Dataverse World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
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Replication data for: Human health and occupational exposure to pesticides among smallholder farmers in cotton zones of Côte d'Ivoire
No full textWhile precautionary efforts are being made to minimize human health problems associated with agricultural pesticides, the continued occurrence of occupational poisoning from these chemicals raises major concerns among stakeholders. Information gap on human health problems associated with pesticides poses major obstacles to making informed policy decisions, particularly in developing countries where most of the poisonings occurs. In this study, we identified acute human health symptoms associated with pesticide use in cotton zone of Côte d’Ivoire and, documented the response of rural households to the symptoms. The results show that cotton farmers in Cote d’Ivoire suffer from different occupational health hazards from expo-sure to agricultural pesticides. Key health symptoms reported by pesticide applicators are headache, rheum, cough, skin rash and sneezing. Pesticide applicators reported four times higher symptoms of ill health than other house- hold members who do not nor
mally handle pesticides. Although, households recognized pesticides as an important cause of ill health, some of the symptoms have been accepted as norm by individuals who apply pesticides. Official data on pesticide poisoning in the country is most likely to be seriously under-estimated as applicators visited formal health centers for medical assistance in only 2% of poisoning cases reported. There is a high likelihood that households in the study area under-estimated pesticide-related health costs in making farm production decision-making. Approaches to use economic instruments for reliable monitoring and reporting procedures to formulate appropriate policies and regulations to minimize exposure to pesticides are recommended. Health planners and policy makers should aim at reducing the risks posed by pesticide to farm households by, improving awareness of farmers; promote complementary approach (e.g. Integrated Pest Management) and, use of economic instruments and improved surveillance to bridge the gap in the documentation of pesticide poisoning cases among farmers
Influence du type de propagules de Dacryodes edulis sur les caractéristiques morphologiques des arbres et leur capacité de séquestration du carbone : Implications pour les opportunités de payement des services environnementauxedulis
No full textAfin de contribuer à la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique à travers le développement des systèmes de production rentables et durables, il était nécessaire d’étudier l’influence du type de propagules de Dacryodes edulis sur les caractéristiques morphologiques et la capacité de séquestration du carbone des plantations à base de safoutiers et d’en déduire les opportunités de Payement pour les Services Environnementaux (PES). La présente étude s’était effectuée d’Avril à Septembre 2011 dans les parcelles expérimentales du Centre Mondial pour l’Agroforesterie (ICRAF) à Mbalmayo. Les données étaient collectées d’une part sur les paramètres morphologiques et d’autre part sur la biomasse et la capacité de séquestration du CO2 par les différents peuplements à l’aide des équations allométrique de Chave et al. (2005). Il est ressorti des résultats obtenus que le nombre moyen de tiges par arbre était plus élevé dans les peuplements de marcottes et la hauteur moyenne de la première ramification était plus élevée dans les parcelles de semis (1,63 ± 0,529) par rapport aux boutures (1,402 ± 0,593) et aux marcottes (0,169 ± 0,394). Les valeurs moyennes de la biomasse, de la surface terrière, du stock de carbone et du CO2 atmosphérique séquestré sont plus élevés dans les populations de boutures (268,1 ± 191,3) par rapport aux populations de marcottes (217,4 ± 127,9) et de semis (131,0 ± 93,63). Toutefois, aucune différence significative n’a été observée entre le CO2 séquestré dans les peuplements de boutures et de marcotte (one-way MANOVA ; F2, 85 = 5,256 ; p = 0,569 > 5%). Les valeurs moyennes du diamètre et la hauteur du houppier dans chaque peuplement sont significativement (r = 0,606 ; P = 0,05) corrélées à la quantité de carbone séquestrée. Une évaluation des revenus potentiels que pourraient générer les peuplements à base des différents types de propagules a indiqué 129.595 Fcfa/ha, 105.085 Fcfa/ha et enfin 63.320 Fcfa/ha pour peuplements issus des boutures, des marcottes et des semis respectivement. En effet, les opportunités liées au Payement des Services Environnementaux via le Mécanisme de Développement Propre (MDP) augmentent avec la capacité de séquestration du carbone indiquant que les plantations d’arbres issus des boutures offriront plus d’opportunités de génération des revenus des services environnementaux que ceux issus d’autres types de propagules. Les résultats de cette étude pourraient orienter le choix des types de propagules qui permettraient d’accroitre les revenus générés aussi bien par les produits que les services issus de la domestication de Dacryodes edulis
Replication data for: Exotic tree species displace indigenous ones on farms at intermediate altitudes around Mount Kenya
No full textExotic tree species displace indigenous ones on farms at intermediate altitudes around Mount Kenya highlands and upper midlands, whereas indigenous species in the lower midlands and lowlands. As the frequencies of most indigenous trees were low, only parts of the surveyed farms can contribute to conservation of tree genetic resources, particularly the less intensively managed farms of the more arid lands. Farmers access to knowledge on valuable indigenous tree species and to quality seedlings of these trees need to be improved to increase indige- nous species frequencies on farms and possibly to replace some of the exotic species in the future
Replication data for: Analyse de la chaîne de valeur de Gnetum africanum auprès des vendeurs des marchés Gambela et Pascal à Kinshasa
No full textIdentifier les vendeurs de Gnetum africanum opérant sur les marchés Gambela et Pascal à Kinshasa et les répartir en fonction de leur profil social (sexe, niveau d’étude, statut matrimonial, composition du ménage, profession, ancienneté dans la pratique de vente, etc.), telle est l'investigation menée par Apollinaire Biloso Moyene, John Mafolo, Ann Degrande et Zac Tchoundjeu. L'objectif de cette enquête est de connaître
les profils majoritaires sur ces deux marchés, déterminer les contraintes liées à cette activité commerciale, mettre au point quelques stratégies opérationnelles visant à pérenniser l’activité – comme la vulgarisation des techniques de transformation post-récolte –, et estimer la rentabilité commerciale de la vente et l'affectation socioéconomique du revenu de la part des vendeurs
Burung-Burung Agroforest di Sumatera: Panduan Lapang
No full textThe book is a field guideline to identify birds (avifauna) with colourful images. The book describes characters of 88 species of avifauna (birds) found in several land use types in Sumatra, e.g. North Sumatra, Jambi and Lampung provinces, in particular
Replication data for: Farmers' preferences for tree functions and species in the West African Sahel
No full textParkland agroforests are mixtures of trees and shrubs that farmers select for certain functions and cultivate together with staple food crops. In the West African Sahel, parkland trees and shrubs provide essential products and services for rural communities, and thereby contribute to poverty alleviation and food security. The principal products include wood for energy, construction, furniture, household and farm implements; fruits and leaves for food; numerous traditional medicines; fibers for roofs, mats and fencing. Environmental services of parkland trees and shrubs, such as soil and water conservation, are crucial because the region is semi‐arid and the soils are generally infertile. A participatory project to improve the management and productivity of native tree and shrub species in parkland agroforests was initiated in the West African Sahel in 2006. The first major activity was to determine farmers’ preferences for tree functions and the priority species for these functions. In this paper, we present results of preference surveys conducted in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger and Senegal
Influence of clone provenance, branch diameter and positioning on the rooting ability of Dacryodes edulis macot in sourthen Cameroon.
No full textIn the process of participatory domestication of agroforestry species, one of the objectives is the conservation of genotype of fruit trees commonly used by local people and the overpower of their reproductive system. For this, techniques of vegetative propagation (tissue culture, grafting, cuttings and air layering) are applied
to those species which include the safou (Dacryodes edulis "G. Don" HJ Lam.) (Burseraceae), which is a forest tree native to tropical and equatorial Africa. It plays an undeniable role in the lives of Farmers. In addition to its fruit eaten as a food supplement, its wood is used for heating and contribution of traditional medicine should not be overlooked. The objective of this work is to identify clones that are better suited for air layering and assess the effect of the diameter of the marcots on its ability to take root. To achieve these objectives, 12 clones and two diameter classes (2-3 cm and 3-5 cm) were tested in this trial conducted following a randomized complete block
Biomass potential of trees in various land uses system in Cameroon humid forest.
No full textThis study was carried out in 2011 to determine tree biomass potential on different land use in southern Cameroon. Parameters measured for this study were: Dbh of trees above 30cm in diameter, geo spatial data recorded, plot history and description of biomass potential assessments, dead organic biomass, biomass potential of agroforestry landuse system, soil carbon variability, under storey biomass, biomass potential of 5 to 30 cm DBH trees, root biomass potential and soil carbon content
Replication data for: The influence of seed and oil storage on the acid levels of rubber seed oil, derived from Hevea Brasiliensis grown in Xishuangbanna, China
No full textHigh acid levels, characteristic of rubber seed oil (RSO), limit RSO use in biodiesel production. The aims of this study were to determine the causes of these high acid levels by investigating what affects the storage of rubber seeds and RSO had on the acid levels. Two storage conditions/methods were evaluated, one representing a proposed storage method (SM 1), the other mimicking storage conditions characteristic to the Xishuangbanna region (SM 2). Furthermore, RSO storage was evaluated by testing RSO acid levels over a 2-month period, under standard storage conditions. Seeds from SM 2 displayed increased seed pile temperatures, higher levels of Mildew infection, lower seed oil content and higher acid levels. Low seed oil content and high acid values of SM 2 were resultant of the high Mildew infection and increased seed pile temperatures. In addition, a critical value of 90% relative humidity of seed piles was identified, above which Mildew infection increased sharply. Storage of crude RSO resulted in increased acid values. This data shows that in order to reduce high acid values, seed pile temperature, humidity and Mildew infections need to be kept to a minimum, as well as the storage time of the seeds and the RSO
Western Kenya Integrated Ecosystem Management Project (WKIEMP) Ex Post Household Survey
No full textThis study assessed the economic impact of the WKIEMP project on households in the Nyando and Yala river basins of Western Kenya. The survey included 362 households which together formed three groups – those formally involved in WKIEMP, those informally involved in WKIEMP and those not involved in WKIEMP. The data captured included variables on household characteristics and details of adoption behaviour of the interventions offered by the project. Further analyses in the paper modelled the adoption into impacts using a 20 year time horizon. From that model, benefit cost ratios, internal rates of return and net present values were calculated. These showed that there was a positive impact of the project before adding in additional carbon benefits. The analysis then contributed to an overall assessment of the project by the World Bank