e-Journal BSK Hukum
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Hak Suaka versus Kedaulatan: Studi Kasus Pencari Suaka Etnis Rohingya
No full textThe right to asylum is a fundamental right under international law. Despite its fundamental nature, there are still numerous challenges to protect this right. The main challenge is sovereignty, which is the primary basis for the state in determining the one permitted to live on its own territory. The complicacy that the Rohingya underwent in seeking asylum in other countriesis clear evidence of this problem. Rohingya isrecognized as one of the world's most persecuted minorities, grappling with decades of systematic atrocities. This paper aims to take a closer look at the problems of the right to asylum by answering questions about the challenges Rohingya faced. The study was conducted by juridical method to investigate the right of asylum problems through the experience of the Rohingya. As a result, the Rohingyas encounter a number of challenges in seeking and enjoying their right to asylum. These include denial of access to cross borders, forced deportation, denial of access to procedures to verify refugee status, use of voluntary repatriation as a pretext for withdrawing asylum, use of legal means to expel asylum seekers, and use of non-entre'e mechanisms.Hak suaka merupakan hak dasar yang diakui oleh hukum internasional. Terlepas dari pentingnya hak ini, masih terdapat tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pemenuhan hak ini. Salah satunya adalah kedaulatan negara, yang menjadi dasar dalammenentukan siapa saja yang diizinkan untuk tinggal dalam wilayah teritorial suatu negara. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Etnis Rohingya dalam mencari suaka di negara lain merupakan bukti nyata permasalahan ini. Rohingya diakui sebagai one of the world's most persecuted minorities, yang menghadapi beragam kekejaman sistematis sejak beberapa dekade yang lalu. Tulisan ini membahas tentang problematika hak untuk mendapatkan suaka dengan menjawab pertanyaan apakah bentuk tantangan yang dihadapi oleh Etnis Rohingya dalam mencari suaka. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode yuridis dengan melihat pengalaman etnis Rohingya untuk mengetahui problematika hak suaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa terlepas dari adanya hak suaka, hak untuk memberikan suaka merupakan hak negara yang bersumber dari kedaulatan negara. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, terdapat beragam tantangan etnis Rohingya dalam mencari dan menikmati hak suaka. Bentuk-bentuk tantangan yang dihadapi oleh etnis Rohingya meliputi penolakan akses untuk melintasi perbatasan, pengusiran paksa, penolakan akses ke prosedur untuk memverifikasi status pengungsi, penggunaan repatriasi sukarela sebagai dalih untuk penarikan suaka, penggunaan sarana legal untuk mengusir pencari suaka, dan penggunaan mekanisme non-entre'e
Realitas Masyarakat Papua dalam Distorsi Representasi Media: Analisis Media Baru
No full textMedia portrayals towards minorities result in implications towards how society as a whole views them. This paper questions how the media representation of Papua reflects the reality of their socio-political situation and what the implications of said representations are. Based on secondary data analysis towards Indonesian media's portrayals of Papua, including but not limited to its' constituents and environment, this paper seeks to understand based on new media theories of social reality how the media portrayals of Papua have impacts towards the socio-political experience of Papuans in Indonesians, and Indonesians towards Papuans. The results obtained by the analysis indicate that media employs stereotypical and surface level portrayals of Papua in a way that dismisses the structural issues Papuans are facing. Those results show that media representation plays an integral part towards manufacturing discrimination towards Papuans, leading towards this paper's recommendations that calls for increased pressure towards demanding that the damages caused by false media portrayals of Papua were to be rectified by responsible parties.Pemberitaan kelompok minoritas dalam media menghasilkan implikasi terhadap bagaimana suatu masyarakat memahami kelompok tersebut. Paper ini mempertanyakan bagaimana representasi media terhadap Papua merefleksikan kenyataan kondisi sosio-politik dari masyarakat Papua dan implikasi dari pemberitaan tersebut. Menggunakan teori media baru, paper ini melakukan analisis berbasis data sekunder terhadap pemberitaan masyarakat dan lingkungan Papua. Hasil analisis menghasilkan penjelasan dari bagaimana gambaran Papua yang dihasilkan media mempengaruhi pengalaman sosio-politik antara masyarakat Papua dengan masyarakat lain di Indonesia. Kesimpulan analisis artikel ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemberitaan pengalaman masyarakat Papua menyembunyikan dan mengabaikan permasalahan struktural yang dialami masyarakat Papua oleh perlakuan negara. Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahwa refleksi media sangat berperan dalam menghasilkan diskriminasi terhadap masyarakat Papua. Berdasarkan penemuan tersebut, rekomendasi dari paper ini mendorong negara untuk bertanggung jawab dalam mengendalikan representasi masyarakat Papua
Urgensi Penghormatan Otonomi dan Hak Menerima Informasi Vaksinasi Covid-19 dalam Konteks Kewajiban Vaksinasi
No full textCurrently, the Covid-19 vaccination coverage is quite high, reaching 62%. Ironically, there are many rejection and inappropriate motivation in receiving vaccines. Enthusiasm for vaccination didn't represent the understanding regarding vaccination. Lack of understanding can be caused by limited or ineffective information. To describe the provision of information during the Covid-19 vaccination, a descriptive qualitative study was conducted with in-depth interviews with ten respondents. The data was analyzed by making coding and themes and compared with references. The results showed that four out of ten respondents didn't receive information prior to the Covid-19 vaccination. It was also found that the motivation to receive vaccines was only as an obligation and for using public facilities. On the other hand, vaccinators had limitations in providing information and only prioritize vaccination coverage. Without adequate information, receiving vaccine would be a mere compulsion. Respect for autonomy of vaccine recipients and rights to receive information as parts of human rights didn't work. The obligation to receive the Covid-19 vaccination in the context of a pandemic must respect the rights and autonomy of the community. Collaboration from the government and local leaders and structured coordination are needed so that the Covid-19 vaccination is accordance with ethical standards.Saat ini cakupan vaksinasi Covid-19 cukup tinggi, yaitu mencapai 62%. Ironisnya, penolakan terhadap vaksin dan motivasi yang kurang tepat dalam menerima vaksin masih banyak ditemukan. Antusiasme vaksinasi tidak berarti menggambarkan motivasi dan pemahaman yang benar terkait vaksinasi. Kurangnya pemahaman dapat disebabkan karena terbatasnya informasi yang benar atau penyampaian informasi tidak efektif. Untuk mengetahui gambaran pemberian informasi saat vaksinasi Covid-19 dilakukan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap sepuluh orang responden. Data dianalisa dengan membuat koding dan tema lalu dibandingkan dengan referensi dan teori yang memadai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat dari sepuluh responden tidak menerima informasi sebelum vaksinasi Covid-19. Ditemukan juga motivasi menerima vaksin hanya sebagai kewajiban dan syarat menggunakan fasilitas publik. Di sisi lain, vaksinator memiliki keterbatasan untuk memberikan informasi dan hanya mengutamakan tercapainya cakupan vaksinasi. Tanpa informasi tentang vaksinasi yang memadai, menerima vaksin akan menjadi keterpaksaan belaka. Penghormatan otonomi dan hak menerima informasi medis sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia tidak berjalan. Kewajiban menerima vaksinasi Covid-19 dalam konteks pandemi harus tetap menghormati hak dan otonomi masyarakat. Diperlukan kolaborasi dari pemerintah dan pemimpin setempat serta koordinasi terstruktur sehingga pelaksanaan vaksinasi Covid-19 tetap sesuai standar etika
Song and Music Information Systems as a Protection of Song Copyrights in Indonesia
No full textThe Indonesian government issues Regulation Government Number 56 of 2021 concerning Management Royalty Right Create Song and or Music as well as Regulation of the Minister of Law and Rights basic Man Number 20 of 2021 concerning Regulation Implementation Regulation Government Number 56 of 2021 concerning Management Royalty Right Create Song and or Music as regulation implementation from Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Right Create. One points urgent from second regulation the is mandate formation and development System Information Song and or Responsible music answer on administration and management royalty right create on songs and music used by users as a system integrated information. System Information Song and or Music is one effort government for give protection law on right create songs and music owned by creator. This post will use method study qualitative with approach descriptive comparing evaluation existence System Information Song and or Relative music new in Indonesia with practice international, in Thing this is United States of America as a country with industry music largest and commercialization. right create digital song has been recognized by wide
Publications of the Identity of Children in Conflict with the Law on the Official Site of the Indonesian Supreme Court Decision Directory
No full textProtection of children's rights in conflict with the law (ABH) is a state obligation. The protection aims to ensure the best interests of the child and to prevent discrimination. As stated in Article 19 of Law Number 11 of 2012, one of the rights is that law enforcement institutions are not allowed to publish the identities of ABH, either in print/ electronic media. However, their identities are still revealed in various Decisions of children's cases. Particularly, their identity is published on the Site of the Supreme Court's Ruling Directory. The purpose of this study is to find out why the Supreme Court Decision Directory Site does not keep the identity of ABH a secret and what are the implications. This research used a socio-legal approach. The results of the study show the management team did not understand their main tasks and rules of protecting the identity of ABH, inconsistency in checking copies of court decisions, ineffective monitoring, and only a handful of people reported the case so this situation is considered normal. The implications of the children's identity disclosure have affected the rights of children, families, and applicable rules that do not provide legal certainty
Mental and Physical Capability as the Requirement for Indonesian Presidential Candidate: Legal Ratio and the Development of Regulation
No full textThe Third Amendment to the 1945 Constitution has regulated new requirements for presidential candidates. One of which is the requirement to be mentally and physically capable of carrying out the duties and obligations of the presidential office. This research aims to find the reason for formulating norms or legal ratio of the formation of such a requirement. The nature of this research is qualitative research using a normative-empirical and comparative approach. The results reveal several legal ratios of the requirement. First, the requirement is considered important because the president has the highest position within the governmental structures. Second reason refers to the close relation between health and decision-making matters, and the third demonstrates reasonable and justifiable limitations from the perspective of human rights. Comparison with several countries exposes that the requirement is fundamental since the president has dual functions, namely a head of state and a chief of government. This research also exhibits that the legal basis of the requirement is not in accordance with the 1945 Constitution since the existing regulation takes the form of the Decree of the General Election Commission. Therefore, this research recommends the appropriate legal basis to further regulate mental and physical requirements by law which regulates some fundamental principles dealing with such requirements
Conjugal Visit: Juridical Review of the Fulfillment of Inmates' Rights in the Correctional Perspective
No full textImprisonment as a loss of independence should only limit the inmates' freedom of movement in a correctional institution. This interpretation rises a discourse that the fulfillment of other rights of inmates must be guaranteed, including the right to fulfill their sexual needs. A term that is known globally in order to fulfill this right is called a conjugal visit. This study seeks to describe the urgency and prospects of conjugal visit for inmates in Indonesia. In addition, this study aims to provide an overview of the arrangement and implementation of conjugal visit. This legal research was normative legal research supported by the results of interviews with resource persons. The data obtained from the literature research were analyzed descriptive-qualitatively with a legal systematic approach and legal comparison. The results of this study indicate that sexual needs are one of the human rights. They are the inmates' basic needs that must be fulfilled. The failure to fulfill these basic needs will have a negative impact both physically and psychologically. Based on the theory of basic human needs, the rules of international law, namely the Nelson Mandela Rules and the Bangkok Rules, as well as national law, namely the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health, conjugal visit can actually be implemented in Indonesia with clear legal bases in Indonesian law. Establishment of regulations regarding conjugal visit is done by comparing practices in other countries and aligned withn the Legal System Theory. These countries have similar backgrounds to Indonesia and have implemented conjugal visit, namely Pakistan, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia
Initiating The ASEAN Arbitration Board as a Forum for Settlement of Investment Legal Disputes in The Framework of Integration of The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Region
No full textThe impact of liberalization and globalization of the world economy is that all countries in the ASEAN region, have become an area of a borderless economic community (AEC). This has triggered an increase in the foreign investment business and its legal disputes, which of course need legal certainty for dispute resolution. The parties must resolve it through general courts (litigation), or alternative dispute resolution out of court or arbitration (non-litigation). Therefore, it becomes a legal issue: what are the legal aspects of resolving legal disputes between the Indonesian government and foreign investors; and what efforts should be made to facilitate the settlement of investment law disputes, within the framework of regional integration of the ASEAN economic community? This study aims to analyze investment dispute resolution and the idea of establishing an MEA arbitration body as a forum for resolving investment legal disputes between business actors. This study uses a normative juridical method, which is based on library research to obtain secondary data, sourced from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The specifications of the analytical descriptive research describe the establishment of the MEA arbitration body and the potential positive impacts. The data analysis method used is juridical qualitative. The results of the study indicate that the development of investment business legal dispute resolution in the MEA area requires the AEC Arbitration Board as a forum for resolving investment disputes between business actors, mainly due to differences in legal systems between countries
Keadilan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Aksi Kamisan di Indonesia
No full textThe study aims to analyze "Thursday's struggle for action" in seeking justice for human rights. This research is a type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Techniques used to collect data uses observations, interviews, and searches of documents and archives. The subject of this study is a "Thursday Action" and determination of the study subject using Purposive. This study shows the struggle of the victims' families who never get tired, showing their longing related to the clarity provided by the government. Komnas HAM has recommended that there have been human rights violations against various cases of disappearances and acts of violence. There are indications that the perpetrators of human rights violations are not ordinary people. The state's commitment to resolving cases of human rights violations is a key variable in resolving stalled cases in the Attorney General's Office.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perjuangan aksi kamisan dalam mencari keadilan terhadap hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data menggunakan observasi (pengamatan), wawancara, dan penelusuran dokumen serta arsip. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan Aksi Kamisan dan penentuan subjek penelitian menggunakan Purposive. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan perjuangan para keluarga korban yang tidak pernah lelah, menunjukan kerinduan mereka berkaitan dengan kejelasan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah. Komnas HAM telah merekomendasikan bahwa telah terjadi pelanggaran hak asasi manusia terhadap berbagai kasus penghilangan orang dan tindak kekerasan. Ada indikasi bahwa pelaku pelanggaran hak asasi manusia merupakan bukan orang biasa. Komitmen negara untuk menyelesaikan kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia merupakan variabel kunci dalam menuntaskan kasus yang macet di Kejaksaan Agung
The Regulatory Status Analysis for Updating the Public Legal Awareness on Human Rights in Indonesia
No full textThis study contends that quantitative empirical legal research is instrumental in enhancing comprehension of public legal awareness regarding the implementation of human rights protection in Indonesia. Utilizing Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the study offers a flexible framework to explore the relationship between human rights ideals and key elements of the legal system as research variables. This research constitutes a literature review emphasizing the significance of empirical quantitative methods, particularly through the development of a path model termed Regulatory Status Analysis. In the proposed model, justice, certainty, and expediency are posited as independent variables representing fundamental legal ideals, while substantive law and legal structure serve as mediating variables within the legal framework. Through empirical testing, the path model elucidates the intricate connections among these variables, focusing on their impact on public awareness and compliance with legal norms safeguarding human rights. Findings indicate that substantive law significantly enhances awareness of legal obligations, whereas the influence of legal structure is minimal, possibly due to perceived inadequacies in enforcing laws against human rights violations. These empirical insights underscore the imperative of developing a robust human rights legal framework conducive to effective implementation and enforcement. By informing national and global legal scholarship, this research aims to guide policy-makers in refining legal systems that promote public awareness, compliance, and protection of human rights