Texas Journal of Medical Science
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Impact Of Pulmonary Fibrosis on The Structure of The Small Intestine
Get PDFPulmonary fibrosis, a progressive and debilitating lung disease, has long been the focus of extensive research due to its impact on respiratory function. However, emerging studies have unveiled a lesser-explored facet of this disease: its influence on extrapulmonary organs. This article delves into the uncharted territory of the impact of pulmonary fibrosis on the structure of the small intestine. Through a comprehensive review of experimental data and clinical observations, it becomes evident that pulmonary fibrosis is not merely confined to the lungs. Rather, it exerts a multifaceted influence on the small intestine, leading to structural alterations, impaired nutrient absorption, and a cascade of systemic effects. Understanding this interplay between the lung and the intestine is pivotal for a holistic comprehension of pulmonary fibrosis and opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting extrapulmonary manifestation
Modern Therapy of Viral Hepatitis
Get PDFViral hepatitis (VH) is a large group of diseases that differ in etiology, epidemiology, and clinical presentation with predominant liver damage. Currently, the following independent forms of VG are known, which are usually denoted by letters of the Latin alphabet: A, B, C, D, E, G, TTV. The greatest importance for practical health care is represented by hepatitis with parenteral (or hemocontact) infection and, above all, hepatitis caused by viruses B, C, D. This is due to the fact that when infected with these viruses, the course of the disease is usually more severe than with hepatitis A and E, lightning-fast (malignant) infections are possibl
The role of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in the prevention and treatment of chronic heart failure after acute myocardial infarction
Get PDFThis review article examines the role of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (AMP) in the treatment of heart failure (CH) in patients who have suffered acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The pathogenetic basis of the effect of AMPs on myocardial remodeling after AMI is considered. The pharmacological characteristics of drugs of this class are described: spironolactone and eplerenone. The results of the main studies proving the protective role of eplerenone in patients who have suffered AMI with HF of varying severity (EPHESUS, EMPHASIS-HF, ALBATROSS, REMINDER) are covered. The effectiveness of eplerenone was analyzed depending on the timing of its administration. The safety of the drug in comparison with spironolactone was considered. In conclusion, it was concluded that it is advisable to use these drugs in routine therapy in acute, subacute and long-term periods of ST-segment elevation AMI and with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, heart failure or diabetes mellitus, when patients already receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta blockers and in the absence of renal failure or hyperkalemia. In this case, preference should be given to eplerenone as a drug having the most convincing evidence base and having a favorable tolerance profile. The introduction into medical practice of effective, accessible generics of eplerenone allows expanding its use in real clinical practic
Hepatitis-Induced Hemolysis in Pediatrics: A Rare Case Report
Get PDFThis article presents a case study of a 6-year-old boy diagnosed with acute Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection compounded by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The patient exhibited a constellation of symptoms, including low-grade fever, upper abdominal pain, fatigue, and anorexia, over an 8 to 10-day period. Notably, jaundice, dark-colored urine, and hepatomegaly were prominent clinical features. Laboratory investigations revealed severe intravascular hemolysis, evidenced by a decline in hemoglobin, elevated reticulocytes, and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The diagnosis of HAV hepatitis was confirmed through positive IgM anti-hepatitis A virus. Over the subsequent two weeks, the patient experienced peak levels of serum bilirubin, AST, and ALT. Conservative management focused on avoiding hepatotoxic drugs, ensuring adequate urine output, and monitoring metabolic parameters. Gradual improvement was observed over the subsequent month, with a significant reduction in bilirubin levels, restoration of hemoglobin, and a decline in liver enzymes. The patient was discharged for outpatient follow-up, and four weeks post-onset, G6PD levels approached normal, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive care in such complex cases. This case underscores the intricate interplay between viral hepatitis and G6PD deficiency, contributing valuable insights into the clinical presentation and management of severe hemolysis in this specific populatio
The secretion of the pancreas upon intraduodenal administration of trypsin and trypsin with its specific synthetic substrate
Get PDFEarlier in our laboratory, conclusions were drawn regarding the specific substrates alleviating the selective inhibitory effects of enzymes by interacting at the catalytic center of the enzyme with the substrate. This was evidenced by data using a specific trypsin inhibitor that blocked the inhibitory effect of intraduodenally and intravenously administered trypsin (1), along with our laboratory's findings of alleviating the selective inhibition of amylase secretion by intraduodenal administration of a specific pancreatic amylase inhibitor (2). However, both protein and lipid emulsion, as substrates, exhibited elements of nonspecific enzyme sorption in their alleviating actio
Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil against salt toxicity in rat kidneys
Get PDFConsuming too much salt can have a negative impact on your kidneys. The kidneys play an important role in regulating sodium levels in the body, and excess salt can lead to water retention and increased blood pressure, which in turn can have a negative impact on the kidneys. Excess salt in the diet can contribute to the formation of kidney stones. This is because excess sodium can lead to increased calcium excretion in the urine, which in turn increases the risk of stone formation. An experiment was conducted on rats to study the effect of salt on kidney function. During the experiment, a group of rats received a high dose of salt for a certain period of time, while another group received a regular amount of salt. The results showed that rats that consumed more salt had increased blood pressure and negative changes in kidney function. They also faced problems with fluid retention and the formation of kidney stones. This experiment confirmed that excess salt consumption can negatively affect kidney function and lead to the development of various diseases. Therefore, controlling your salt intake is an important aspect of maintaining a healthy kidney system. Kidney contamination from salt can lead to various diseases such as kidney stones, kidney failure and other genitourinary problems. One way to correct this problem may be to use pomegranate oil. Pomegranate oil contains antioxidants that help reduce inflammation and protect kidney cells from damage. It also improves blood circulation and helps cleanse the kidneys of toxins and waste. Research has shown that consuming pomegranate oil may help improve kidney function, reduce inflammation, and prevent the formation of kidney stones. It can also help lower blood pressure and improve the overall health of the kidney system
The Importance of Vitamin D And Calcium in Type 2 Diabetes
Get PDFThe investigation into the involvement of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and prevention of type 2 diabetes has garnered widespread scholarly attention. Notably, vitamin D receptors are discernible in pancreatic beta cells and immune cells. In addition to its established function as the primary regulator of calcium absorption, vitamin D exerts influence on the activity of calcium-associated endopeptidases in beta cells, facilitating the conversion of proinsulin to insulin and augmenting insulin production. Within peripheral insulin target tissues, vitamin D governs insulin action through the modulation of calcium homeostasis. Further, vitamin D exhibits pronounced immunosuppressive properties. Noteworthy is the potential implication of vitamin D deficiency in the etiology of type 2 diabetes, manifesting in the inhibition of insulin secretion and enhancement of glucose tolerance. The article underscores the imperative for comprehensive research and clinical trials elucidating the multifaceted roles of vitamin D and calcium in maintaining a robust physiological framework. Insightful findings from studies conducted in Uzbekistan and globally underscore a prevailing inadequacy in the dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D among diverse populations, taking into account geographical, ethnic, and physiological variances. Emphasis is placed on the critical significance of sustaining optimal levels of calcium and vitamin D for skeletal health, particularly in the context of osteoporosis prevention and treatment
Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Young Children and Its Ways Of Treatment
Get PDFThis article provides information about pneumonia and some related diseases, such as mycoplasma pneumonia. The article explains how early children experience these diseases and how to treat them. Also, the article provides detailed information about the measures that children and parents need to follow in order to avoid this diseas
Analysis Of Occupational Safety And Health Risk Using The Hazard And Operational Study (Hazops) Method For Repairman
Get PDFKnowledge of occupational safety and health is very important for every job, but in practice there are still violations of OHS committed by Repairman such as not using personal protective equipment which is a mandatory requirement to carry out when doing work. By not implementing the OHS program in the workshop, it will have a negative impact in the form of increased incidence of work accidents and occupational diseases. Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) is an attempt to identify the hazards of a process if it deviates from what it should be, hazops is a very systematic, thorough, and complete technique. Based on the results of preliminary studies that have been carried out, it is found that Griya Motor 168 City Market South Tangerang has 6 workers, all workers do not use personal protective equipment, for this reason researchers are interested in examining risks using the HAZOPS method . The general purpose of this research is to analyze occupational safety and health risks using the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS) method at the Griya Motor 168 Pondok Cabe Workshop in South Tangerang. This research is a qualitative research. The techniques used in data collection are field observations and interviews. Data analysis begins with identifying Occupational Safety and Health risks by determining study points (nodes), deviations, causes, consequences and actions. Based on the results of the study, 8 potential hazards were obtained with 2 high categories, 4 medium categories, and 2 low categories. With this research, it is hoped that the company will improve safety for workers to reduce the risk of work accidents, for PPE, it should be emphasized and controlled because there are still workers who are negligent in using PP
Causes, Effects and Control of Respiratory Tract Infections Among Reproductive Age Women in Jalingo Local Government Area of Taraba State-Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the causes, effects and control of respiratory tract infections among patients in Jalingo Local Government Area of Taraba State. Data were collected from the primary source using survey research design. A sample of 365 respondents was drawn and used to represent the entire population of the study. The research instrument was validated and tested using Alpha cronbach with the reliability coefficient of 0.90. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency, simple percentage, mean and standard deviation. The study found that, virus with flu, tobacco smoke, respiratory syncytial virus, indoor air burning from burning fuels, dust and chemicals, bacteria as well as fungal infections and staphylococcus aureus were accepted to be the main causes of respiratory tract infections. While congestive heart failure, respiratory failure, death occurs as a result of negligent to proper treatment, abnormal lung functioning, respiratory arrest and blood infection (sepsis) leading to organ shutdown were identified in this study as the major effects of effects of respiratory tract infections among patients in Jalingo Local Government Area of Taraba State. Recommendations: Health professionals and health management should provide adequate vital information to the general public to enlighten them on the preventive measure of respiratory tract infection so as to reduce the menace of the infections to its minimal point as well as promote good health among the populace in the study location and the state as a whole as well as Government and health policy formulators should as a matter of urgency provide substantial and effective measures through programmes and schemes as well as provide adequate vaccines for treatment and management of respiratory tract infections