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Greenland ice sheet 10 m subsurface temperature compilation 1912-2022
No full textThis dataset contains the subsurface temperature observation interpolated at a 10 m depth compiled for the following study:
Vandecrux, B., Fausto, R. S., Box, J., Covi, F., Hock, R., Rennermalm, A., Heilig, A., Abermann, J., van As, D., Bjerre, E., Fettweis, X., Smeets, P.C.J.P., Kuipers Munneke, P., van den Broeke, M., Brils, M., Langen, P.L., Mottram, R., Ahlstrøm, A.: Historical snow and ice temperature observations document the recent warming of the Greenland ice sheet, Submitted to the Cryosphere, 2023.
When using this dataset please cite both the study above and the individual studies listed in the "reference" field.
Data processing:
For the temperatures continuously recorded by thermistor or thermocouple strings, the depth of each temperature sensor below the surface was calculated using installation depths and recorded surface height. Wherever necessary, we interpolated the available temperature profiles linearly to 10 m depth and allowed linear extrapolation if at least two measurements were available within 2 m of the 10 m depth. The resulting T10m values were then aggregated as monthly means if they originated from continuous measurements, or left as instantaneous values otherwise.
Data structure:
In the 10m_temperature_dataset_monthly.csv file, each data point has the following attributes:
date: in YYY-MM-DD format
site
latitude
longitude
elevation
depthOfTemperatureObservation: currently 10 m for all. May expend to all depths in future releases
temperatureObserved
reference: see list below
reference_short
note
error
durationOpen (for compatibility with the SUMup dataset often not known)
durationMeasured: Indicate if a measurement is a monthly average or an instantaneous value
method
Dataset composition:
Reference Start End Number of measurements
Koch (1913) 1912 1913 5
Wegener (1930) 1930 1930 8
Heuberger (1954) 1950 1950 2
Benson (1962) 1954 1955 59
Schytt (1955) 1954 1954 31
Nobles (1960) 1954 1954 7
Heuberger (1954) 1954 1954 1
Meier et al. (1957) 1955 1955 4
Griffiths (1960) 1955 1956 38
de Quervain (1969) 1957 1964 8
Ambach (1979) 1959 1959 2
Langway (1961) 1959 1959 14
U.S. Army Transportation
Board (1960) 1960 1960 4
Davies (1954) 1960 1960 7
Davies (1967) 1962 1962 1
Mock (1965) 1964 1964 12
Mock and Ragle (1963) 1964 1964 31
Weertman et al. (1968) 1966 1966 1
Colbeck and Gow (1979) 1973 1973 3
Clausen et al. (1988) 1974 1985 11
Clausen and Hammer (1988) 1977 1977 1
Stauffer and Oeschger
(1979) 1978 1978 3
Clement (1984) 1983 1983 4
Thomsen et al. (1991) 1990 1991 8
Ohmura et al. (1992) 1990 1990 3
GC-Net unpublished 1991 2010 170
Braithwaite (1993) 1991 1992 12
Laternser (1994) 1992 1992 16
Schwager (2000) 1994 1994 1
Historical GC-Net: 1995 2022 1665
Steffen et al. (1996, 2001, 2023);
Vandecrux et al. (2023)
Giese and Hawley (2015) 2004 2008 47
Humphrey et al. (2012) 2007 2009 57
PROMICE: 2008 2023 1346
Fausto et al. (2021);
How et al. (2022)
Smeets et al. (2018) 2009 2016 160
Harrington et al. (2015) 2010 2012 5
Hills et al. (2018) 2011 2017 109
Charalampidis et al. (2016) &
Charalampidis et al. (2022) 2012 2013 29
Yamaguchi et al. (2014) 2012 2012 1
Miller et al. (2020) 2013 2017 68
Polashenski et al. (2014) 2013 2013 2
Matoba et al. (2015) 2014 2014 1
MacFerrin et al. 2015 2019 311
(2021, 2022)
Kjær et al. (2015) 2015 2015 2
Heilig et al. (2018) 2016 2021 58
Vandecrux et al. (2021);
Colgan and Vandecrux (2021) 2017 2022 119
Covi et al. (2022, 2023) 2017 2019 77
Law et al. (2021) 2019 2019 1
GC-Net continuation: 2021 2023 134
Fausto et al. (2021); How et al. (2022)
Total: 4659
References:
Ambach, W., Zum Wärmehaushalt des Grönländischen Inlandeises: Vergleichende Studie im Akkumulations- und Ablationsgebiet, Polarforschung 49 (1): 44-54, 1979
Benson, C. S. (1962) Stratigraphic studies in the snow and firn of the Greenland ice sheet, U. S. Army Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment (USA SIPRE) Research Report 70, 93p
Braithwaite, R. (1993). Firn temperature and meltwater refreezing in the lower accumulation area of the Greenland ice sheet, Pâkitsoq, West Greenland. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, 159, 109–114. https://doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v159.8218
Charalampidis, C., Van As, D., Colgan, W.T., Fausto, R.S., Macferrin, M. and Machguth, H., 2016. Thermal tracing of retained meltwater in the lower accumulation area of the Southwestern Greenland ice sheet. Annals of Glaciology, 57(72), pp.1-10.
Clausen HB and Stauffer B (1988) Analyses of Two Ice Cores Drilled at the Ice-Sheet Margin in West Greenland. Annals of Glaciology 10, 23–27 (doi:10.3189/S0260305500004109)
Clausen, H., N. Gundestrup, S. Johnsen, R. Bindschadler and J. Zwally (1988), Glaciological investigations in the Crete area, Central Greenland: A search for a new deep-drilling site. Ann. Glaciol.,10, 10-15.
Clausen, H., and Hammer, C. (1988). The laki and tambora eruptions as revealed in Greenland ice cores from 11 locations. J. Glaciology 10, 16–22. doi:10.1017/s026030550000409
Clement, P. “Glaciological Activities in the Johan Dahl Land Area, South Greenland, As a Basis for Mapping Hydropower Potential”. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, vol. 120, Dec. 1984, pp. 113-21, doi:10.34194/rapggu.v120.7870.
Colbeck S. and A. Gow. 1979. The margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet at Isua. Journal of Glaciology. 24: 155-165. 10.3189/S0022143000014714
Covi, F., Hock, R., and Reijmer, C.: Challenges in modeling the energy balance and melt in the percolation zone of the Greenland ice sheet. Journal of Glaciology, 69(273), 164-178. doi:10.1017/jog.2022.54, 2023
Covi, F., Hock, R., Rennermalm, A., Leidman S., Miege, C., Kingslake, J., Xiao, J., MacFerrin, M., Tedesco, M.: Meteorological and firn temperature data from three weather stations in the percolation zone of southwest Greenland, 2017 - 2019. Arctic Data Center. doi:10.18739/A2BN9X444, 2022.
Davies, T.C., Structures in the upper snow layers of the southern Dome Greenland ice sheet, CRREL research report 115, 1954
Davis RM: Approach roads Greenland 1960?1964 Technical Report 133. Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory 1967
Fausto, R. S., van As, D., Mankoff, K. D., Vandecrux, B., Citterio, M., Ahlstrøm, A. P., Andersen, S. B., Colgan, W., Karlsson, N. B., Kjeldsen, K. K., Korsgaard, N. J., Larsen, S. H., Nielsen, S., Pedersen, A. Ø., Shields, C. L., Solgaard, A. M., and Box, J. E.: Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE) automatic weather station data, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 3819–3845, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-3819-2021 , 2021. and How, P., Ahlstrøm, A.P., Andersen, S.B., Box, J.E., Citterio, M., Colgan, W.T., Fausto, R., Karlsson, N.B., Jakobsen, J., Larsen, S.H., Mankoff, K.D., Pedersen, A.Ø., Rutishauser, A., Shields, C.L., Solgaard, A.M., van As, D., Vandecrux, B., Wright, P.J., PROMICE and GC-Net automated weather station data in Greenland, https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/IW73UU, GEUS Dataverse, 2022.
Giese AL and Hawley RL (2015) Reconstructing thermal properties of firn at Summit, Greenland, from a temperature profile time series. Journal of Glaciology 61(227), 503–510 (doi:10.3189/2015JoG14J204)
Griffiths, T. M. (1960). Glaciological investigations in the TUTO area of Greenland., U. S. Army Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, Report 47, 62 pp. https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5981
Harrington Joel A. Humphrey Neil F. Harper Joel T.: Temperature distribution and thermal anomalies along a flowline of the Greenland ice sheet Annals of Glaciology 56(70) 98?104 2015 10.3189/2015AoG70A945
Heilig, A., Eisen, O., MacFerrin, M., Tedesco, M., and Fettweis, X.: Seasonal monitoring of melt and accumulation within the deep percolation zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet and comparison with simulations of regional climate modeling, The Cryosphere, 12, 1851–1866, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1851-2018, 2018.
Heuberger J.-C. 1954. Expéditions Polaires Françaises: Missions Paul-Emil Victor. Glaciologie Groenland Volume 1: Forages sur l'inlandsis. Hermann & Cle Éditeurs. Paris.
Heuberger, Jean-Charles (1954) Groenland, glaciologie, Vol. I, Forages sur L'inlandsis (Greenland, glaciology, vol. I, Borehole studies on the ice cap). Paris: Hermann & Cle, Editeurs.
Hills, B. H., Harper, J. T., Meierbachtol, T. W., Johnson, J. V., Humphrey, N. F., and Wright, P. J.: Processes influencing heat transfer in the near-surface ice of Greenlands ablation zone, The Cryosphere, 12, 3215–3227, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3215-2018, 2018. data: https://doi.org/10.18739/A2QV3C418
Humphrey, N. F., Harper, J. T., and Pfeffer, W. T. (2012), Thermal tracking of meltwater retention in Greenlands accumulation area, J. Geophys. Res., 117, F01010, doi:10.1029/2011JF002083. Data available at: https://instaar.colorado.edu/research/publications/occasional-papers/firn-stratigraphy-and-temperature-to-10-m-depth-in-the-percolation-zone-of/
Kjær, H. A., Zens, P., Edwards, R., Olesen, M., Mottram, R., Lewis, G., Terkelsen Holme, C., Black, S., Holst Lund, K., Schmidt, M., Dahl-Jensen, D., Vinther, B., Svensson, A., Karlsson, N., Box, J. E., Kipfstuhl, S., and Vallelonga, P.: Recent North Greenland temperature warming and accumulation, The Cryosphere Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2020-337 , 2021.
Koch, Johann P., and Alfred Wegener. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse Der Dänischen Expedition Nach Dronning Louises-Land Und Quer über Das Inlandeis Von Nordgrönland 1912 - 13 Unter Leitung Von Hauptmann J. P. Koch : 1 (1930). 1930.
Langway, C. C., Jr. (1961) Accumulation and temperature on the inland ice of North Greenland, 1959, Journal of Glaciology, vol. 3, no. 30, p. 1017-1044.
Laternser, M., 1994 Firn temperature measurements and snow pit studies on the EGIG traverse of central Greenland, 1992. Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule. Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau Hydrologie und Glaziologic. (Arbeitsheft 15).
Law, R., Christoffersen, P., Hubbard, B., Doyle, S.H., Chudley, T.R., Schoonman, C.M., Bougamont, M., des Tombe, B., Schilperoort, B., Kechavarzi, C. and Booth, A., 2021. Thermodynamics of a fast-moving Greenlandic outlet glacier revealed by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing. Science Advances, 7(20), p.eabe7136. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe713
MacFerrin, M. J., Stevens, C. M., Vandecrux, B., Waddington, E. D., and Abdalati, W. (2022) The Greenland Firn Compaction Verification and Reconnaissance (FirnCover) dataset, 2013–2019, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 955–971, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-955-2022,
Matoba, S., Motoyama, H., Fujita, K., Yamasaki, T., Minowa, M., Onuma, Y., Komuro, Y., Aoki, T., Yamaguchi, S., Sugiyama, S., Enomoto, H., 2015. Glaciological and meteorological observations at the SIGMA-D site, northwestern Greenland Ice Sheet. Bull. Glaciol. Res. 33, 7–14. https://doi.org/10.5331/bgr.33.7
Meier, M. F., Conel, J. E., Hoerni, J. A., Melbourne, W. G., & Pings, C. J. (1957). Preliminary Study of Crevasse Formation. Blue Ice Valley, Greenland, 1955. OCCIDENTAL COLL LOS ANGELES CALIF. https://hdl.handle.net/11681/6029
Miller, O., Solomon, D.K., Miège, C., Koenig, L., Forster, R., Schmerr, N., Ligtenberg, S.R., Legchenko, A., Voss, C.I., Montgomery, L. and McConnell, J.R., 2020. Hydrology of a perennial firn aquifer in Southeast Greenland: an overview driven by field data. Water Resources Research, 56(8), p.e2019WR026348. Dataset doi:10.18739/A2R785P5W
Mock, S. J. (1965) Glaciological studies in the vicinity of Camp Century, Green­ land, U. S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (USA CRREL) Research Report 157.
Rinker, J. N. and Mock, S. J. (in preparation) Radar ice sounding data, Green­ land 1964, USA CRREL Special Report.
Mock, S. J. and Ragle, R. H. ( 1963} Elevations on the ice sheet of southern Greenland USA CRREL Technical Report 124, 9p. Ragle, R. H. and Davis, T. C. (1962) South Greenland traverses, Journal of Glaciology, vol. 4, p. 129-131.
Nobles, L. H., Glaciological investigations, Nunatarssuaq ice ramp, Northwestern Greenland, Tech. Rep. 66, U.S. Army Snow, Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, 1960.
Ohmura, A. and 10 others. 1992; Energy and Mass balance during the melt season at the equilibrium line altitude, Paakitsoq, Greenland ice sheet. Zürich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. (ETH Greenland Expedition. Progress Report 2.)
Polashenski, C., Z. Courville, C. Benson, A. Wagner, J. Chen, G. Wong, R. Hawley, and D. Hall (2014), Observations of pronounced Greenland ice sheet firn warming and implications for runoff production, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4238–4246, doi:10.1002/2014GL059806.
de Quervain, M. (1969), Schneckundliche Arbeiten der Internat. Glaziolog. Gronlandexpedition. Meddelelser om Gronland, Bd. 177, Nr. 4.
Schwager, M. (2000): Eisbohrkernuntersuchungen zur räumlichen und zeitlichen Variabilität von Temperatur und Niederschlagsrate im Spätholozän in Nordgrönland - Ice core analysis on the spatial and temporal variability of temperature and precipitation during the late Holocene in North Greenland , Berichte zur Polarforschung (Reports on Polar Research), Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 362 , 136 p. . doi: 10.2312/BzP_0362_2000
Schytt, V. (1955) Glaciological investigations in the Thule Ramp area, U. S. Army Snow Ice and Permafrost Research Establishment, Corps of Engineers, Report 28, 88 pp. https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5989
Stauffer B. and H. Oeschger. 1979. Temperaturprofile in bohrloechern am rande des Groenlaendischen Inlandeises. Hydrologie und Glaziologie an der ETH Zurich. Mitteilung Nr. 41.
Steffen, K., Box, J.E. and Abdalati, W., 1996. Greenland climate network: GC-Net. US Army Cold Regions Reattach and Engineering (CRREL), CRREL Special Report, pp.98-103.
Steffen, K. and J. Box: Surface climatology of the Greenland ice sheet: Greenland Climate Network 1995-1999, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 33,951-33,972, 2001
Steffen, K., Vandecrux, B., Houtz, D., Abdalati, W., Bayou, N., Box, J., Colgan, L., Espona Pernas, L., Griessinger, N., Haas-Artho, D., Heilig, A., Hubert, A., Iosifescu Enescu, I., Johnson-Amin, N., Karlsson, N. B., Kurup, R., McGrath, D., Cullen, N. J., Naderpour, R., Pederson, A. Ø., Perren, B., Philipps, T., Plattner, G.K., Proksch, M., Revheim, M. K., Særrelse, M., Schneebli, M., Sampson, K., Starkweather, S., Steffen, S., Stroeve, J., Watler, B., Winton, Ø. A., Zwally, J., Ahlstrøm, A.: GC-Net Level 1 automated weather station data, https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/VVXGUT, GEUS Dataverse, V2, 2023.
Smeets, P.C. J. P., Peter Kuipers Munneke, Dirk van As, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Wim Boot, Hans Oerlemans, Henk Snellen, Carleen H. Reijmer & Roderik S. W. van de Wal (2018) The K-transect in west Greenland: Automatic weather station data (1993–2016), Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 50:1, DOI: 10.1080/15230430.2017.1420954
Sorge, E. Glaziologische Untersuchungen in Eismitte, 5. Beitrag. p62-263 in K. Wegener: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der deutschen Grönland-Expedition Alfred Wegener 1929 und 1930/1931 Bd. III Glaziologie.
Thomsen H.H. O.B. Olesen R.J. Braithwaite and C.E. Bøggild. 1991. Ice drilling and mass balance at Pakitsoq Jakobshavn central West Greenland. Rapport Gr�nlands Geologiske Unders�gelse 152 80?84. 10.34194/rapggu.v152.8160
Thomsen, H. ., Olesen, O. ., Braithwaite, R. . and Bøggild, C. .: Ice drilling and mass balance at Pâkitsoq, Jakobshavn, central West Greenland, Rapp. Grønlands Geol. Undersøgelse, 152, 80–84, doi:10.34194/rapggu.v152.8160, 1991.
U.S. Army Transportation Board (1960) Report of environmental operation: Lead Dog 1960, Final Report, Project Lead Dog, TCB- 60 - 023 - E0, 188p. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0263548.pdf
Vandecrux, B., Colgan, W., Solgaard, A.M., Steffensen, J.P., and Karlsson, N.B.(2021). Firn evolution at Camp Century, Greenland: 1966-2100, Frontiers in Earth Science, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.578978, 2021 dataset: https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/SR3O4F
Vandecrux, B., Box, J.E., Ahlstrøm, A.P., Andersen, S.B., Bayou, N., Colgan, W.T., Cullen, N.J., Fausto, R.S., Haas-Artho, D., Heilig, A., Houtz, D.A., How, P., Iosifescu Enescu , I., Karlsson, N.B., Kurup Buchholz, R., Mankoff, K.D., McGrath, D., Molotch, N.P., Perren, B., Revheim,
Zinc exploration data package - Karrat Group, central West Greenland
No full textThis data package contains much of the current data available the Karrat area of central West Greenland. Size: 964 MB.
Contents
1) Mineral occurrences list
2) Geochemistry (excel files containing tables of geochemistry)
a) Rock samples (GEUS and mineral exploration companies)
b) Stream sediment samples (GEUS and mineral exploration companies)
c) Heavy Mineral Concentrates (GEUS and mineral exploration companies)
3) Selection of reports (GEUS and mineral exploration companies)
4) ArcGIS data presentation with digital dat
Greenland Freshwater Flux on Glacier-basin Scales
No full textThis dataset contains derived mass loss data from marine-terminating glaciers in Greenland on a monthly timescale from 2010 up to and including 2020.
Reference: Karlsson et al., 202, GEUS Bulletin (DOI: 10.34194/geusb.v53.833)
File structure:
Data for each glacier outlet are stored as csv (comma separated values) that can be opened in Excel or loaded into Matlab, python etc.
Files are named as
glaciername_region_GateID.csv
A note on glacier names: In our dataset, glacier name is the official name in Greenlandic (following Bjoerk et al., 2015), region is the region of Greenland (following Mouginot and Rignot, 2019) and GateID is the ID of the discharge gate from Mankoff et al. 2020. We also list the names as used by Mouginot and Rignot (2019) but we advise against using those names in formal literature as they are not approved by the Greenland Language Secretariat.
Multiple glaciers have no official name. They are listed as "Unknown".
Some glacier names contain letters that are not easily machine-readable. We have made the following substitutions to ease the use of the data:
Danish letters
æ = ae
ø = oe
å = aa
Other letters
ö = ooe (Nordenskiöld)
ü = ue (Brückner)
Data
The data consist of the following volume loss terms :
Runoff
Ice discharge
Basal melt
Total Volume loss
The surface melt is derived from a regional climate model. The ice discharge stems from satellite observations of ice velocities. The basal melt is constructed from a combination of models and derived geothermal heat flux values. Please see Karlsson et al., 2023 and references therein for information on the individual volume loss terms.
Using the dataset
Users wishing to know the mass loss terms from a glacier basin may simply locate the csv-file with the corresponding glacier name in the datafolder.
PLEASE NOTE: Some glaciers have more than one csv-file. This is because they have more than one branch of glacier flow. The total freshwater flux into a fjord from the glacier will then be the combined volume loss from all cvs files with the glacier name. E.g., the glacier Akullikassaap Sermia in northwestern Greenland has two discharge gates #133 and #134. The total output from Akullikassaap Sermia is then the sum of the terms in AkullikassaapSermia_NW_D133.csv and AkullikassaapSermia_NW_D134.csv.
Users who do not know the glacier name may instead load the Geopackage file GlacierGates in a GIS software. The shapefile displays the location of each discharge gate and contains information on the glacier name, data filename, and the decadal mean of each volume loss term.
The shapefile contains the following abbreviations:
Ice discharge: abbreviated Ice dis.
Basal melt: abbreviated Basal
Total Volume loss: abbreviated Total los
Greenland ice disequilibrium and sea-level commitment from recent climate: data/code
No full text
dataverse dataset for Greenland ice disequilibrium and sea-level commitment from recent climate
Data and materials
Paper: revised
Box, Jason, 2022, "Greenland ice disequilibrium and sea-level commitment from recent climate: scripts, output data and figures v20220502 resubmission", https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/D5JEZ0, GEUS Dataverse, DRAFT VERSION
The scripts, output data and figures generated during and/or analyzed as part of the revised study are available from https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/D5JEZ0
Data access is unrestricted, public.
The MAR and RACMO regional climate model output is available from the respective lead scientists.
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AWS two boom mast Edition 1
No full textGC-NET automated weather station (AWS) data v01 from the Greenland Ice Sheet. Data are collected from the two-boom mast design located in the accumulation area, with variables as listed in the AWS_variables.csv file provided.
See pypromice for how we process the data product.
See variables.csv for the most up-to-date description of the the data variables.<bR
Geological map of Greenland 1:100 000, Pannertooq 72 V. 2 Syd
No full textGeologisk kort over Grønland / Geological map of Greenland, 1:100.000, central West Greenlan
daily CARRA data at Zackenberg 1991 to 2021
No full text
daily CARRA time series data at points
Here are CARRA daily 2m air temperature (t2m) or total precipitation (tp) or rainfall (rf) at GEUS AWS sites 1991 to 2021 31 years. The data are in comma separated files (.csv) for static point locations in Greenland. The data for each location is the monthly or annual average (or total, for precipitation) of daily nearest-neighbor on the 2.5 km CARRA grid point.
The original source is the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS) produced by C3S. The data produced by contractors under C3S (ECMWF) belongs to C3S although they are public and free to use.
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Scanning electron microscope images dataset for geothermal reservoir characterisation
No full textSet of Scanning Electron Microscope images consisting of a cathodoluminesce image, a back-scattered electrons contrast image and a false coloured mineral map of each analysed area. There are several datasets, where each set represents one sample. The image set can be used to develop an automated method to separate detrital quartz from authigenic overgrowths and pore space
Historical surface mass balance measurements from the ice-sheet ablation area and local glaciers
No full textThese are historical surface mass balance measurements from the Greenland Ice Sheet ablation area and surrounding local glaciers. There are approximately 3000 unique measurements from 46 sites. The earliest measurements are from 1892. Each measurement is accompanied with position and date information, as well as quality and source flags