Journal of Science Innovations and Nature of Earth
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SYNERGISTIC LARVICIDAL ACTION OF INDIGENOUS PLANT EXTRACTS IN COMBINATION AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
No full textThe most effective methods for addressing the problems of insecticide resistance and environmental pollution are expected to be phytochemicals. The current study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of metabolites from three indigenous plants in combination (Argemone mexicana, Tinospora cordifolia, and Prunus persica) in controlling Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. The leaf and seed of Argemone mexicana, Prunus persica, and the leaf of Tinospora cordifolia and two solvents (ethanol and petroleum ether) making a total 7 combination groups (A to G) were used in bioassay to determine LC50 and LC90 values. Combination group- A (ethanolic + ethanolic extracts of seed of Prunus persica and Argemone mexicana) LC50 and LC90 values of 70.79 and 169.59 ppm after 24 h post-exposure. Similarly, other combination groups- B, C, D, E, F, and G with LC50 values of 58.88, 74.13, 81.28, 89.12, 61.65, and 57.54 ppm, respectively, and LC90 values of 147.91, 173.78, 229.08, 269.15, 162.18, and 151.35 ppm, respectively, within 24 h. In combination, against the third instar larvae, all the treatments were shown great larvicidal potential (P<0.05). The regression equation showed a dose-dependent mortality, the mortality rate was positively correlated with the concentration. Results showed plant metabolites can be used in combination as eco-friendly insecticides for the control of dengue vectors
EXTRACT OF SAHIJAN (DRUMSTICK): AN APPROACH TO WATER DESSIPATION
Get PDFThe water sample was collected from major five banks of river Ganga in Kanpur. The various physio-chemical parameters was applied to test the quality of water. It was found that the water quality was unpotable and not fit for daily uses. The seeds of Moringa oleifera was collected from Mangla Vihar area of Kanpur. The seed was shade-dried and extract was prepared with petroleum ether. The 10ml of the extract was used to treat 1000ml of sample water and the result was amazing. The extract was able to bind with individual particle of contaminants within 72 hrs. forming „floc‟. The bacteria and virus were enmeshed with floc in seven days. The water in 7 days became as clear as fresh water. This is cheap, edible indigenous natural product for water dissipation
ANTIBIOTIC SUCESPBILITY PATTERN OF PSUEDOMONAS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM WASTE WATER AND SEDIMENTS FROM ABATTOIR IN MAKURDI METROPOLIS
Get PDFTo determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas spp isolated from waste water and waste water sediments from abattoir in Makurdi metropolis. The samples of waste water and sediment were collected from drainage point immediately after slaughter slab where the solid parts (sludge) of the sewage was separated with the use of wire mesh to enable free settling sediment. Thus, samples were collected from four different abattoirs, located in North Bank, Wurukum, Modern Market and Wadata area of Makurdi metropolis. All the pseudomonas spp were examined microscopically. The samples were analyzed morphologically, culturally, and further subjected to biochemical tests using standard microbiological practices. The Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. From the quantification of isolates, the colony count ranged between 35.2x 103Cfu/ml to 2.0x109 Cfu/ml in waste water sediments. Colony count in waste water ranged from 7.2×103 Cfu/ml to 1.6×109 cfu/ml. The isolates showed resistance to Augumentin, Chloramphanicol, Septrin, while Ciprofloxacin, Amoxalin, Streptomycin and perfloxacin were highly susceptible and effective. Adequate treatment of waste water from this abattoir is highly recommended to reduce contamination and spread of infections leading to public health hazards. Furthermore, The butchers, sellers and workers in abattoirs should be educated on the importance of practicing good personal and environmental hygiene so to stop the spread of these organisms
RESPONSE OF ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) TO DEFICIT IRRIGATION UNDER SURFACE AND DRIP IRRIGATION METHODS IN THE CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY OF ETHIOPIA
No full textThe study was carried out at the Melkass Agricultural Research Experimental Field, Adama, Ethiopia, to assess the onion response to deficit irrigation under drip and surface irrigation methods. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design, split-plot arrangement and replicated thrice. Irrigation methods were employed for the main plot, and the sub-plots were divided into five irrigation levels: 100% ETc (full irrigation), 85% ETc, 70% ETc, 60% ETc, and 50% ETc. The irrigation was applied throughout the growing season. Onion vegetative parameters and yield were collected and analyzed. The study found that variations in yield, yield parameters, and water productivity were highly significant (P≤ 0.01). The results showed that when water deficit levels increased, onion bulb yield declined. In contrast, higher water productivity was observed as the level of water deficit increased. On average, the highest total onion bulb yield was observed (50.4 t/ha) by applying 100 ETc via drip irrigation method. Although, 85%ETc and 70%ETc irrigation level irrigating via the same irrigation method were shows equivalent and non-significant variation on onion total bulb yield. On the other hand, in furrow irrigation techniques the highest and the lowest onion yield was obtained irrigating conventionally (every other furrow) with 100% ETc irrigation level and vial Alternate furrow irrigation with 50% ETc level of irrigation respectively. However, acceptable yield variation and significantly higher WP were observed when irrigating via Alternate furrow irrigation technique with application of 85%ETc and 70% ETc irrigation level as compared to full irrigation using convectional furrow irrigation method. An Alternate furrow irrigation technique coupled with different level of irrigation could save substantial amount of irrigation water; thereby enable to irrigate more land and different types of crop in area where water was not enough for full irrigation. Therefore, the study reveals that onions could be irrigated via drip and an Alternate furrow irrigation method combined with 85%ETc and 70%ETc of level irrigation to enhance water productivity without considerably reducing total onion bulb yield
DETERMINATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF BREAD AND SANITATION CONDITIONS OF LOCAL BAKERIES IN ALIERO TOWN, KEBBI STATE
Get PDFVarious changes and variations can occur during the bread-making and storage process that affect the safety, quality characteristics, and acceptability of the bread. The present study was aimed at the determination of the microbiological quality of bread and sanitation conditions of local bakeries in Aliero town, kebbi State. A total of 16 bread samples (3 from each bakery) were collected. Sociodemographic and sanitation condition data were collected through interviews and using an observational checklist. Standard microbiological methods were used for the enumeration, isolation, and identification of bacteria and fungi. The result of sanitary conditions shows that four bakeries (66%) use boreholes as source of water supply, two (33%) use well and none of them use pipe borne. In addition, zero (0%) use a flush system of latrine, and 66% have a pit-latrine while 33% have no latrine facility. All (100%) have stored refuse properly and also use open surface/ditch as a waste disposal method
IMPACT OF FAMILY DISORGANIZATION ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AMONG INDIANS FROM LOWER SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROUP
No full textA family is the building block of the society and is responsible for developing and carving the character of the child and his contribution to the society. But when this family get disrupted or disorganized then there can be seen a huge impact on the child behavior and character sometimes making him involve into unfair practices that harm him as well as the society he lives in collectively. Family disorganization like divorce, fights, separation and many other can lead to emotional distress in the child for a long term and ultimately leading him to do unfavorable activities and disrupting the harmony in the environment they exist. For e.g. school, tuition, society etc. This study aims at studying such behavior and more importantly the effect of family disharmony on illegal behavior of the children especially belonging to the low socioeconomic status. This study will further help in researches to find out various means to soothe out such disorganization in family so as to reduce the juvenile delinquency
AN ANALYSIS OF INTROSPECTION OF HEALTH EXPENDITURE AND FERTILITY RATE IN INDIA
Get PDFAn eco system is a dynamic complex of plant, animal and micro organism communities and the non-living environment interacting as a functional unit. Humans are an integral part of eco system. Ecosystem is refers to living organism and non-living components such as air, water, mineral and soil. The main objectives of this study are, to explained the growth rate of population and to estimate the relation between health expenditure and Infant Mortality Rate. This study is based on secondary data these data are collected from journals, articles and websites. Percentage and correlation tools are applied in this study. The findings of the study reveals that, in the year 2011 infant mortality rate in India is 44 Children are died in 1000 women. Then, 42, 40, 39, 37, 34 new born babies are die in the year 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 respectively. This study recommended that The Government should implement new policies to secure the people, the Health expenditure of the government must increase in future years And Government hospital health care facilities should increase because; more people are not wanted to go the Government Hospitals
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF KOREAN RED GINSENG ON THE HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN WISTAR RATS AFTER EXPOSURE OF ARTIFICIAL UV RAYS
Get PDFUV radiation is a type of non-ionizing radiation emitted by the sun or other artificial sources. Artificial UV radiations effects on nervous, respiratory, excretory and circulatory system in particular which shows extreme alterations by the causation of free radicals. The experimental protocol includes 5 sets viz., UV-B exposed group, UV-B + KRG treated group, KRG + UVB treated group, KRG treated group and control. Peripheral blood was drawn at pre-determined time intervals to observe haematological parameters. Free-radicals produced by UV-B, alters the membrane structure of blood cells by oxidative damage leads to photohemolysis at the level of bone marrow which attained normalcy following Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) root extract in order to intellect vitality enhancement, stress resistance and reimposition of hemostasis which registered positivity
DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFERENTIATION OF KERATINIZED ORAL ARMATURE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN A IN Bufo melanostictus STAGE 25 AND 30
Get PDFThe effect of vitamin A on development and differentiation of oral armature with particular reference of Bufo melanostictus (schneider) tadpoles of stage 25 and 30 of this toad species. Stage 25 and 30 untreated group tadpole’s shows well developed horny jaw and horny denticles. Treatment of Vitamin A to the tadpoles stage 25 and 30 cause’s gradual degeneration in both horny teeth and jaws. Fifteen days continuous treatment causes complete degeneration of horny jaws and horny teeth. Tadpoles of discountinous treated group shows reappearance of horny jaws and horny teeth and shows well recovery from the degenerating effect of vitamin A. It has been found to affect differentiation of oral armature in the toad tadpoles and the effect is more severe on younger tadpoles as compared to the older ones
CARBON NANOTUBES
Get PDFCarbon nanotubes can be defined as the single layered carbon fibres that are applicable in several fields. These carbon fibres are known as Carbon naotubes. After invention of high resolution of microscopes carbon nanotubes were able to recognize. Carbon nanotubes are the carbon molecules with have sp2 configurations of carbon atoms.The small diameter of CNT is an example of a one-dimensional periodic structure along the nanotube axis the confinement structure in CNT is provided by the monolayer thickness of the nanotube in a radial direction. Therefore carbon nanotubes are recognized as modern technology in various applications like medical, electronics, ceramics and many more. Hence in this chapter it will be try to conclude maximum applications and characteristics to be described