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ENSURING EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL DEVICES THROUGH SAFE USE OF MEDICAL DEVICES AND EVIDENCE-BASED MANAGEMENT
Full text linkTo ensure effective management of medical devices, it is imperative that medical devices must be safe and inoffensive, and their management must be based on evidence. Thus, to help enhance the safety of medical devices, a new mechanism for the periodic compliance assessment of medical devices has been developed. The mechanism involves the assessment of general safety, electrical safety and performance parameters in line with international best practice. At the same time, the effective management of medical devices requires data and information related to medical devices and their lifecycle events, which can be obtained through the medical device management information system. The establishment and implementation of efficient management of medical devices, involves strengthening the capacities of medical devices’ management, in order to be able to respond to the current requirements of the health system, in such a way as to ensure the functionality of medical devices and the safe and efficient use of medical devices. Accordingly, the implementation of efficient management of medical devices is fundamental for providing qualitative, safe and efficient medical devices, which contributes to increasing the quality of medical services
FAKE NEWS DETECTION IN MOLDOVA’S INFORMATION SPACE
Full text linkThis work is devoted to the development of a system for automatic detection of fake news in Russian, relevant for the region of the Republic of Moldova and its neighboring countries. Initially, a representative dataset of fake and real news was collected from the news sites. Several machine learning models were applied for fake news detection, including Naive Bayes classifier, logistic regression, nearest neighbors, support vector machines, and random forest. The results demonstrated that support vector machines and random forest provide the highest accuracy of classification, reaching 91%, which is an impressive result for such difficult task. The developed system helps protecting society from disinformation, which is especially important in the modern world, where the information warfare and political manipulation have become commonplace
CONSTRAINTS IN SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH: DATA COLLECTION AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES FOR HARD-TO-REACH POPULATION
Full text linkIn recent times, various methodological approaches and techniques are used in carrying out social science research, particularly in unlikely situations and among people in hard-to-reach places. This paper intends to explore new trend in research, statistical tools, its relative importance and usefulness for carrying out survey research in hard-to-reach places. It will also contrast and compare the effectiveness of methods used, and in addition, probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling techniques needed for hard-to-reach places will be addressed. Thus, inferences will be drawn in order to proffer probable solutions for solving future methodological issues relating to social science-based research studies in hard-to-reach-places
THE IMPACT OF AUTHORIZATION IN THE ASSESSMENT OF RISKS AND SAFETY MEASURES OF OVERSIZED TRANSPORT ACTIVITY
Full text linkThe article aims to analyze the regulations and regulatory framework regarding the authorization of oversized transport, highlighting their importance in ensuring road safety and protecting the infrastructure. It also assesses the risks associated with oversized transport and implement the necessary safety measures. A descriptive and analytical approach is used, examining the doctrine in conjunction with relevant national and international legislation in the field of oversized transport. The author analyzes researchers’views, national and international normative acts that regulate the road transport of oversized goods, the conditions necessary for obtaining special transport authorizations, and the specific risks associated with these operations. The study highlights that the authorization of oversized transport is essential for preventing accidents and protecting road infrastructure. Existing regulations impose strict requirements for obtaining the Special Transport Authorization (AST), including approvals from the competent authorities and compliance with specific technical conditions. It also emphasizes assessing risks such as damage to goods, road obstacles, adverse weather conditions and proper load handling. Implementing safety measures, such as the use of properly equipped escort vehicles, is crucial to reducing the risks associated with oversized transport
VIRUSUL ÎNALT PATOGEN AL GRIPEI AVIARE ÎN EUROPA – TENDINȚE ȘI RISCURI DE RĂSPÂNDIRE GEOGRAFICĂ
Full text linkAvian influenza, is a highly contagious viral disease which over the last decades has provoked increased interest in scientific research and veterinary surveillance. Avian influenza viruses that affect birds fall into two distinct categories: highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses. At present, only viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 have been shown to cause HPAI infections. In recent years, outbreaks of HPAI have occurred in poultry in Europe, caused by the H5N1 HPAI virus, which has spread to poultry and wildlife, encompassing Asia, Europe and Africa. The study presents an analysis of the epidemiology, ecology and evolution of the avian influenza virus in the context of poultry-wildlife interactions and conclusions based on the associated risk assessment in Europe.
Influența aviară este o boală virală, foarte contagioasă, care pe parcursul ultimilor decenii a condus la un interes sporit în domeniul de cercetare științifică și supraveghere sanitar-veterinară. Virusurile gripei aviare care afectează păsările se clasifică în două categorii distincte: virusurile influenței aviare înalt patogene (HPAI) și cele slab patogene (LPAI). S-a stabilit că, doar virusurile din subtipurile H5 și H7 produc infecții înalt patogene HPAI. În ultimii ani, în Europa la păsările de curte s-au înregistrat focare provocate de virusul H5N1, care s-a răspândit la păsările de curte și cele din fauna sălbatică, cuprinzând Asia, Europa și Africa. În studiul prezentat, se conține o analiză al aspectelor epidemiologice, ecologice și evoluția virusului gripei aviare, în contextul interacțiunii dintre păsările de curte și cele sălbatice, precum și concluzii bazate pe evaluarea riscurilor asociate în Europa
EVALUAREA HIBRIZILOR SIMPLI ȘI SIMPLI MODIFICAȚI DE PORUMB TIMPURIU DEZVOLTAȚI ÎN MODELUL HETEROTIC IODENT X BSSS-B37
Full text linkThis article reports on the research results concerning: 1) the climatic conditions influence on the productivity of the single cross and modified single early maize hybrids based on the related crosses A x A1; 2) the modification of the single cross hybrid Porumbeni 310; 3) the inbred lines and related crosses tolerance to low soil temperatures. The investigations included 309 single crosses and 255 single modified hybrids tested in 2021-2024 under extremely contrasting meteorological conditions. Inbred lines and related crosses of Iodent heterotic group have been used as female components of the hybrids. The experimental date of single crosses and modified single hybrids show insignificant differences concerning the duration of the emergence-silking and physiological maturity period, moisture and grain production in different meteorological conditions of the testing years. The comparative analysis of 12 inbred lines and 15 related crosses in 2021 and 2023 demonstrates the meteorological conditions influence on kernel size, differences being recorded for the weight of 1000 kernels (TKW). For this indicator, related crosses are superior to inbred lines, their TKW being 49,2 g (25,5%) higher in the favorable 2021 and 22,9 g (15,1%) higher in 2023. The related crosses manifested a heterozis effect on the plant hight, silking, grain yield and tolerance to lower soil temperatures. Investigations concerning the modification of single cross hybrid Porumbeni 310 resulted in creation of its analogue Porumbeni 309 with a significantly higher grain yield under stressing environmental conditions
BARIERELE ÎN APLICAREA INOVAȚIILOR ÎN SECTORUL AGROAILIMENTAR AL REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
Full text linkThe main objectives of the research were: a) to elucidate the conceptual essence and typology of innovation barriers; b) to assess the innovation barriers in the agri-food sector of the Republic of Moldova and, based on this, to identify directions for reducing their impact. In order to achieve the research objectives, the following methods were applied: bibliographic study, data grouping method, opinion survey, systematization, generalization, and deduction. As a result of the research, the main barriers hindering innovation in the agri-food sector of the Republic of Moldova were identified, and a comparative analysis was conducted between the perceived impact of these barriers by sector representatives and the impact deduced through their analysis based on the Oslo Manual. Consequently, recommendations were formulated to rationalize the innovation activities of enterprises in the agri-food sector, aimed at reducing the influence of innovation barriers
INFLUENȚA ASOLAMENTULUI ȘI A FERTILIZĂRII ASUPRA PRODUCTIVITĂȚII ORZULUI DE TOAMNĂ SEMĂNAT DIRECT DUPĂ PORUMB PENTRU BOABE
Full text linkThe article presents the results of a long-term experiment conducted between 2015 and 2024 within an organic farming system (non-certified). The study focused on the influence of two types of crop rotation (one including perennial legume-grass mixtures and the other including annual legume-grass mixtures), as well as the effect of organo-mineral fertilization expressed through carry-over impact, on soil water reserves and yield of winter barley grown after grain corn under zero tillage conditions. The study analyzed two treatments: unfertilized and fertilized, without the use of plant protection products during the entire experimental period. Soil water reserves were determined down to a depth of 200 cm both in spring (at the regeneration of vegetation) and after harvest, in order to evaluate water use efficiency under conservation soil tillage conditions. The results indicate that crop rotations with annual legume-grass mixtures (vetch+oat) ensured higher grain yields, exceeding by 1.16-1.21 t/ha those obtained in rotations with perennial species (alfalfa+ryegrass), independently of fertilization. The residual effect of organo-mineral fertilization was limited and not statistically significant. The highest yields were obtained in years characterized by a moderate rainfall regime. The evolution of soil water reserves reflects the complex interaction between crop rotation structure, rainfall, and fertilization. The differences between the variants with perennial legume-grass mixtures and the annual legume-grass mixtures are significant, and the influence of fertilization varies depending on the year and the soil depth analyzed. The integration of vetch+oat mixture into the crop rotation system promotes efficient use of available moisture and high productivity in favorable thermal conditions, while crop rotations with alfalfa+ryegrass mixture can ensure a better resilience in dry years. The study provides a scientific basis for developing effective agroecological solutions aimed at the sustainable increase of winter barley yield, reduction of production costs, and mitigation of the negative effects of climate change on agricultural systems.
Articolul prezintă rezultatele unui experiment de lungă durată desfășurat în perioada 2015–2024 în cadrul unui sistem de agricultură ecologică (necertificat). Studiul a vizat influența a două tipuri de asolament (cu amestec de ierburi leguminoase și graminee perene și amestec de leguminoase și graminee anuale), precum și impactul fertilizării organo-minerale, manifestată prin efectul de postacțiune, asupra rezervei de apă din sol și a producției orzului de toamnă cultivat după porumb pentru boabe, fiind aplicată tehnologia cu lucrarea zero a solului. Au fost analizate două variante: fond nefertilizat și fond fertilizat, fără utilizarea produselor de uz fitosanitar pe par cursul întregii perioade experimentale. A fost determinată rezerva de apă în sol până la adâncimea de 200 cm, atât în perioada de primăvară (la reînceperea vegetației), cât și după recoltare, pentru a evalua eficiența utilizării apei în condițiile sistemului conservativ de lucrare a solului. Rezultatele indică faptul că asolamentele cu ierburi leguminoase și graminee anuale (măzăriche+ovăz) au asigurat producții de boabe mai ridicate, cu 1,16-1,21 t/ha față de cele cu amestec de specii perene (lucernă+raigras), indiferent de fertilizare. Postacțiunea fertilizării organo-minerale a avut un efect redus și nesemnificativ statistic. Producțiile maxime s-au obținut în anii cu regim pluviometric moderat. Evoluţia rezervelor de apă în sol reflectă interacțiunea complexă dintre structura asolamentului, regimul pluviometric și aplicarea fertilizării. Diferențele între variantele cu graminee+leguminoase perene și cele anuale sunt semnificative, iar influența fertilizării se manifestă în mod variabil în funcție de an și adâncimea solului analizată. Integrarea amestecului de măzăriche+ovâz în asolament favorizează o valorificare eficientă a umidității disponibile și o productivitate ridicată în condiții termice favorabile, în timp ce asolamentele cu amestec de lucernă+raigras pot asigura o mai bună reziliență în anii secetoși. Studiul permite fundamentarea unor soluții agroecologice eficiente pentru creșterea sustenabilă a producției de orz de toamnă, reducerea cheltuielilor de producere și atenuarea efectelor negative ale schimbărilor climatice asupra sistemelor agricole
CASCADE CONTROL ALGORITHM OF THE ROBOTIC ARM'S SERVOMOTOR
Full text linkIn this paper, there have been synthesized the control algorithms in cascade control systems. The control object is the robotic arm which is actuated by a servo motor presented as an automatic cascade control system which is consisting of two loops. The use of multiple loops is justified by the fact that with a single loop, only one parameter of the servo motor is controlled, which leads to a decrease in the reliability of the automatic system. A case study was carried out for a direct current electric motor, where proportional (P), proportional-integral (PI), and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithms were used, with P and PI applied to the inner loop, and P, PI, and PID to the outer loop. The system was simulated with the synthesized algorithms and the results were analyzed, it was established that the system has robustness and high performance for the case of using maximum stability degree method with iterations
LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR VOLTAGE-TO-FREQUENCY MULTI-ZONE CONTROL OF SYNCHRONOUSLY MODULATED POWER ELECTRONIC INVERTERS
Full text linkThe publication presents a brief analysis of the results from the study on power electronic converters based on voltage source inverters (VSIs) and neutral-point-clamped inverters (NPCIs) with scalar control modes implemented by algorithms of synchronous multizone pulsewidth modulation (SMZ PWM). This control and modulation strategy can provide both linear and required non-linear relationships between the output voltage and the fundamental frequency of the inverters (Voltage/Frequency (V/F)). The simulation results demonstrated the behavior of two inverter-based drive systems controlled by algorithms of SMZ PWM, providing both linear and non-linear V/F relationships. Thus, the appropriately modified techniques of SMZ PWM, used for regulating inverters of adjustable speed electric drives, ensure continuous synchronization and symmetry of phase and line voltages in these electrical power conversion systems over the entire regulation range