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In search of safety: A qualitative study on how LGBT+ college students find safe spaces on college campuses
Get PDFLesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and more (LGBT+) college students have had a long and interesting history with higher education institutions. These students seek out a location on campus that provides them with a safe space where they are free to express themselves in terms of their gender and sexual identity openly. This study seeks to better understand how LGBT+ college students find a safe space on campuses when there is not one already provided for them. These data were collected through interviews with six college students who identify within the LGBT+ community and attend an institution which does not have an established safe space. Through analysis of the themes, it was revealed that LGBT+ students find safe spaces in other students in comparison to the physical environment. Students also stated that being on campus, offers more safety than being off campus when they considered their identities. Students also indicated locations like the library and front lawn offered safe spaces. Five students supported the establishment of a safe space for LGBT+ students; one student was neither supportive nor unsupportive. These data can better inform student affairs practitioners on how to better support LGBT+ students while they work with them. They also support colleges and universities establishing safe spaces for LGBT+ students. Finally, the study lays groundwork for future research projects into how other groups of students of historically marginalized identities find safe spaces and how students attending different types of institutions with different attributes are impacted in their search.
Keywords: Higher Education, LGBT+, LGBT+ Students, Safe Spaces, LGBT+ Safe Spaces, College StudentsChapter I: INTRODUCTION 1 -- Overview of Paper 2 -- Theoretical Framework 3 -- Chapter II: LITERATURE REVIEW 7 -- Introduction 7 -- History of LGBT+ College Students 7 -- Current State of LGBT+ College Students 10 -- Current Anti-LGBT+ Legislation 20 -- Safe Spaces 20 -- Constitutionality of Safe Spaces 24 -- Student Development Theory and Safe Spaces 25 -- Conclusion 28 -- Chapter III: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS 30 -- Theming and Coding Data 31 -- Overview of Participants 32 -- Limitations 34 -- Preliminary Suppositions and Implications 33 -- Chapter IV: RESULTS 35 -- On Campus Being Safer When Compared to Off Campus 35 -- Odum Library and Front Lawn as a Safe Space on Campus 35 -- Faculty, Staff, and Student Organizations Provide Safe Spaces 36 -- Student Union and Outdoor Walkway as an Unsafe Space 38 -- Feelings Regarding an Established Safe Space on Campus 39 -- CHAPTER V: ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION 41 -- Discussion 41 -- Connection to Schlossberg’s Theory of Mattering and Marginality 41 -- Connection to Strange and Banning’s Four Environments 42 -- Connection to Other Referenced Theories 44 -- Implications for Student Affairs Practice 49 -- Implications for Future Research 50 -- Conclusion 53 -- REFERENCES 55 -- APPENDIX A: Institutional Review Board Protocol Exemption Report 66 -- APPENDIX B: Research Statement and Individual Interview Questions 69.Workman, JamieArchibald, JamesSullivan, TerrenceM.A.Educational Leadershi
Hospitals Folder 4
Get PDFThis item contains 1 PDF file with 3 pages and a title pageA newspaper article written by Truman Lastinger is the focal point for this item. The Hill-Burton act is credited for keeping many hospitals open during the Great Depression. The article details the trouble that the hospital had with staffing concerns and later financial concerns
Brooks County Highschool Class of 1971 50th Anniversary
Get PDF1 PDF with 27 pages and a title page.This item is a booklet from the 50-year reunion for Brooks County High School. Names of people that attending and those that had passed away. Furthermore, important people or events that were either born or took place in 1971
Plain Language Study of U.S. Army Human Resources Information
Get PDFThis plain language study explored whether the average soldier could read and comprehend the Army’s human resources information and whether the average grade level completed for soldiers was the same as the average reading grade level of human resources documents. A random sampling of 250 Army human resources documents were scored for reading ease and grade level using the Flesch-Kincaid reading ease tool. The average educational attainment of soldiers, based on Department of Defense data, established a target grade level score of equal to or less than nine and a reading ease score of equal to or above 60. The results of a one-sample t-test indicate that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean reading ease score of 23.8 for the Army’ human resources information and the mean reading ability of 60 for soldiers. The results of an additional one-sample t-test for grade level also indicate that there is a statistically significance difference between the reading grade level score of nine for soldiers and the average reading grade level of 14 for the Army’s human resources information. The mean reading ease score of the Army’s human resources information would have to be almost 40 points higher on the Flesch- Kincaid reading ease scale and four to five grade levels lower to be easily understood by the average soldier. Utilizing transfer theory, which is grounded in the theory of pragmatism and calls for academics to share practical, real-world solutions with practioners, this study proposes the implementation of a Plain Language Checklist. This checklist could help the Army develop clearer, easier to understand information. Plain language human resources information would benefit the careers of individual soldiers who need to be able to understand and act on benefits, promotion, training, and education opportunities while saving HRC resources in terms of employees time and enhancing the Army’s talent management initiatives and overall recruiting and retention goals.
Keywords: Plain Language, Readability, Military, U.S. Army, Flesch-Kincaid reading ease, Human ResourcesChapter I: INTRODUCTION 1 -- Statement of the Problem 1 -- Urgency of the Problem 2 -- Barriers to Implementing Plain Language 5 -- Pragmatism as a Conceptual Framework for the Study 6 -- Purpose of the Study 7 -- Research Questions and Hypothesis 8 -- Definition of Terms 9 -- Procedures 10 -- Significance of the Study 10 -- Limitations of the Study 11 -- Organization of the Study 12 -- Chapter II: LITERATURE REVIEW 14 -- Organization of Literature Review 15 -- Theoretical Framework for Plain Language Study 15 -- History of the Plain Language Movement 22 -- U.S. Army and Plain Language Research 24 -- Plain Language Increases Understanding and Saves Organization’s Money 29 -- Clear Need for Plain Language Focus in Army Communications 30 -- Army’s Focus on Writing Guidance has not Increased Readability 31 -- Conflicts and Controversies in Plain Language Literature 33 -- Criticism of Readability Formulas 35 -- Gaps in Plain Language Lirterature 40 -- Statement of Problem 42 -- Chapter III: METHODOLOGY 49 -- Introduction 49 -- Methodology 50 -- Research questions 52 -- Data Collection 54 -- Instrumentation 57 -- Research Procedures 59 -- Data Analysis 61 -- Measuring Soldiers’ Education Levels 61 -- Analytic Procedures 65 -- Research Limitations 67 -- Chapter IV: RESULTS 70 -- Introduction 70 -- Variables Used in Statistical Analysis 71 -- Reading Ease Score Assumptions 72 -- Testing of Research Question One 74 -- Reading Ease Score Descriptive Statistics 74 -- Reading Ease Score Results 75 -- Grade Level Score Assumptions 77 -- Testing of Research Question Two 80 -- Grade Level Score Descriptive Statistics 80 -- Grade Level Score Results 80 -- Conclusion 82 -- Chapter V: DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 86 -- Summary of the Problem 86 -- Reading Ease Score Results 87 -- Grade Level Score Results 87 -- Findings in context of Plain Language Literature 88 -- Implications for Theory 90 -- Meaning of Results 91 -- Potential Explanations for Results 92 -- Implications of Results 93 -- Recommendations 94 -- Implement Practical Guidance Grounded in Theory 94 -- Plain Language Checklist 96 -- Constraints of Implementing a Plain Language Checklist 98 -- Future Research 102 -- Conclusion 106 -- REFERENCES 108 -- APPENDIX A: Figure 1: Army Human Resources Service Center Inquiries 120 -- APPENDIX B: Institutional Review Board Approval 122 -- APPENDIX C: Table 2: Most visited HRC Web Pages and Most Popular Social Media 127 -- APPENDIX D: Table 3: U.S. Army Enlisted and Officer Education Levels 146 -- APPENDIX E: Figure 2: U.S. Army Enlisted and Officer Education Levels 148 -- APPENDIX F: HRC Plain Language Checklist 150Peterson, BonniePeterson, JamesBauer, JeremyD.PA.Public Administratio
Studying Unicorns: Single-Father Student Educational Attainment and Tinto’s Model
Get PDFThis quantitative study utilized Tinto’s model of academic attrition and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to explore the educational attainment of a rarely studied group, single-father students.
For the first question, “What effects do the parental status, marital status, and gender of a student have on educational attainment?” data collected for the NLSY97, n = 8,984, was utilized to compare academic attainment amongst participants in regards to gender, marital status, and parental status. Through a series of non-parametric tests, it was found that single, childless, female students had higher educational attainment than any other group, followed by married parent-students of both genders and single-mother students.
For the second question, “What effects do Tinto’s pre-entry attributes of family background, skills and abilities, and prior schooling, have on educational attainment of the single-father student?” the impact of seven independent variables, representing Tinto’s pre-entry attributes, on educational attainment for single-father students, n = 44 after removal of incomplete records, was studied. Non-parametric tests were utilized to study the relationship between the seven independent variables and educational attainment; an ordered logistic regression was conducted to study the relationship between the independent variables as a group and educational attainment of the single-father student. Results were largely non-significant; however, positive relationships were found to exist between educational attainment and occupation, parents in the childhood home, and average hours worked per week. While non-significant, these results do provide insight into potential future areas of research regarding the single-father student.
Keywords: Tinto, single-father students, adult learners, NLSY97, educational attainment, pre-entry attributesI: INTRODUCTION 1 -- Background 1 -- Statement of the Problem 4 -- Research Questions 4 -- Significance of the Problem 4 -- Limitations and Delimitations 5 -- Definition of Terms 7 -- II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 9 -- Tinto’s Model 9 -- History of the Application of Tinto’s Model 12 -- Concerns Regarding the Application of Tinto’s Model 23 -- Single-Parent Students 27 -- The Unicorn: Single-Father Students 32 -- National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) 37 -- III: METHODS AND PROCEDURES 40 -- Population and Sample 40 -- Research Questions 47 -- Measures 47 -- Procedures 48 -- Data Analysis 49 -- IV: RESULTS 59 -- Statistical Results 59 -- Conclusions 72 -- V: DISCUSSION 78 -- Overview 78 -- Summary of Findings 79 -- Recommendations for Further Research 84 -- REFERENCES 87 -- APPENDIX A: NLSY97 Data Categories 97 -- APPENDIX B: Summary of Sample Design 99 -- APPENDIX C: Institutional Review Board Exemption Report 101 -- APPENDIX D: NLSY97 Data Fields for Educational Attainment 103 -- APPENDIX E: RQ1 Variables Matched to NLSY97 Fields 105 -- APPENDIX F: RQ2 Variables Matched to NLSY97 Fields 107 -- APPENDIX G: Ordered Logistic Regression Results 110Waugh, C. KeithOtt, KennethKuck, SarahEd.D.Adult and Career Educatio
Ecotoxicological effects of lithium chloride on Lyngbya wollei
Get PDFLyngbya wollei is a filamentous cyanobacterium that plagues freshwater environments of the Southeastern United States because it impedes freshwater navigation and recreation, and produces harmful cyanotoxins along with a foul odor. Current treatment plans for L. wollei blooms include numerous biological and mechanical methods, while chemical control is primarily limited to application of copper- and aluminum-based compounds that often have significant negative side effects. Here, we investigate the potential of lithium compounds as control agents for L. wollei. Lithium is not expected to bioaccumulate, has terrific bioremediation potential, and is relatively non-toxic, exhibiting qualities that make it an excellent candidate for an agent of chemical algal control. In this experiment, cultures of L. wollei were exposed to lithium chloride in concentrations increasing up to 400 mg/L. Additionally, filamentous freshwater green algae were also treated with lithium chloride, in order to gain some insight into the specificity of lithium chloride for L. wollei. In a separate set of experiments, L. wollei filaments were exposed to the antibiotics streptomycin, tetracycline, and isoniazid, and to equivalent concentrations of potassium chloride. Filaments were checked for damage using a light microscope, and PAM-fluorometry was used to investigate changes in photosynthetic activity. The effect concentration of lithium chloride was determined to be between 100-200 mg/L for L. wollei and >400 mg/L for freshwater green algae. The antibiotics did not effectively damage the filaments, but the potassium chloride solution produced damage at the effect concentration of lithium, indicating a promising field for further investigation. PAM-fluorometry results suggest that the mechanism by which lithium chloride damages and kills cells in the filaments is unrelated to photosynthesis- the effects observed could be attributed to seasonal variation in L. wollei. In the highest concentration treatment group, freshwater microorganisms were observed, suggesting that lithium chloride may be a safe and effective means of chemical control of freshwater cyanobacteria, pending further experimentation.
Keywords: Lyngbya wollei, lithium chloride, ecotoxicological effects, filamentous cyanobacteriaIntroduction 1 -- Materials And Methods… 7 -- Results 12 -- Discussion 22 -- Conclusion 32 -- References 33Nienow, James A.Chambers, EricManning, ThomasM.S.Biolog
The Effect of High School Schedules on Ninth Grade Student Achievement Indicators and Overall School Performance Measures: A Mixed Methods Study
Get PDFHigh schools around the nation are attempting to find a solution to the "9th-grade bulge," and the ever-growing systematic problem of 9th grade retention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the daily bell schedule on ninth-grade student achievement and overall school performance. A mixed method, sequential explanatory design was utilized to compare the two most common bell schedules; 7-period and 4 X 4 block. The quantitative portion of the study examined 9th grade achievement on the Georgia Milestones End-of-Course (EOC) Assessments and the overall school performance was measured by the College Career Performance Index (CCRPI) and its components. Twelve principals were interviewed for the qualitative section to gain more insight on the quantitative results.
Keywords: High School Schedules, Traditional Schedule, 7-period schedule, Block Schedule, Ninth Grade Student Achievement, Georgia MilestonesChapter I: INTRODUCTION 1 -- Conceptual Framework 1 -- Statement of the Problem 5 -- Purpose of the Study 6 -- Research Questions 7 -- Significance of the Study 10 -- Methodology 11 -- Definition of Terms 12 -- Organization of the Study 14 -- Chapter II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 16 -- Historical Review of High School Scheduling 16 -- Theories of Schedule Reform 22 -- Block vs. Traditional Schedules 24 -- Traditional Scheduling 28 -- Block Scheduling 30 -- Block Scheduling and Student Achievement 34 -- Advantages of Block Scheduling 38 -- Ninth Grade Retention and Transition 41 -- Summary 47 -- Chapter III: METHODOLOGY 48 -- Research Questions 48 -- Research Design 51 -- Participants 53 -- Quantitative Component 53 -- Qualitative Component 53 -- Instrumentation 54 -- Quantitative Component 54 -- Validity 56 -- Reliability 58 -- Qualitative Component 58 -- Data Collection 60 -- Quantitative Component 60 -- Qualitative Component 60 -- Data Analysis 61 -- Quantitative Component 61 -- Qualitative Component 62 -- Summary 63 -- Chapter IV: RESULTS 65 -- Quantitative Results 68 -- Results by Question 70 -- Qualitative Results 139 -- Participants 139 -- Demographic Characteristics 140 -- Results by Question 142 -- Interview Questions. 142 -- Summary 156 -- Chapter V: DISCUSSION 158 -- Literature Review 159 -- Methodology 166 -- Results 168 -- Quantitative Findings 168 -- Qualitative Findings 179 -- Limitations and Assumptions 187 -- Suggestions for Future Research 188 -- Conclusion 189 -- References 194 -- APPENDIX A: Letter to Expert Panel 204 -- APPENDIX B: Expert Panel Review Results and Interview Questions 205 -- APPENDIX C: Email Inviting Principals to Participate in Research 213 -- APPENDIX D: Informed Consent Form 214 -- APPENDIX E: Institutional Review Board Protocol Exemption Report 215 -- APPENDIX F: Clean Copy of R Code for factorial ANOVA 216Pate, James L.Brockmeier, Lantry L.Bochenko, Michael J.Ed.D.Educational Leadershi
Metaphysical Times Yule 2021
No full textThis item contains 1 PDF file with 20 pages with a title page and a table of contentsThis volume is the final volume for 2021 and talks about the Yule sabbat. The volume details what gods are celebrated at this time and how to establish an altar for worship. Additionally, the volume discusses the Krampus parade that occurred recently. The volume then discusses the zodiac, psychic protections, the usage of peppermint, and the relationship between gods and people