Canadian Studies in Population (Journal)
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Socioeconomic correlates of utilization of maternal health services by tribal women in India
No full textBased on two waves of the National Family Health Surveys of India, this paper studies the effect of maternal characteristics on women’s likelihood of using prenatal and delivery healthcare services among two groups of tribal women. Results show that tribal women in the northeastern states of India are more likely to utilize maternal healthcare facilities compared to those in the central states of the country. Women who work are less likely to utilize healthcare services. The findings call for different strategies for the implementation of healthcare services in different tribal regions of the country
The Connection between Low Income, Weak Labour Force Attachment and Poor Health
No full textUsing 1994-2004 data from the National Population Health Survey, this paper
sheds light on the health situation of working-age Canadians and tests the
connection between low income, weak labour force attachment and poor health using logistic regressions. Results indicate that persistently poor or weakly employed Canadians are in much poorer health than other Canadians, and that being persistently poor increases the probability of experiencing deterioration in health as much as being in poor health increases the probability of becoming poor, but that being persistently unemployed has an even stronger impact on health status
Cohort Working Life Tables for Older Canadians
No full textWe construct cohort working life tables for Canadian men and women aged 50
and older and, for comparison, corresponding period tables. The tables are
derived using annual single-age time series of participation rates for 1976-2006
from the master files of the Statistics Canada Labour Force Survey. The cohort
calculations are based on stochastic projections of mortality coupled with
alternative assumptions about future participation rates. Separate tables are
provided for the years 1976, 1991, and 2006, thus spanning a period of
substantial gains in life expectancy and strong upward trends in female
participation. Life expectancies based on the cohort tables are greater than
those based on the period tables, for both men and women, and that is reflected in increased retirement expectancies. For example, a male aged 50 in 1976 could have expected to live three years longer and to have almost four more years in retirement, based on the male cohort table under medium assumptions, as compared with the corresponding period table
A Microsimulation Model to Study the Interaction between Fertility and Union Formation and Dissolution: An Application to Canada and Quebec
No full textUnion formation and dissolution are among the main determinants
explaining variations in fertility. Compared to the rest of Canada, Quebec’s marital histories are more complex and its prevalence of common-law unions much higher. The objective of this article is to examine the role of marital behaviours on fertility by comparing different indicators of fertility and conjugal life that were obtained through microsimulation. Parameters of the microsimulation model were estimated from hazard regressions performed on the marital and fertility histories collected in two retrospective longitudinal surveys: the Canadian General Social Survey (GSS) 2001 and 2006. Results show
that the more complex marital histories of Quebecers can explain more than one-quarter of their fertility differences with the rest of the country
Fertility in the Age of Demographic Maturity: An Essay
No full textAs humanity is moving into a new age of its demographic evolution, I call
it demographic maturity, the emerging demographic configurations –
generational sub-replacement fertility, advanced aging and potential
population implosion – call for new ways of thinking about population
and new policy approaches. While we live longer and healthier, we also
reproduce less and less. We are stuck in a culture of low fertility. The
strong motivations for foregoing motherhood are financial: a two-salary
wage is better than one even for the higher middle class. No less important is the woman’s financial independence in a societal environment where marriage as an institution is under considerable stress. Motherhood is to be rewarded adequately for its highly important social role and it has to be sufficient to reassure potential mothers of their financial concerns. What is required is a more balanced resource allocation between production and reproduction. The old welfare type hand-outs like child bonuses do not work. Societies, particularly the rich, ought to realize that to raise fertility, even to generational replacement level, not only is a much greater financial effort called for but some of the tenants of the liberal economy need to be put into question to make room for social concerns such a renewal of generations, if they want to survive as national entities. This essay advocates a stationary population as the best response to challenges such as ecological health, national identity and cohesion, and possibly world peace
Status of Women and Fertility in Pakistan
No full textAs argued, low status of women is associated with high fertility. Yet, it is the
most neglected area in fertility studies because of measurement complications. The concept itself needs clarification since there is no universal definition. Despite these complications, utilizing fourteen theory driven indicators, this study attempts to measure the status of women in Pakistan and examines its relationship with fertility. Structural Equation Models are used to measure status and Path Models to examine its association with fertility. The results confirm a negative association between status of women and fertility in Pakistan
