CUK Journals System (Central University of Kashmir)
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Role of the Indian Police in the Management of Law and Order and Enforcement of Human Rights During Covid-19 in India: An Analysis
Full text linkThe COVID-19 pandemic took the world by storm. Governments worldwide were caught unaware and had to resort to emergency measures to combat the rapid transmission of the coronavirus. The measures commonly adopted to prevent the pandemic were the imposition of lockdowns and movement restrictions in several countries across the globe. India, too, imposed stringent restrictions on movement as a measure to control the spread of the virus. For imposing the lockdown measures and ensuring that the people follow the rules laid down for territorial mobility, the role of the police was pivotal as well as crucial. They had to perform twin functions of securing brassbound lockdown arrangements and making essential and emergency services, including food sanitation and healthcare, accessible to the common people. The primary role of the police is to regulate and maintain law and order. The catastrophic situation required the police force to look beyond its traditional role and perform additional duties of assisting with supplies of essential goods, enforcement of mask mandates, social distancing measures and regulation of crowds in the hospitals. They ensured assistance when the patients required critical assistance in securing medical aid and life-saving equipment like oxygen cylinders. However, there were also reports of police brutality and excessive use of force to enforce public health and social measures.
The study analyses how the police performed their role in maintaining law and order when the COVID-19 pandemic struck India. The police performed several tasks, which included the enforcement of the lockdown, ensuring access to vaccines and facilitating the course of people during health emergencies. However, there were also negative police responses, where they engaged in brutality and harshness against the general public. The paper also suggests how the negative aspects of policing during the Pandemic can be improved in the future
Alternative to Litigations in India: An Empirical Analysis
Full text linkThe administration of justice is the primary task of the judiciary, being one of the essential organs of the State. The courts in India have emerged as a vital institution in interpreting the Constitution of India and thereby assuring justice to the common person. However, in recent times, citizens have become more conscious about their rights. They frequently resort to redress through courts of law through litigation when their rights are infringed, resulting in a “Litigation Explosion” across various courts in the country.
Moreover, lack of optimum human resources in courts and procedural technicalities increase the pendency of cases, and litigants have to wait long to seek justice from the courts. However, because of the complexities of modern lifestyle, disputants want a decision as quickly as possible. In this context, the mechanisms for amicable settlement of disputes such as arbitration, conciliation, mediation, negotiation and institutions like Lok-Adalats have been set up to provide rapid, effective and cheap remedies that can be made available to the people along with the formal adjudicatory system. Although the legal system in India has been devised to provide an alternative to the formal methods of adjudication, it is not an alternative Court or adjudicatory system. It is something which is an alternative to the Court procedure. Against this backdrop, an attempt has been made to analyse the utility and advantages of ADR methods in resolving civil disputes instead of a formal litigation system. The paper is based on an empirical study carried in the UT of Jammu and Kashmir
Iddat: Whether a Ban or Boon for Muslim Women?
Full text linkThe paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the practice of iddat, a period of waiting for a Muslim woman following divorce or the death of her husband. It aims to explore the purpose and other legal aspects and contemporary debates surrounding the pros and cons of iddat. By reviewing a wide range of scholarly literature, legal documents, and religious texts, this research paper sheds light on the diverse interpretations of iddat. Further, this paper provides an overview of the religious foundations of iddat and its significance within Islamic law. Additionally, the paper presents a clear picture of different facts related to the concept of iddat, proving whether it is a ban or a boon for women under Islamic Law
Teacher Education: Issues and Challenges
Full text linkTeachers have a dynamic role in developing the talent of the students and motivate them to perform excellently in every domain of their life. The teachers help students to achieve life goals and are the ultimate role models. The overall success of a student, therefore, depends on the excellence of the teacher. The education of teacher is necessary for improving their professionalism and helps in enhancing the life quality of the students. The research paper provides highlights on the concept of teacher training and the present-day issues and challenges faced by the teacher. The paper also discusses other emerging challenges faced by teacher training institutions. In the research paper, the investigator further suggests some remedies to overcome these challenges and further the conclusion is given by the investigator
Work Motivation of Secondary School Teachers with Respect to their Gender and the Type of School
No full textThe current study was conducted to “Study the work motivation of secondary school teachers of district kupwara in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir”. 400 secondary school teachers were selected while using a “simple random sampling technique”. Sample includes 200 governments and 200 private teachers. K.G Agarwals work motivation scale (2007) was used for the collection of the data, “the main objectives of this study were to study the work motivation of secondary school teachers with respect to their gender and the type of school, from the findings It has been found that there is no difference in the work motivation between the male and female secondary school teachers however a significant difference was found between the govt. and private secondary school teachers as for as their work motivation is concerned”
Educational Status of Children Living in Brick Kilns: Access, Enrolment, and Dropout
Full text linkAny country that values its citizens must prioritize education, and in the modern world, the importance has increased very much. Without any doubt, the social and economic progress of any country depends on the education system of that country. The most vulnerable group in terms of education are children who live with their parents in brick kilns. Children are mostly involved in this kind of work because brick-making is a piece-rate work that requires minimal skill. They are forced to join their parents in the low-wage, low-skill trap due to the illiteracy of their parents. The families only stay here for the active season which starts from May to October, for the rest of the year they return to their native places. Children are the most negatively impacted from the educational point of view, they live with their parents in brick kilns which are far away from their native places, and don\u27t have any educational facilities available for five to six months of the year. There is no official data or specific information available regarding the number of laborers and their children living in brick kilns. Their magnitude generally varies keeping in pace with the demand and production of bricks taking place at a particular time. Poverty and illiteracy of parents are two main reasons behind the involvement of children in brick kilns of the kulgam district. The present study makes an attempt to understand the educational status of children living in the brick kilns using a broad framework of research. In the present study, purposive sampling technique was used to gather data from the respondents of 06 brick kilns through self-made interview schedules. The study found that 180 children are living in these brick kilns without receiving any kind of formal education at present times
An Empirical Investigation of Occupational Stress and Stress Management of Working and Non-Working Women in Central Kashmir
Full text linkIn today’s contemporary society where everyone wants to be independent and want to excel in their careers, everyone is a victim of stress and keeping in eye the hurdles faced by the women especially in a conservative society like Kashmir, the stress and depression faced by women is on a whole another level. So, in this study an attempt is made to explore the occupational stress and stress management among the working and non-working women of central Kashmir. The sample of 100 women with 50 working women and 50 non-working women were selected through random sampling technique from three districts of central Kashmir i.e., Srinagar, Budgam, and Ganderbal. As for as statistical techniques used are concerned, descriptive statistics (frequency, Means & Standard deviation) and comparative statistics (t – test) and correlational analysis were used. The results of comparative statistics revealed that significant difference between working women and non-working women in relation to their over-all occupational stress was found. The mean score favours the working women which indicates that working women have high level of occupational stress than their counterparts. Significant difference between working women and non-working women in relation to their stress management was found. The mean score favours the working women which indicates that working women have high stress management than their nonworking women. Significant positive correlation was found between occupational stress and stress management was found
Educational Status of Scheduled Caste Secondary Students in District Doda of J&K
Full text linkThe scheduled caste is one of the deprived sections of society: they occupy the lowest position than others. The present paper attempts to provide a detailed description of the scheduled caste students and their existing educational status with reference to District Doda of Jammu and Kashmir. Data from the Chief educational office (CEO) Doda and Unified District information for education system (U- DISE) has been collected. The findings reveal that the highest enrolment was among the other castes compared to the scheduled caste to both genders in District Doda at the Secondary level. It was further found that female students\u27 dropout rate was higher than the male schedule caste students at the secondary level in the District Doda of Jammu and Kashmir
A Case Study of Educational and Vocational Facilities of Children in Conflict with Law in the Child Care Institutes of the State of Odisha
Full text linkIt is trite to say that children of today are the future of tomorrow. They are an asset and not a liability to any nation. It is now a constitutional obligation to have their early schooling and develop their capacity by grooming them for nation-building. This age is full of turbulences and uncertainties. It has the potential to go either way, especially for a child who comes from a fractured family or is deprived of the love and care of parents due to one or the other reason. This vulnerability of children to different vices has been compounded by the present internet age that has facilitated the use of social media where families are broken not actually but because of the distance they maintain while living under the same roof or in the same room. The parents or other elders of a child do not find time even while sitting in the same room or under the same roof but they chat or message each other as and when required to talk to each other. These children are now more vulnerable and susceptible to deviant behaviour than before. They may be, at times, in conflict with the law, but they cannot be treated like ordinary criminals. They need sympathy and not indifference; they need treatment and not punishment. This is why the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, was passed with a focus on reformation and rehabilitation of Juvenile delinquents. This Act makes laudable provisions for education and vocation facilities for such delinquents with an avowed object to ensure that these delinquents integrate with mainstream once they complete their period of stay in Government established child care homes or institutes. The Government of Odisha has also established child care institutes. This paper attempts to examine the status of educational and training facilities for children in need of care and protection who are sent to child care institutions in accordance with the order passed by the Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) for rehabilitation
Children of Conflict with Special Reference to Jammu and Kashmir
Full text linkThe paper discusses the impact of violence on the wellbeing of children. Children are considered as the weakest survivors of conflict. They are also stranded or isolated from their families and are sometimes forced to take family responsibilities that render them helpless against forced labour, sexual abuse or recruitment in the armed forces. The worst effect of conflict is on the education and health of children in general and mental health in particular. Conflict disturbs the mental peace of children and leaves them to leave a depressed and traumatic life