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CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF FIRST MARITAL DISSOLUTION: A CASE STUDY OF JIDDA WOREDA IN NORTH SHEWA ZONE OROMIYA REGIONAL STATE
No full textAlthough marital dissolution has become an important subject of population studies, sociology, demographic and psychological research in Ethiopia, there are few researches done in Ethiopia in general and no research conducted in the Jidda woreda in particular. The main objective of this study was to assess the causes and consequence of first marital dissolution in Jidda woreda. The study has employed quantitative and qualitative data types from primary and secondary data sources. The Questionnaire was administered to 106 divorced informants. Also, the study used the experiences of divorcees from their own point of view by using the qualitative in-depth interview method with the combination of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) as well as key informant interviews. In case of the sampling method, simple random sampling was used to select 7(seven) sampling kebeles in the woreda, while 106 targeted divorcees were selected by purposive sampling. In the last five years (2013-2017) petition provided (657) for divorce and divorced (220) spouses data has been used as a point of observation. Result of study indicate that, causes of first marital dissolution includes financial problem, crime, argument on benefit sharing, migration for pursue of money, marriage without introduction, infidelity, dishonoring together, apprehend bad conduct, interference of external bodies and neglect community value are the main issues. Actually, 69.45% of the respondents have been agreed and 12.54% have been disagreed with factor reason for union dissolution. Also, marital dissolution has immense impact on the individual who have undergone through the divorce process that leads them to face various complexities such as pressure on remarriage, exposed to the sexually transmitted disease, isolated from social value, depression, unpleasant relationship and exposed to unsafe expenditure. Meanwhile, 73% and 25.7% of respondents have been agreed and disagreed respectively. Also, the occurrence of divorce is distracting the existed good relationships with the family, mental and health of children, and traditional values of the society. Therefore, the study has recommended that marital dissolution is not the best alternative for a couple by simple issue. Also, individual, religious leader, traditional mediators, social workers, government and Nongovernment organization have to commit and contributed to solve the problem
ASSESSMENT OF THE KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF WOMEN TOWARDS CERVICAL CANCER, THE CASE OF MEKELLE CITY, NORTHERN ETHIOPIA,ACOMMUNITY BASED STUDY
No full textCervical cancer is the 2nd most common female cancer in the women aged 15 to 44 years in the world. Every year, around 527,624 develop cervical cancer and 265,672 die from the disease, globally with about 84.6% (446, 546,) in developing countries. In Africa about 99,038 new cases of cervical cancer are recorded annually. In Ethiopia also 7,095 new cases are recorded and out of this, over 4,732 women die from the disease annually. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perception towards cervical cancer among women aged 15-49. Community based cross-sectional study design with quantitative method was conducted from December 2017 to May 2018 in Mekelle city. Multistage sampling technique was used to select women respondent. The quantitative data was collected by providing interview from 382 community participants .Health extension workers /who are diploma nurse was administered a questionnaire using face-to-face interviews. The data collection was supervised by trained supervisors. This finding shows 53.9% of the participants had sufficient knowledge about cervical cancer. After adjusting for covariates, having sufficient knowledge about cervical cancer was positively associated with mothers’ occupation and educational label. Respondents those who were Gov't employee AOR: 9.98; 95% CI were more likely to have sufficient knowledge about cervical cancer compared to those who were housewife and those who had some form of education were more likely to have sufficient knowledge. Women who attended preparatory AOR=68.808(12.011-394.190) and those who had secondary and above educational status AOR=10.191(2.040-50.913) were also more knowledgeable than those who were unable to read and write. In this finding majority of the respondents ever heard about cervical cancer, however almost half of them did not have sufficient knowledge. Specifically, the knowledge on risk factors, symptoms, prevention and treatment methods was not satisfactory. Education and screening program should be given integrated with ANC and family planning services and the screening program should extend to near community at health centers
ANALYSIES OF ERRORS INMECHANICS IN STUDENTS‘ WRITTEN WORK: GRADE 11 FRE SIWUAT SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS‘ IN FOCUS
No full textThe objective of this study was to analyze mechanics errors in grade 11students’ composition writing. The study was conducted at Fre Swuat Secondary School grade11 students in focus.To address the problem a descriptive survey research design was employed. To carry out the study, all the 7available English teachers were used together with 71 students using available sampling and simple random sampling techniques respectively. In order to attain the objectives writing test, document analysis, and semi-structured interview were used as data collection instruments. The writing test was applied to identify students’ composition writing ability in terms of mechanics (i.e. spelling capitalization and punctuation) and the common errors occurred frequently in the students’ composition writing. The document analysis was used to discover the sources of errors and the semi-structured interview was used to find out the sources and frequency of students errors. Moreover, all data collected using different tools were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The data which was collected using writing test was used to show the rater’s average score of the students’ composing ability in terms of mechanics and to analyze the errors obtained in the students’ composition by frequency, percentage and mean quantitatively. And the data that was gathered using document analysis and semi-structured interview was analyzed qualitatively. The study identified the components of mechanics (spelling, capitalization and punctuation)errors that students’ encounter. As a result according to the raters average score,Fre Siwuat Secondary school students composing ability was low (poor), Errors of capitalization, punctuation, together with omission, substitution, and addition of letters in words and sentences were severe errors observed in students’ compositions and documents. But from these errors, error of capitalization and punctuation had the highest frequency. And the causes of the students’ errors were found to be inter lingual and intra lingual transfer errors. Therefore, since using correct mechanics in students compositionis an ability that could be improved through adequate practice, thus Fre Siwuat secondary school students should be given chance of learning and exercising a lot on spelling, capitalization and punctuationto effectively use them to write in their compositions, assignments etc
Role of Small-Scale Irrigation on improving Food Security of Households A case study of two peasant Association Tabia Maytuem and Betyehannes in Adwa district, Tigray Regional state
No full textFood insecurity in the world has been addressed as one of the biggest problems for over several decades due to the result of high population. Ethiopia’s agriculture is dominated by small-scale rain-fed production and irregular rainfall pattern. Small-scale irrigation is believed in helping to address this problem thereby reducing rural poverty, food insecurity as well as improving the overall contribution of agriculture to the national economy. The main objective of this study was to investigate role of small scale irrigation user’s on improving food security of households in Adwa Rural District (Tabia Maytuem and Betyehannes). Data was collected from 195 household, 80 irrigation users and 80 non-users, 24 for group discussion, 6 key informative and 5 agricultural experts. Two Tabia was stratified into two strata and random sampling technique was employed to select the sample respondents. According to the findings, small-scale irrigation were very important to increase their yields, income, to keep their health, teach their children, and help their economy gained by rain-fed. The households are interested in getting advice of agricultural experts in order to do highly in irrigation. When compared household’s food security improvement who practice irrigation and non-irrigated lands, there was a great difference of diet diversity between the two groups. Irrigators gain alternative and fresh food than non-irrigators; as a result, irrigators’ health was better than non-irrigators because non-irrigators’ can be affected by deficiency diseases. The researcher obtained different factors that influence small scale irrigation schemes on the improvement of food security like, incomplete infra-structure, shortage of water, fertilizer, medicine, link to marketing, genetically modified crops, vegetables, legumes, fruits, rules of water financing committee, drought, awareness, advise, work-shops, sharing experiences and commitment. Finally, it was recommended that governmental and non-governmental organization should expand access of small- scale irrigation by farm households to improve their food security
UNDERSTANDING GEOMAGNETIC STORM IN RELATION TO THE SUNSPOT NUMBER DURING SOLAR CYCLE 24 AND 25
No full textGeomagnetic storms, caused by disturbances in Earth’s magnetosphere due to solar activity, are significant drivers of space weather and have profound effects on technological systems and infrastructure. This study investigates the relationship between geomagnetic storms and sunspot numbers, a primary indicator of solar activity, during solar cycles 24 and 25. Solar cycle 24, marked by historically low sunspot numbers and subdued solar activity, contrasts with solar cycle 25, which is projected to exhibit increased solar intensity. The research employs a multi-faceted approach, analyzing data from solar wind parameters, interplanetary magnetic fields, and geomagnetic indices such as Dst and Kp. Through statistical analysis and correlation studies, it examines the influence of sunspot number variations on the frequency, intensity, and duration of geomagnetic storms. Additionally, the study explores the distinct characteristics of geomagnetic activity during these two solar cycles, identifying key patterns and trends. By establishing a clearer understanding of the connection between sunspot numbers and geomagnetic storms, this research contributes to the development of more accurate predictive models for space weather events. These findings hold significant implications for improving preparedness and mitigation strategies to safeguard satellite operations, communication systems, and power grid stability against space weather impacts