Ethiopian Journals Online (EJOL)
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TEACHING IN ACTION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF TEACHING STYLES AMONG STUDENT TEACHERS
No full textThis paper reports on an observational study oftwenty student-teachers. The purpose was to assess the natureof classroom interactions and examine the findings in the lightof previous research outcomes. Pertinent classroom datafromclassrooms of student-teachers during their student teachingpractice sessions were critically examined. Results indicatedthat the classrooms transactions were limited to narrowquestions, narrow lectures and student responses. Hence,these components were found to represent the ingredients on. which language teaching was based in the classrooms of thestudent-teachers
Teaching-Learning Approaches and Practices in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church (EOTC) Schools (Ye’Abinet Timhirt Betoch): Implications for Pedagogical Skills in Ethiopian Higher Education
No full textThe study aims to explore the EOTC Schools' (i.e., Ye'abnet Timhirt Betoch) teaching and learning approaches and practices that could be useful for Higher Education Institutions. To carry out the study, a qualitative approach was used, and both primary and secondary data sources were utilized. Key informants for the primary data were selected using a purposive sampling technique that considered their expertise and experience in teaching and learning in the EOTC Schools. Thus, amongst the school types in EOTC, both Qinie Bet (School of Poetry) and Metsaheft Bet (School of Books) were visited. This was because the teachers and the students in the schools had the experience of learning and teaching in other school types. Three data-gathering instruments, namely, interview, FGD, and observation, were employed as primary data-gathering tools. Similarly, books, journals, and educational policies were utilized as secondary data sources. The findings revealed different kinds of teaching and learning approaches and practices in EOTC schools which help learners create successful learning and teaching environments and opportunities, and this can contribute to improving the quality of higher education in Ethiopia. Further studies are recommended to be made into Ye'abnet Timhirt Betoch to benefit Ethiopian Higher Education at large
Challenges, opportunities and strategies for the establishment of beekeeping inputs producing enterprises in Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Get PDFThis study was conducted to investigate the challenges, opportunities and strategies for the establishment of beekeeping input-producing enterprises in Amhara region, Ethiopia. In this study, a total of 135 women beekeepers household surveys, 33 key informants, and 18 focus groups were addressed to collect primary data. Moreover, additional data was collected through researchers’ observation and secondary data. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package while qualitative data were analyzed by thematic analysis method. The study showed that women have come to own an average of 5.18, 2.04, and 2.38 honey bee colonies in traditional, transitional and modern hives respectively. Moreover, 15.2% of the respondent beekeepers have confirmed that they have started beekeeping with the support from Oxfam. The results showed that 47.04% of the respondents have evidenced that the beekeeping inputs in use are obtained from Oxfam followed by beekeepers themselves. Furthermore, 80%, 77.8% and 82.2% of Mecha, Dangila and Guangua respondents respectively have explained that the cost of most beekeeping inputs is expensive. On the other hand, 75.6%, 55.5% and 62.2% of Mecha, Dangila and Guangua, respective, women respondents have confirmed that there will not be a market problem if a beekeeping input-producing enterprise is established in their area. Lack of access, high cost and sometimes qualities of inputs have been identified as challenges that women beekeepers are facing in the areas. However, encouraging market demand, increasing the number of beekeepers, availability of raw materials used in input production, and important support from Oxfam are identified potential opportunities in the study areas. As healthy beekeeping is necessary for both improvements in the productivity and health of agricultural and natural ecosystems, everyone anywhere shall better consider the support from sustainable and demand-driven input- producing enterprises
Resilience and Resistance of Ethiopian Heroines: A Feminist Reading of Meaza Mengiste’s The Shadow King
No full textThis article analyzes female protagonists in Maaza Mengiste’s novel The Shadow King (2019). The researcher gives a textual analysis of female characters based on a theoretical framework of post-structural feminist theories. The article critically explores the female characters’ subjectivity, sexuality, and agency. The framework of analysis is drawn from the concepts of subjectivity, agency, and sexuality. The study reveals that female characters in the selected novel are conscious of their selfhood and take pride in their identity. Despite being victims of rape and domestic violence, these women recognize their worth and are resolute in defending their country’s sovereignty by aligning with male patriots. They appear to defy the common stereotypes of female characters because they are assertive and assume agency. Biological differences and sexual abuse do not also seem to deter them from demonstrating that they have the power to excel in roles that tradition has ascribed only to men. The findings also reveal that exploring the female characters’ agency and sexuality throws new light on readers’ perceptions of the characters in the selected novel. They stand out in the novel because they have a voice, are selfconscious, and are capable of decision–making. They have individuality
የኡሌዎች ትዕምርታዊ ውክልና በድሬ ሼኽ ሁሴን መካነ ቅርስ
No full textየዚህ ጥናት አብይ ዓላማ በድሬ ሼኽ ሁሴን መካነ ቅርስ የመንፈሳዊ ሙዚቃ ከዋኞች ያላቸውን ማህበረ-ባህላዊ እና መንፈሳዊ ውክልና መተንተን ነው። የድሬ ሼኽ ሁሴን መካነ ቅርስ በምስራቅ ባሌ ዞን ጎሎልቻ ወረዳ፣ አናጂና ቀበሌ የሚገኝ ኃይማኖታዊ ስፍራ ነው። በመካነ ቅርሱ በሚከበሩ በዓላት ላይ የተለያዩ መንፈሳዊ ሙዚቃዎችን የሚከውኑ ባለሙያዎች ‹‹ኡሌ›› በሚል የማዕረግ ስም ይጠራሉ። በጥናቱም፤ ኡሌዎች ያላቸው ማህበረ-ባህላዊ እና መንፈሳዊ ደረጃ ምንድን ነው? ኡሌዎች በመካነ ቅርሱ ማህበረሰብ ዘንድ ያላቸው ሚና ምንድን ነው? የኡሌነት የማዕረግ እውቅና አሰጣጥ ሂደቶች ምንድን ናቸው? የኡሌዎች ማህበራዊ፣ ባህላዊና መንፈሳዊ ደረጃቸውን በትዕምርቶች እንዴት ያፀናሉ? ለሚሉ የምርምር ጥያቄዎች መልስ የሚሰጥ ነው። የዚህ ጥናት ዋና አነሳሽ ምክንያት በመንፈሳዊ ሙዚቃ ከዋኞች ላይ የጥናት ዘርፍ ላይ ያለውን ክፍተት በተወሰነ ደረጃ መሙላት ነው። ለጥናቱም ምልከታ እና ቃለመጠይቅ የመረጃ መሰብሰቢያ ዘዴዎች ተግባራዊ ተደርገዋል። መረጃ ሰጪዎችን ለመምረጥ የጠቋሚ ናሙና ዘዴ ተግባራዊ ተደርጓል። የተሰበሰቡ መረጃዎች ያላቸውን ትርጉም በፍከራ ለማሳየት የባህል ካፒታል እና የክወና ንድፈሃሳቦች ጥቅም ላይ ውለዋል። ኡሌዎች በመካነ ቅርሱ ማህበረሰብ ዘንድ የሰው ልጅን ከምናባዊው መንፈሳዊ ዓለም ጋር አገናኝ በመሆን የድልድይ ትዕምርት እንዳላቸው ጥናቱ ያሳያል። በድሬ ሼኽ ሁሴን የኡሌነት ማዕረግ የሚሰጠው በሕዝቡ ተሳትፎ፣ ፍላጎትና ዕውቅና መሰረት መሆኑ ከዋኞቹን የተቋማዊ የባህል ካፒታሎች ባለቤት እንዲሆኑ ምክንያት እንደሆነ ጥናቱ ያሳያል
The Myth of the Culturally and Ethnically Neutral State: How Should the Ethiopian State Respond to the Ethnic and Cultural Differences of its Citizens?
No full textThis paper addresses the challenge of organizing the public sphere in the multi-national society of Ethiopia. The author argues that since human beings are encumbered selves, the governing structure of the public sphere should be responsive to these encumbrances and should be informed by people's identities and notions of truth. In Ethiopia, there is a general agreement among academics that the state should not disregard cultural and linguistic identities. However, there is no consensus on how to respond to ethnic concerns. Some argue that federalism based on geographic convenience can sustain the various identities of citizens without compromising other concerns and demands. Others contend that institutionalizing ethnicity is necessary to address the inherent right to self-government of various nations and ethnic groups. In this paper, it is intended to show that there are compelling reasons to maintain the federation that institutionalizes ethnicity. This is because ethnic identities and cultures are important components of citizens' encumbered selves, and as such, such identities should inform the governing structure of the public sphere. The paper uses both secondary and primary sources of data, including unstructured interviews and discussions with key informants. It highlights the importance of acknowledging and accommodating the cultural and ethnic identities of citizens while also considering other concerns and demands. The study recommends further investigations into the merits and demerits of the territorial design of federation, as this is a complex issue that requires careful consideration. Overall, this paper contributes to the ongoing debate on how multinational societies should organize their public sphere. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing and accommodating the cultural and identity attachments of citizens, which are integral components of their personhood. The study recommends that policymakers consider these factors when designing the governing structure of the public sphere in order to ensure that it is responsive to the needs and concerns of all citizens
የጉዶ ኬሶ ሀገረሰባዊ እምነት ክዋኔ ትንተና በሸካቾ ብሔረሰብ: Analysis of the Gudo Kesoo Folk Belief Performance in the Sheko Ethnic Group
No full textየዚህ ጥናት ዓላማ የጉዶ ኬሶ ሀገረሰባዊ እምነት ሥርዓተ ክዋኔን መተንተን ነው፡፡ ዓላማውን ለማሳካት፤ የጉዶ ኬሶ ሀገረሰባዊ እምነት ሥርዓተ ክዋኔ ሂደት ምን ይመስላል? ለምንስ ይከወናል? በጉዶ ኬሶ ክዋኔ ላይ የሚቀርቡ ቴክስቶች፣ ቁሶችና ድርጊቶች ምን አይነት ትዕምርት አላቸው? ጉዶ ኬሶ በመከወኑ የሚገኘው ጥቅምና ባይከወን ሊደርስ የሚችለው ጉዳት እንዴት ይገለጻል? የሚሉ የምርምር ጥያቄዎች ተነስተው በጥናቱ መልስ አግኝተዋል፡፡ ጥናቱ በባህሪው ዓይነታዊ (Qualitative) ምርምር ሲሆን ምልከታ፣ ቃለ መጠይቅና የቡድን ውይይትን በመረጃ መሰብሰቢያነት ተጠቅሟል፡፡ የተሰበሰቡ መረጃዎች ያላቸውን ትርጉም ለመፈከር የክዋኔ መርና የትዕምርት ንድፈ ሀሳቦች ጥቅም ላይ ውለዋል፡፡ ጥናቱ የሀገረሰባዊ እምነቱን ክዋኔ፣ የክዋኔውን ተከታታይና ተለጣጣቂ ሁነቶችን ለመተንተን ገላጭ (Descriptive) የመረጃ መተንተኛ ዘዴን ተከትሏል፡፡ የጉዶ ኬሶ ሀገረሰባዊ እምነት ለፈጣሪ (Yerochi) ከፍ ባለ ተራራ ላይ የሚቀርብ የመስዋዕት ሥርዓተ ክዋኔ ነው፡፡ የሸካቾ ብሔረሰብ በጉዶ ኬሶ ሀገረሰባዊ እምነት ክዋኔ አማካኝነት፤ የአካባቢው ሰላም እንይናጋ ፣ ጤና ደህንነቱ እንዳይቃወስ፣ ከፈጣሪው ጋር ያለው መልካም ግንኙነት እንዳይበላሽ፣ ማህበራዊና ባህላዊ አኗኗሩ እንዳይሳከር፣ ሰማይ ምድሩ እንዲታረቅ፣ እህል ገንዘቡ ረድኤት እንዲወርድበት፣ እንስሳቱ እንዲረቡ፣ ወተት እሸቱ እንዲበረክት የሚለማመንበትና ስነ ምህዳሩን የሚያስጠብቅበት ስርዓተ ክዋኔ እንደሆነ ጥናቱ አመላክቷል፡፡
The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of Gudo Kesoo Folk Belief in the Sheko ethnic group. To achieve this purpose, the following research questions were posited and answered in the process of this study. What is the process in performing Gudo Kesoo folk belief? Why do the people perform it? What kind of symbols do the texts, materials, and actions presented on Gudo Kesoo's performance have? What are the benefits of performing Gudo Kesoo, and what are the adverse influences of not performing Gudo Kesoo? These research questions were raised and answered in the study. The study employed a qualitative research approach. To collect data, three data-gathering tools, namely observation, interview, and focus group discussion, were utilized. Performance and symbolism theories were used to interpret the data collected from the field. The study followed a descriptive data analysis method to analyze the performance of the folk belief and the processes of the events in the performance. The folk belief of Gudo Kesoo is a ritual ceremony offered to the Creator (Yerochi) on a high mountain. It has been found out that the Shekacho nation celebrates the Gudo Keso ritual ceremony with the belief that it keeps the local peace, health, and safety, and it has a good relationship with the Creator. They also perform the ritual so that the social and cultural lifestyle will not be ruined, the grain and the money will be blessed, the sky and the earth will be reconciled, the animals will grow, the milk and new products will become abundant, and the ecosystem will be protected.
 
Unveiling the Challenges of Corruption and Academic Dishonesty in Ethiopia: An Overview of the Nature, Magnitude, Consequences, and the Way Forward
No full textThe paper examines the challenges that Ethiopia is facing in systemic corruption and education sector academic dishonesty (cheating), and the links between the two and the deleterious effect on the quality of education and the production of competent human power. Corruption in general and academic dishonesty in particular are spreading in Ethiopia. The objectives of this study are to present the highlights of the findings of a National Corruption Perception Survey conducted in 2021 and the synthesis of nine empirical studies on academic dishonesty in Ethiopia, published in the past ten years. The overwhelming majority of the participants (i.e 80% of 6,627) have indicated that corruption is widely prevalent in all sectors, including the education sector, though land and revenue administration, municipalities, the judiciary, and police are reported to be more corrupted than others. As further corroboration of the situation of corruption in the education sector, focusing on academic dishonesty, the empirical studies reviewed indicate that cheating in examinations, plagiarism, recruitment of weak teachers, falsification of qualifications/documents, favoritism or nepotism in the assessment of students are widely prevalent in high schools and higher education institutions in Ethiopia. Researchers have widely reported that academic dishonesty has a positive relationship with workplace dishonesty
