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Exposure to pollutants for household cooking and lighting and pediatric post-discharge mortality following a severe infection in Uganda
No full textBackground: Particulate matter from household air pollution (HAP) is linked to half of all lower respiratory infection deaths among children under 5 years of age. In rural Uganda, similar number of children die 6-months post discharge as during hospitalization for severe infections. However, it is unclear whether exposure to HAP contributes to poor health and death after discharge. We investigated the association between cooking and household lighting practices and mortality 6-months post-discharge among children under 5 years of age treated for severe infection in rural Uganda.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from observational cohort studies, conducted between July 2017 to July 2021, among 6,955 children 0 to 5 years admitted to one of six Ugandan hospitals for a severe infectious illness. Clinical signs and symptoms, sociodemographic variables, and mortality up to 6-months post-discharge was collected for all participants, and follow-up rates were >95%. Exposure variables included type of cooking fuel used, location of cooking (e.g. indoors, outdoors), and primary source of household lighting. We assessed post-discharge mortality using simple and multivariate Poisson regression.
Results: The unadjusted risk ratio of 6-month post-discharge mortality by dual or single exposure to pollutant fuel sources for cooking indoors and household lighting, when compared to minimal exposure, was 1.57 (95%CI 1.17, 2.11) and 1.20 (95%CI 0.94, 1.54), respectively. Adjusting for age, sex, distance to hospital, maternal education, and maternal HIV status, the adjusted risk ratios for dual and single exposure became 1.30 (95%CI 0.96, 1.76] and 1.08 (95%CI 0.84, 1.38). There was no significant interaction between exposure and age, sex, maternal education, or anemia status.
Results: This analysis did not find a statistically significant association between HAP and 6-month post-discharge mortality. However, HAP cannot be ruled out as a contributor in this population where malnutrition, comorbidities and sociodemographic vulnerabilities are common.
Data Collection Methods: All data were collected at the point of care using encrypted study tablets and these data were then uploaded to a Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) database hosted at the BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute (Vancouver, Canada).
At admission, trained study nurses systematically collected data on clinical, social and demographic variables. Following discharge, field officers contacted caregivers at 2 and 4 months by phone, and in-person at 6 months, to determine vital status, post-discharge health-seeking, and readmission details. Verbal autopsies were conducted for children who had died following discharge.
Data Processing Methods: A proxy exposure variable was created to classify whether each participant was exposed to a pollutant fuel source. This was stratified into three exposure levels.
Ethics Declaration: These studies were approved by the Mbarara University of Science and Technology Research Ethics Committee (15/10–16, 27-Jan-2017), and the University of British Columbia–Children and Women’s Health Centre of British Columbia Research Ethics Board (H16–02679, 09-May-2017).
Study Protocol & Supplementary Materials:
Smart Discharges to improve post-discharge health outcomes in children: A prospective before-after study with staggered implementation NOTE for restricted files: If you are not yet a CoLab member, please complete our membership application survey to gain access to restricted files within 2 business days.
Some files may remain restricted to CoLab members. These files are deemed more sensitive by the file owner and are meant to be shared on a case-by-case basis. Please contact the CoLab coordinator at [email protected] or visit our website
IEA Energy Prices and Taxes Statistics. Spot market and crude oil import costs - Crude oil spot prices, 1960-2023
No full textThis dataset includes various crude oil products listed by their respective market spot prices. Includes monthly, quarterly and yearly average crude oil spot market prices (fob), by crude product/geographic origin (11 grades or benchmarks). [Dataset editions 2015-2023]
Supplemental data and R code for: A novel method for testing the impacts of pesticide exposure on soil-nesting insects: A case study using the ant Lasius neoniger and the neonicotinoid insecticide Imidacloprid
No full textDatasets related to the creation of a novel, cheap, replicable, and field relevant ecotoxicological laboratory method for testing non-target soil insects. Lasius neoniger is agriculturally wide-spread, and easy to rear under laboratory conditions. Soil applications of imidacloprid at below 0.1% of recommended field rates are lethal to a common non-target ant species. Imidacloprid significantly impacted ant grooming, decreasing chance of survival
Fichier des codes postaux par circonscriptions électorales fédérales [Canada], novembre 2000, Recensement de la population 1996
No full textLe FCPCEF est un fichier numérique qui établit un lien entre le code postal à six caractères et les circonscriptions électorales fédérales du Canada (également appelées circonscriptions fédérales).
Selon Élections Canada, une circonscription électorale fédérale (CEF) est un endroit ou un territoire dont les habitants sont en droit d’élire un député à la Chambre des communes. Les limites légales et les descriptions des CEF sont du ressort du Directeur général des élections et sont généralement révisées tous les dix ans d’après les résultats du recensement décennal. Selon l’Ordonnance de représentation de 1996, dernière révision des limites des circonscriptions électorales fédérales, il y a 301 CEF au Canada
Certains codes postaux chevauchent les limites d’une ou de plusieurs CEF. Les utilisateurs apparient souvent le code postal de leur ensemble de données à la CEF du FCPCEF. Lorsqu’ils effectuent ce jumelage, les utilisateurs doivent se rappeler que le code postal de leurs données peut renvoyer à l’adresse postale d’une personne, et pas nécessairement à son adresse résidentielle. De même, le code postal de l’adresse d’une entreprise n’indique pas nécessairement l’emplacement des activités de l’entreprise.
La date de référence pour les codes postaux inclus dans le FCPCEF est la même date que celle retenue pour les codes postaux compris dans le Fichier de conversion des codes postaux (FCCP) diffusé en même temps que la présente version du FCPCEF</p
Supplementary material for Modeling Steady-State Ferrous Oxidation in Continuous Bioreactors for Non-contact Bioleaching
No full textSupplementary material for a manuscript submitted to the Journal of Sustainable Metallurg
Fichier de conversion des codes postaux [Canada], Decembre 2023, Recensement de la population 2021
No full textLe Fichier de conversion des codes postaux (FCCP) est un fichier numérique qui permet d'établir un lien entre les codes postaux à six caractères fournit par la Société canadienne des postes (SCP) et les unités géographiques normalisées de Statistique Canada pour lesquelles les données du recensement et d'autres statistiques sont produites. Les liens entre les codes postaux et les unités géographiques normalisées font du FCCP un outil permettant d'intégrer des données de diverses sources.
Pour obtenir le fichier de conversion des codes postaux ou pour des questions, consultez la personne-ressource IDD de votre établissement d'enseignement.
Les coordonnées géographiques attribuées à chaque code postal dans le FCCP sont généralement utilisées pour cartographier la distribution des données aux fins d'analyse spatiale (p. ex., les clients, les activités). Les renseignements sur la localisation s'avèrent un outil puissant aux fins de planification ou de recherche.
C'est en avril 1983 que la Division de la géographie a diffusé une première version du FCCP qui établissait un lien entre les codes postaux et les unités géographiques du recensement et comprenait des coordonnées géographiques. Depuis, le fichier a été actualisé de façon périodique afin de refléter les changements. Pour la présente édition du FCCP, les codes postaux sont directement géocodés aux régions géographiques du Recensement de 2021. Un indicateur de qualité pour la confiance de ce lien est disponible dans le FCCP.</p
IEA Oil Information Statistics. OECD imports, 1960-2022
No full textThis table focuses on the import of various energy products such as crude oil, refinery gas, natural gas liquids, fuel oil amongst OECD member countries. [Dataset editions 2015-2023]
Postal Code Federal Riding File [Canada], March 2008, Census of Canada 2006
No full textThe Postal Codes by Federal Ridings File (PCFRF) is a digital file which provides a link between the six- character postal code and Canada’s federal electoral districts (which are also known as federal ridings).
Elections Canada defines a federal electoral district (FED) as any place or territorial area entitled to return a Member of Parliament (MP) to serve in the House of Commons. Federal electoral district legal limits and descriptions are the responsibility of the Chief Electoral Officer, and are usually revised every ten years after the results of the decennial census. There are 308 FEDs in the 2003 Representation Order, the most recent revision of the federal electoral districts limits.
Some postal codes straddle one or more FED boundaries. The ‘unique link’ variable indicates if the postal code is linked to one or more FEDs. Users often link the postal code in their data set to the FED in the PCFRF. When performing this link, users should be aware that the postal code in their data set may represent a mailing address used by a person, not necessarily where the person actually resides. Similarly, a postal code in a business-based mailing address may not necessarily indicate where the business activity took place.
The reference date for postal codes contained in the PCFRF is the same date as the postal codes contained in the Postal Code Conversion File (PCCF) product released concurrently with this version of the PCFRF</p
Questionnaire for the Black Entrepreneurship in Canada National Quantitative Study
No full textThis is the questionnaire instrument used for the Black Entrepreneurship Knowledge Hub’s National Quantitative Study. Ce questionnaire a été conçu pour l’étude quantitative nationale du Carrefour du savoir pour l’entrepreneuriat des communautés noires.
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English Description
This is the questionnaire instrument used for the Black Entrepreneurship Knowledge Hub’s National Quantitative Study. The study aimed to provide a comprehensive, nationally representative cross-section of Canadian businesses, offering a snapshot of Black entrepreneurship across all regions with an intersectional perspective. Given the limited and fragmented research on Black entrepreneurship in Canada, this study establishes a detailed profile of Black Canadian entrepreneurs and their enterprises.
Description française
Ce questionnaire a été conçu pour l’étude quantitative nationale du Carrefour du savoir pour l’entrepreneuriat des communautés noires. Cette étude cherchait à fournir un échantillon représentatif et exhaustif des entreprises canadiennes détenues par des personnes noires, offrant un aperçu de l’entrepreneuriat des communautés noires dans toutes les régions du Canada avec une perspective intersectionnelle. Étant donné le manque de recherches approfondies et globales sur l’entrepreneuriat noir au Canada, cette étude dresse un portrait complet des entrepreneurs noirs canadiens et de leurs entreprises. </p
Replication Data for: Assessment of lasting pain following castration in 2-week-old calves
No full textFew methods are available to assess pain during healing and none are specific for pain following castration in calves. This study aimed to assess changes in lying behavior and memory as indicators of pain in the days and weeks after castration. Based on previous studies, we predicted that an increase in the number of short-duration lying bouts and incomplete lying bouts (bending front legs but hindquarters remain elevated) can serve as an indicator of evoked pain (i.e., associated with pressure on the wound), and that deficits in reference memory can serve as an indicator of cognitive load associated with lasting pain. Forty 14-day-old male calves (24 Holstein; 16 Holstein x Angus crossbred) were pseudo-randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments based upon a 2 x 2 factorial design, considering castration method (band vs. surgical castration), with or without supplementary week-long meloxicam treatment. At castration, all calves were provided multimodal analgesia, including sedation, a local block, and ketoprofen; calves in meloxicam treatment received additional pain medication (meloxicam) every other day during the 1st and 4th weeks following castration, when previous research suggests they experience the most pain. Lying behavior was recorded using accelerometers from 4- to 42-day of age. Calf memory was tested daily using a modified hole-board test in weeks 1 and 4. The day after castration calves in all 4 treatments engaged in more short-duration lying bouts compared to castration day (3.50 ± 0.54 vs. 6.38 ± 0.54), suggesting that the multimodal analgesia provided was insufficient to fully alleviate pain on the day after castration. Band-castrated calves exhibited a greater number of short-duration lying bouts on the day following castration compared to surgically castrated calves (7.64 ± 0.79 vs. 5.13 ± 0.74) indicative of more pain in band-castrated calves at this time. We found limited effects of castration method or additional meloxicam administration on behaviors during the 4th week after castration. We found no effect of castration method or supplemental NSAID on measures of calf memory. Our work provides the first evidence that an increased number of short lying bouts can serve as an indicator of pain in calves during the first days after castration