.). Such nouns have plural forms in which gender is not distinguished. There are also masculine and feminine nouns which have no plural counterparts. Still, there are a small number of nouns which lack the usual plural suffixes, which take plural verb agreement when they function as a clause subject and which refer to a single entity. This small group of exceptional nouns should be idiosyncratically marked as plural in the lexicon
Developmental Stages of Number Marking in Amharic as a Second Language: Evidence for Processability Theory
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The aim of this article is to explore the developmental trajectories of Amharic nominal and verbal plural morphemes and to provide empirical support to the typological plausibility of processability theory. Processability theory claims that learners follow the same general developmental routes across typologically different languages (Pienemann, 1998b:2). Up to date, Processability theory has been tested by some languages for its universal applicability. This article is, thus, the only one of its kind from Ethio-Semitic languages that provides additional empirical support to PT. To facilitate interaction and get the necessary data, semi-structured interviews, picture description tasks, and spot the difference tasks were employed. By using distributional analysis and emergence criteria, the data were analyzed and the points of emergence of target structures were determined, respectively. The results show that implicationally ordered developmental routes of number agreement across three developmental stages were found in which s-procedure follows the phrasal procedure, which follows categorical procedure. This result in particular confirms the processability theory’s predictions. However, plural number subject agreement markeremerges at category levelin pro-drop context before context that requires agreement between subject and verb. This result contradicts Processability theory’s hypothesis, which states that subject agreement markers only begin to emerge at stage four.
Keywords: [Processability theory, Number marking, Morph-syntax, Developmental stage, Amharic as L2
Phenotypic characterization of indigenous goat population in North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Get PDFThis study characterized indigenous goats in the North Wollo Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, focusing on their morphometric traits. A total of 550 goats (467 does and 83 bucks) were randomly selected for data collection, excluding pregnant and sick animals. Eight qualitative 19 (bucks) and 24 (does) linear body measurements were measured. Statistical analysis revealed that the agro-ecological zone, sex, and age significantly influenced both qualitative and quantitative traits. Highland goats, male goats, and older goats were generally larger. There was a positive and significant correlation between body weight and linear body measurements for both males and females. Among the body measurements, chest girth was identified as the best predictor of body weight, explaining more variation than other traits. These findings provide valuable insights into the morphometric characteristics of indigenous goats and can serve as a baseline for future research on goat breeding and management in the region. The study highlights the importance of understanding local goat populations to improve livestock management practices in smallholder systems
ተለዋዋጭነት ለደጃዝማች ካሣ/ለዳግማዊ ዐፄ ቴዎድሮስ በተዜሙ ቃል ግጥሞች፦ዐውዳዊ ትንተና
No full textተለዋዋጭነትበሚታይባቸውለደጅአዝማችካሣ/ለዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስየተዜሙቃልግጥሞችላይጥናትባለመደረጉይኽንንጥናትማካኼድአስፈልጓል።የጥናቱዋናዓላማለደጃዝማችካሣ/ለዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስየተዜሙቃልግጥሞችንተለዋዋጭነትመመርመር፣መትርጐምናመተንተንነው።ይኽንዓላማለማሳካትም፡- በቃልግጥሞቹየሚስተዋሉለውጦችምንምንናቸው? የለውጦቹምክንያቶችስ? ተለዋውጠውየተዜሙትናየተመዘገቡትቃልግጥሞችየደጅአዝማችካሣን/የዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስንታሪክምንያኽልይገልጻሉ? ለሚሉትጥያቄዎችበጥናቱለመመለስጥረትተደርጓል።በተለያዩጸሓፍትሥራዎችተለዋውጠውየተመዘገቡቃልግጥሞችየተመረመሩትናየተተነተኑትንጽጽርን፣ገለጻንናታሪካዊዐውድንመሠረትበማድረግነው።ከጥናቱውጤትመረዳትእንደሚቻለውቃልግጥሞቹበቃላትአጠቃቀም፣በሐረግናበሥንኝአደራደርተለዋውጠውተመዝግበዋል።አብዛኛዎቹየተለዋወጡትቃልግጥሞችየደጅአዝማችካሣን/የዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስንታሪክበትክክል፣ጥቂቶቹደግሞአዛብተውይገልጻሉ።ስለደጅአዝማችካሣ/ስለዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስየተዜሙቃልግጥሞችንተለዋዋጭነትማጥናት፡- ፩ኛ፣ለደጅአዝማችካሣ/ለዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስየተዜሙ፣ቃልግጥሞችየቅርጽናየይዘትተለዋዋጭነትእንዳላቸውለመገንዘብያስችላል፤፪ኛ፣ቃልግጥሞቹየደጅአዝማችካሣን/የዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስንታሪክእንዴትናምንያኽልእንደአንጸባረቁለመገንዘብያስችላል፤፫ኛ፣ተለዋዋጭነትበሚታይባቸውቃልግጥሞችላይበሚደረግየቅርጽናየይዘትጥናትሊደረግየሚገባውንጥንቃቄያስገነዝባል።ጥናቱንበተወሰኑገጾችመጥኖማቅረብአስፈላጊበመኾኑለድጅአዝማችካሣ/ለዳግማዊዐፄቴዎድሮስየተዜሙትንናተለዋዋጭነትየሚታይባቸውንኹሉንምቃልግጥሞችመመርምር፣መተርጎምናመተንተንአልተቻለም።ይኽየጥናቱውሱንነትቢኖርምበይሁነኝየናሙናአወሳሰድበተመረጡየቃልግጥምቅርጾችላይየተደረገውትንተናጥናቱንበተሟላመንገድለማቅረብተችሏል።በዚኽጥናትባልተመረመሩተለዋውጠውበተመዘገቡቃልግጥሞችናተዛማጅነትባላቸውርእሰጉዳዮችላይየፎክሎር፣የሥነሰብእ፣የሥነጽሑፍናየታሪክተመራማሪዎችየምርምርትኩረትሊያደርጉይገባል
በቱለማ ኦሮሞ ገዳ ሥርዓት እንስትነትን የሚገልፁ የከበሩ ንዋያት ትዕምርታዊ ጥናት[1]
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የዚህ ጥናት ዓላማ በቱለማ ኦሮሞ ገዳ ሥርዓት እንስትነትን የሚያመለክቱ ትዕምርቶችን በትንታኔ ማሳየት ነው፡፡ በጥናቱ ውስጥ የተካተቱት የከበሩ ንዋያት የቱለማ ኦሮሞን ባህል እና ወግ ከግምት ውስጥ በማስገባት ከዚህ በፊት በተለይም ከእንስትነት እና ከትዕምርት ብሎም ከሥርዓተ ከበራ አንፃር አልተጠኑም፡፡ ጥናቱ ዓይነታዊ ምርምርን የተከተለ ሲሆን፣ ገላጭ የአጠናን ስልትን ተግባራዊ አድርጓል፡፡ በቃለ መጠይቅ፣ በመስክ ምልከታ እና በተተኳሪ የቡድን ውይይት የተሰበሰቡ ቀዳማይ መረጃዎች ከልዩ ልዩ ስነዘዴዎች፣ ፅንሰ ሃሳባዊ እና ንድፈ ሃሳባዊ ማዕቀፎች ጋር ተዋህደው ተተንትነዋል፡፡ መረጃዎቹ ስለ ጫጩ፣ ጨሌ፣ ሲንቄ እና ተያያዥ ጉዳዮች የሚያወሱ ናቸው፡፡ በትንታኔው እንደታየውም በገዳ ሥርዓት ውስጥ ትልቅ ክብር የሚሰጣቸው እነዚህ እንስትነትን የሚያመለክቱት የከበሩ ንዋያት ባላቸው ትዕምርታዊ ፍቺ የሴቶችን ማህበራዊ ደረጃ እና ሚና፣ ክብር፣ ተቀባይነት እና ተደማጭነትን መሠረት ያደረጉ ናቸው፡፡ ከትዕምርታዊ ፍቺ አንፃር ደግሞ እንስትነትን እና መራባትን የሚገልፁ ሲሆን ዕርቅ ለመፈፀም እና ግጭቶችን ለማስወገድ ጉልህ ድርሻ ያላቸው መሆኑን የጥናቱ ውጤት ያሳያል፡፡
የጥናቱ ቁልፍ ቃላት፡- [እንስትነት፣ ትዕምርት፣ ጫጩ፣ ጨሌ፣ ሲንቄ]፡
The Structure of two Declarative Verb Forms in Bayso
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This article analyses the declarative verb forms in one of the typologically important but not yet fairely described Cushitic language under Omo-Tana group named Bayso. The main objective of the study is to investigate the internal structure of the verbal inflections employing Basic Linguistic Theory.The data elicited from the native speakers of the language is cross checked against the secondary data on the language. As to the analysis made the verbs in the declarative mood are found to have two main forms operationally referred to as simple and complex verbs. The verbs gir- ‘exist’, ʔab-, ‘posses’, and the grammaticalized verb leʔ- ‘become’ are important in forming complex verbs among which the verb gir- ‘exist’ is the most important and frequent one. First, second and third persons are distinguished of which first person plural and second person (both singular & plural) are morphologically marked; three gender values: masculine, feminine and neuter of which masculine is unmarked; two tenses: past tense and non-past tense are there in the verbs of the language. Simple verb forms are there only in the past tense, while the complex verbs are both in the past tense and non-past tense. Tense and aspect markers are separately marked in complex verbs but conflate in simple verbs.
Keywords: [simple verb, complex verb, auxiliary verb, main verb, tense/aspect]
 
Practices of Conflict Early Warning System and Police Timely Response in Selected Areas of Ethiopia
No full textThe practices of conflict early warning and police responses system in Ethiopia has not been captured and displayed in the landscape of the field. These and the escalating nature of violent conflicts in the country initiated the research project. This study investigated the system of conflict early warning and the timely responses of police focusing on multiple cases that happened in conflict hot spot areas of the country. The study employed qualitative research approach and exploratory research design. A purposive sampling was employed to select informants who were from Ministry of Peace, Police, regional peace and security bureau, and public Universities. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, focused-group discussions, and document review. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted thematically. As a result, the study found that the CEW structure mandated to own pre-conflict activities is not uniform throughout the country. In terms of its practice, it is also found to be different across regional states and city administrations of Ethiopia. Despite the differences, identification of indicators of conflicts, conflict incidents and situation analysis, pre-conflict assessment by field monitors and focal persons assigned for this intended purpose are some of the CEW activities implemented in different areas of the study. Furthermore, police’s response as per CEW information is found to be minimal and different across regions and city administration. Establishing a uniform and clear CEW structure is a recommended mechanism to alleviate the challenges of the sector. Likewise, sufficient attention should be given to active participation and consultation of communities towards the implementation of CEW system