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Le motif (justification matérielle) du licenciement – Motif légitime, motif justifié et juste motif
No full textField missions reports
No full textReports of sampling and data collection missions in the Ouadi Rimé Ouadi Achim Wildlife Reserve in Chad under the doctoral project framework of Ngaba Waye Taroum Caleb.
Project duration: September 2023 - August 2027.These three reports summarize the fieldwork conducted between June 2024 and July 2025 as part of Mr. Caleb Ngaba Waye Taroum's doctoral research project within the Ouadi Rime Ouadi Achim National Wildlife Reserve (RFOROA). They describe the fieldwork, the data collection process and methodology, and the sampling of plant and animal extracts. They also provide a preliminary overview and present indices of plant diversity in the reserve's habitats. These missions were carried out with the authorization of the Chadian authorities of the Ministry of the Environment and the Ministry of Livestock (DGRFFP and IRED).
This research is conducted under the scientific supervision of the Conservation Biology Laboratory at the University of Neuchâtel, in partnership with the Institute of Science and Technology of Abéché (INSTA). We actively collaborate with the ZODIAC laboratory at the French Research Institute for Livestock and Development (IREVD), which provides support for the preservation, processing, and shipment of fecal matter to the Conservation Sciences Laboratory (Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies) at the University of Edinburgh (UK).
This research also benefits from the institutional and logistical support of the NGO Sahara Conservation and its administrative and field staff, as well as the technical support of the Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Zoological Society of London, and the Functional Biology Laboratory at the University of Neuchâtel.
The Swiss Confederation's Excellence Scholarship funds our training at the Doctoral School of Life Sciences (DSLS) at the University of Neuchâtel. Financially, this project has benefited from the support of the Rufford Foundation, the Ségré Foundation – IUCN Save Our Species and the University of Neuchâtel (Switzerland), through the Conservation Biology Laboratory
Conclusion: After the Spotlight
Get PDFThis conclusion briefly revisits the preceding chapters, drawing out common themes and proposing some questions for future research. Each chapter used mega-events to explore the internal dynamics of host societies after the global spotlight, investigating the implications of hosting on a variety of publics. Brought into comparative perspective, the chapters reveal a global community of host cities and societies, each suffering from similar broken promises and squandered potential. Regarding future research, the conclusion underscores the importance of local context, attention to difference, and the role of time, restating the book’s overall dedication to exploring beneath the glittering Potemkin surface of these perpetually popular but perniciously problematic mega-events
La force de chose jugée et le renoncement à attaquer toutes les décisions de l’assemblée des copropriétaires
Get PDFAnalyse de l’arrêt TF 5A_138/2024, 10 juillet 2025, IIe Cour de droit civi
Les particularités procédurales en cas de cession des droits de la masse (art. 260 LP), spécialement en cas de pluralité de cessionnaires
No full textLes créanciers cessionnaires au sens de l’art. 260 LP ne deviennent pas titulaires de la prétention matérielle, mais agissent en qualité de Prozessstandschafter, formant une consorité nécessaire formelle (ou improprement dite) qui implique une action ou une défense commune aboutissant à un jugement unique. Ce type particulier de consorité suppose une coordination entre cessionnaires, et peut donc engendrer des difficultés en cas de divergences stratégiques, de désaccord sur l’allocation des ressources ou lorsque l’un d’eux a intérêt à l’échec de la prétention. Cette étude examine successivement la nature et la preuve de la cession de l’art. 260 LP, la qualité pour agir des cessionnaires, les conclusions à prendre, la problématique des conflits d’intérêts, les délais applicables ainsi que l’organisation de la procédure, en particulier en cas de pluralité de créanciers
Transitheimat Schweiz : Entwurzelung und Humanitarismus im internationalen Flüchtlingsregime der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit 1943–1952
No full textUniNE, FLSH, Institut d’histoire, soutenue le 3.10.2025La thèse examine l'histoire croisée de la Suisse et du régime international des réfugiés au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Elle relie les historiographies nationales et internationales sur les migrations forcées et l'humanitarisme afin d'employer une méthodologie à plusieurs niveaux qui combine une analyse institutionnelle avec l'histoire sociale des acteurs de la base. S'appuyant sur des sources provenant de tous les niveaux de secours aux réfugiés, l'étude propose une périodisation en quatre phases distinctes entre 1943 et 1952 afin de montrer chronologiquement et thématiquement les interconnexions en question. Elle offre ainsi une réévaluation nuancée du rôle de la Suisse au sein du régime international des réfugiés au milieu du XXe siècle. Contrairement aux hypothèses précédentes, il existait une multitude de liens et d'interdépendances transfrontaliers à partir de 1943. Cela s'explique non seulement par la politique étrangère humanitaire du pays et sa position géographique et institutionnelle dans la reconstruction de l'Europe d'après-guerre, mais aussi par les actions des individus déplacés et des travailleurs humanitaires qui les ont aidés: la Suisse constituait à la fois une plaque tournante institutionnelle et logistique et une patrie de transit (Transitheimat) pour les acteurs impliqués.The dissertation examines the entangled history of Switzerland with the international refugee regime in the aftermath of the Second World War. It connects national and international histori-ographies on forced migration and humanitarianism to employ a multilayered methodology that combines an institutional analysis with the social history of actors from below. Drawing on sources from every level of refugee relief the study proposes a periodisation into four distinct phases between 1943 and 1952 to chronologically and thematically show the entanglements in question. It therefore offers a nuanced reassessment of Switzerland’s role within the mid-20th century international refugee regime. Contrary to previous assumptions, there existed a variety of cross-border connections and interdependencies from 1943 onwards. This was the case not simply due to the country’s humanitarian foreign policy and its geographical and institutional position in postwar European reconstruction but also through the actions of displaced people and the humanitarian workers that aided them: Switzerland thus constituted both an institutional and logistical hub and as a home in transit (Transitheimat) for the actors involved
Genetic variation among progeny shapes symbiosis in a basidiomycete with poplar
Get PDFForest trees rely on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi for acquiring scarce resources such as water and nutrients. However, the molecular mechanisms governing ECM traits remain inadequately understood, particularly the role of intraspecific fungal variation in root-tip colonisation and trophic interactions.
This study examined six ECM traits using Pisolithus microcarpus, an ECM fungus capable of forming ECM rootlets in poplar. A collection of 40 sibling monokaryons and their parental dikaryon was analysed through genome and transcriptome sequencing to examine quantitative trait loci, gene expression and mating-type loci.
These findings revealed a pronounced phenotypic continuum in poplar root colonisation by sibling monokaryons, ranging from incompatible to fully compatible strains. Genetic recombination among monokaryons was demonstrated, and genomic regions potentially involved in ECM fungal traits were identified. Transcriptomic analysis revealed greater differentiation in transcriptomic profiles between fungal strains than between fungal tissues, and uncovered tissue-specific functional responses for ECM and free-living mycelia. Poplar exhibited distinct transcriptomic responses when interacting with different sibling monokaryons and the parental dikaryon. Allele sorting at 11 mating-type loci confirmed the species' heterothallic tetrapolar system.
This study advances understanding of the genetic and transcriptomic mechanisms underlying ECM symbioses, highlighting intraspecific fungal diversity's role in forest ecosystem functioning
Crisis and Human Development
No full textCrises are everywhere – from environmental collapses, wars, and skyrocketing inequalities to ageing populations and pandemics, yet there is no universal way that individuals respond to these. What can be said about these? This is an invitation for us, loosely defined as social, cultural and developmental psychologists, to stop and think: we emphasise the role crises play in human and cultural development. Our starting point is that, to consider the relevance of crises for human societies and individuals, one needs to address them in time, that is, developmentally; and that one cannot understand development without understanding of crises. Furthermore, a sociocultural psychological perspective is particularly suited for teasing out people’s diverse experiences and perspectives on similar events, and how crises emerge, develop, and resonate in unique ways across life courses. This article first retraces the etymology of the terms crises and development, and then reviews how crises and development have been articulated in the history of psychology. From there, we turn to the question of crises in development. We present three epistemological principles of our sociocultural stance for studying crises and developments: temporalities and spatialities matters; experiences are dialogical and perspectival; and an idiographic approach offers fertile ground for capturing their complexity.tru
Policy on the use of Machine Translation (MT): A good model for wider policies on Generative AI (GenAI)?
Get PDFSince the advent of ChatGPT and other automatic text generators, educators from many disciplines, including language learning and teaching, have published numerous articles exploring this technology’s “pitfalls and potentials” (Barrot, 2023) and offering recommendations based on their own practice to teachers, users, and institutional decision-makers. But it is early days yet, and, while recognising the need to offer guidance, there is not enough scientific data to create evidence-based policies. Having been working on machine translation (MT) literacy (Bowker & Buitrago Ciro, 2019; Cotelli Kureth & Summers, 2023) for several years, we have developed guidelines for the use of machine translation (MT) tools in higher education, which have been implemented in a Swiss university. Given that MT tools share technical features with generative AI (GenAI) tools like ChatGPT, we believe that applied knowledge of the former could facilitate understanding of the latter. This article will draw on both our own experience and a thorough literature review of recommendations for the use of GenAI for higher education institutions (HEI) to map what guidelines on the use of GenAI should include and how they should be presented to teachers and users.tru