Ethiopian Journals Online (EJOL)
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The Impact of Integrating Computer Simulation Package in Flipped Classroom Settings on Students’ Mathematics Achievement in Ondo State
No full textThis study investigates the effect of computer simulations in an inverted classroom on students' academic performances in Mathematics in the Ondo metropolis of Ondo State. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups. Two public secondary schools with senior school II students, functional computers, and electricity were purposively selected within the Ondo metropolis to participate in the study. A total sample of one hundred and ninety-five (195) senior secondary schools II from two public secondary schools in Ondo metropolis participated in the study. Data were collected through the Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) and computer simulation instructional package (CSIP) developed by the researchers. The statistical package of the social science programme was used for the analysis. The students’ pretest and posttest scores were subjected to a sample t-test analysis. The results indicate no significant difference in pre-test scores between the two groups, confirming their equivalence at baseline. However, post-test scores revealed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group, demonstrating the effectiveness of the flipped classroom model with computer simulations. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that mathematics teachers should adopt a computer simulation package in flipped classroom settings as a student-driven instructional approach capable of sustaining students’ interest and improving academic achievement
SECOND LANGUAGE STUDENTS' CONFIDENCE IN PRODUCING THE CORRECT ANSWER
No full textThis paper is designed to assesswhether there was any relationshipbetween correctness in answering andaccuracy in judging the correctness /incorrectness of the answers the studentswrote. To achieve this aim a test wasset and and inistered to 29 studentsstudying Physics in the Kiremt Programmeat Bahir Dar Teachers~ College. Everystudent was required to indicate how surehe was of the correctness of the answerhe / she gave to each item by writing onenumber of the 5 point scale.The results indicate that thesubjects neither rated 5 each of theitems they got correct nor 1 all thoseitems they were wrong in. The students'conFidence ratings are discussed in termsof Nonitor Hypothesis~ Fossilization~ andteaching
The Communicative Needs of the High Schools in Addis Ababa
No full textThe purpose of this study is to identify the communicative needs of the high schools in Addis Ababa with respect to the language skillsand the language activities. The study requires language skills and the language activities. The study requires information about theimportance of language skills and language activities to the students, and the frequency rate of performance of language activities by thestudents in the course of their study.
To achieve this aim, questionnaires were distributed to 64 teachers and 150 students; and interviews were administered to 10 teachersand 13 students.
The teacher questionnaire aimed at investigating the important language skills and language activities. The results indicated that:- the macro-skills were important to the students in the course of their study in the order Listening-Reading-Writing and -Speaking;- the listening activities were important in the order listening to explanations-discussions-instructions and not making;- participating in discussions, asking questions, and answering questions were the important speaking activities in that order;
- of the reading activities, readings of textbooks, other related materials, hand-outs, and assignments were important in thatsequence; and- not making, answering questions in examinations and writing assignments were the important writing activities.
The student questionnaire asked the students to rate their activity performance in the course of their study. The findings indicated thatwhat were considered the most important activities by teachers were not, in most cases, the most frequent activities students performed.
Interviewing teacher and students, it was found that the orders of importance and frequency of performance of the language skills andthe language activities revealed in the questionnaires, except in few cases, were not the same.
Although the orders of importance and frequency of performance varied between the two instruments, it was concluded that thelanguage skills and the language activities are the common communicative needs of the high schools, and attempts were made to interpretthe language activities into Munby's micro-skills as resultant skills.
On the basis of the study, it is mainly recommended that the language needs of learners (that is, content) should be studied. Thisstudy is only a partial work to develop a course. And it is recommended that textbooks should include the important language skillsto enable the students to perform the activities. Selection of the language skills should be made by taking what the students havealready known into account
EXPLORING ALTRUISTIC MOTIVES OF ETHIOPIAN ADOLESCENTS:THE CASE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
No full textAltruism is the quintessence of prosocial behaviour. When used in itsmost restricted sense, it denotes self-sacrifice. When more broadly applied it connotesco-operation, generosity, concern for others, and helping behaviour. Attribution ofaltruistic behaviour among first year college students was examined. The ProsocialMotivation Questionnaire (PSMQj, an instrument based on hypothetical situationsabout evaluative standards operative in prosocial behaviour, was used to assesssubjects'(Ss') preference for six prosocial motives: hedonism, self-interest, conformity,task-orientation, others-orientation, and empathy. Four hundred and one freshmanstudents (20 J females and 200 males) were studied. It was found out that motives ofhedonism, self-interest and conformity were rated low by all Ss. Female Ss haveshown more preference to empathy and task-orientation than male Ss. Urban }emaleSs have endorsed more task-orientation, others-orientation and empathy than ruraland male urban Ss. Induction or explanation and preference to empathy aI"e foundcorrelating. Family size and socio-economic status and altruistic mq(ives are foundrelated. Rural origin Ss have shown preferehces to hedonistic and self-interestmotives. Ss of the humanities, arts, and medicine are found preferring more tomotives of task-orientation, confomism and hedonism
The Internationalization Policy of Ethiopian Higher Education: A Comprehensive Analysis
No full textIn this article, we conducted a policy analysis of Ethiopia’s higher education internationalization policy using the Policy Analysis Triangle Framework (Walt and Gilson, 1994) that integrates policy context, actors, process, and text to provide a comprehensive understanding of the policy. These elements supported the study in analyzing the process followed to develop the policy, who were involved in the process and how, the context for the policy, and how the interaction of these elements affected the inclusion and exclusion of policy content. The study employed a qualitative case study approach. Key sectoral documents, including the higher education internationalization policy, education policy, education roadmap, higher education proclamation, and education sector development program, were reviewed. In addition, key informant interviews with policymakers were also used to collect data. The analysis revealed that these documents recognized the need for internationalizing higher education with the Education Sector Development Program V, setting the goal for the policy’s development. The policy agenda was set by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. The policymaking process followed a top-down approach, with limited input from relevant stakeholders. While policy formulation followed the necessary procedures, the process lacked proper context analysis at the global, local, and national levels, relying mainly on international experience. The policy adopted a definition that reflected comprehensive internationalization but overlooked the decolonizing aspect. The policy incorporated all four rationales of internationalization, where more emphasis was given to the academic and economic aspects. Not all dimensions of internationalization were adequately addressed in directions and strategies, and they failed to consider internationalization for society. Furthermore, strategies recommended for developing countries, such as regionalization, South-South cooperation, and intellectual diversity, that help to reduce dominance from the North, were not made mandatory in the policy. In conclusion, the development of the policy played a critical role in strategizing the ad hoc and disorganized efforts of the past. And yet, it had limitations in guiding the internationalization efforts of the country, implying that without contextual relevance and stakeholder involvement, the policy risks would be symbolic rather than transformative in practice
Determinants of marketing outlet choices of irrigated onion (Allium cepa L.) producers in Northwest Ethiopia: A multivariate probit regression analysis approach
Get PDFVegetable farming plays a vital role in generating income for a significant portion of rural households in Ethiopia. However, facilitating access to markets and ensuring active market participation remains a key challenge for onion producers. Given the perishable nature of onions, selecting appropriate marketing outlets is essential. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing onion producers' choices of marketing outlets. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to select kebeles and farm households, resulting in a sample of 155 respondents. Both primary and secondary data were collected to fulfil the study’s objectives. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a multivariate probit regression model. The analysis showed that 77.42% of households were sold to wholesalers, 25.51% to rural collectors, 67.74% to retailers, and 74.19% to consumers. Statistical results indicated that choices between wholesaler and rural collector, consumer and rural collector, and retailer and wholesaler outlets were negatively and significantly correlated, suggesting competitive relationships. In contrast, the choice between retailer and rural collector outlets exhibited a positive and significant correlation, indicating a complementary relationship. The results from the multivariate probit model revealed that decisions regarding market outlet selection were significantly influenced by several factors, including the quantity of onions produced, household head’s education level, family size, cooperative membership, past onion prices, market distance, frequency of extension service contact, and access to credit. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers and stakeholders prioritize the development of rural-urban infrastructure, improve access to agricultural credit, and enhance both formal and informal education to better support onion producers’ market participation
