Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports
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Exploring the Roles of Master Teachers in Balancing Teaching and Leadership in Pudtol District, Philippines
No full textThis study investigates the complexities faced by master teachers in balancing their roles in teaching, mentoring, and leadership within the Schools Division of Apayao, Philippines. Master teachers are critical in enhancing educational outcomes, yet they often struggle with challenges related to workload management, lack of administrative support, and limited professional development opportunities. Utilizing a qualitative research design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 7 master teachers. Key findings reveal significant barriers that hinder their effectiveness, such as heavy teaching loads and insufficient time allocated for mentoring and leadership responsibilities. Participants expressed that despite these challenges, they perceive their effectiveness as having a positive influence on student outcomes. The study highlights the pressing need for targeted interventions and comprehensive professional development programs tailored to the specific needs of master teachers, enhancing their capacity to fulfill their dual responsibilities. Insights gained from this research aim to inform educational policies and practices, advocating for a nuanced understanding of the interplay between teaching, mentoring, and leadership in the Philippine educational landscape
Water Quality Assessment of Nkesa River, Rivers State, Nigeria
No full textThe study assessed the water quality parameters of the Nkesa River in comparison with National and International standards. In most urban-rural communities in developing countries especially Sub-Saharan Africa, surface waters (rivers, streams, and lakes among others) have been the most available sources of water used for domestic purposes. The water from these sources is contaminated with domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastes and is likely to cause water-related diseases. The study was carried out at Nkesa River, located in Ogba Egbema Ndoni Local Government Area in Rivers State in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, and lies between latitude 5⁰27’32.5" N and longitude 6⁰42\u2738.1" E. The samples were collected at the three different sampling points with 35cl plastic containers. There was a linear correlation among temperature, conductivity, and Dissolved oxygen and this correlation revealed that, due to anthropogenic activities, the water quality deteriorated increasingly as the water travelled from Site 1 to Site 3. The physicochemical parameters – pH, water temperatures, conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Suspended Solid, Hardness and Alkalinity were within the limits recommended by USEPA (2010) for the survival of aquatic organisms, as well as WHO (2004) for drinking purposes. However, the values of Dissolved Oxygen, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Biochemical Oxygen Demand, fell outside these limits. It is therefore recommended that, an urgent need to properly manage wastes in the cities and monitor anthropogenic (human) activities is germane, to ensure minimized effects on these parameters of Nkesa River. Sensitization should be carried out to educate the people on the dangers of ingestion. The need for constant monitoring of the levels of contamination to assess the impact of the heavy metals cannot be underestimated. Further study on the concentrations of hydrocarbons should be carried out in consideration of oil spillage in the area. This is necessary since the river serves as a source of drinking water, irrigation and fisheries for the local inhabitants
Discriminant and Multivariate Regression Analysis for Estimating Sex and Stature Model Using Upper Limb Anthropometric Measurements among the Yoruba Ethnic Group of Nigeria
No full textBackground: Estimating sex and stature using body measurements is an important aspect of forensic anthropology, bioarchaeology, and human identification.
Aim: The study is aimed to articulate the stature model using arm length, forearm-hand length and arm span amongst the Yoruba ethnic group of Nigeria.
Method: Standardized Anthropometric techniques were used to measure the data. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23, was used for data analysis. Discriminant and multivariate regression were used to estimate sex and stature. A probability less than 0.05 (p<0.05) was considered statistically significant, and 95% was denoted as the confidence level. A total of 400 subjects (200 females and 200 males) between the ages of 18-40 years were recruited for the study.
Result: The multivariate regression among the sexes to estimate stature using arm length, forearm-hand length, and arm span shows (R=0.82, SEE= 4.74), the stature predictive power of male was (R= 0.65, SEM=4.25) and the female stature (R= 0.75, SEM=4.14). The estimation for sex shows overall significance (X2=252.28, ƛ= 0.53, p<0.05).
Conclusion: The study shows a stronger correlation in all subjects. Also, it indicates that there is a stronger correlation in females than in males. Therefore, arm length, forearm-hand length and arm span can be used to predict height
Generalized Jacobsthal-Narayana Numbers and Generalized Co-Jacobsthal-Narayana Numbers
No full textThis paper introduces two innovative third-order recurrence sequences: the generalized Jacobsthal-Narayana sequence and the co-Jacobsthal-Narayana sequence. It examines their interrelated properties, including Binet’s formulas, generating functions, Simson’s formulas, and matrix representations, as well as their special subsequences. The study highlights unique relationships between recurrence equations and roots of characteristic equations, uncovering novel properties. These sequences hold promising potential for applications in various fields, such as number theory, combinatorics, cryptography, and modeling phenomena in physics, biology, and economics. For instance, the matrix representation of co-Jacobsthal-Narayana-Lucas numbers has implications for cryptographic systems
Green Chemistry Strategies to Enhance the Thermal Stability of PVC: A State-of-the-Art Overview on Plant Oil-Derived Stabilizers
No full textPolyvinyl chloride (PVC) finds use in various industries due to its versatility but is not thermostable, serving as a barrier to causing degradation and release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) under heat stress conditions. Lead and organotin compounds have traditionally been used for stabilizer purpose to discourage such degradation but pose serious ecological as well as health risks. As a counter measure, bio-based stabilizers from plant oils have become popular as a green and sustainable alternative. This review looks back at recent developments in plant oil-based stabilizers for PVC, focusing on the mechanisms of stabilization, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. We review plant oils such as tung oil, castor oil, and soybean oil, with their ability to improve the thermal stability of PVC. Although promising outcomes, there are still challenges to overcome, such as compatibility with the PVC matrix and scalability. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the current status of plant oil-based stabilizers and provides insights into directions for future research
Histology-Based Sub-chronic Toxicity Assessment of Target Heavy Metals from a Crude Oil Spill Using Testicular Histo-morphometry in Wistar Rats
No full textToxicology studies the harmful effects of chemical, biological and physical agents in biological systems, which establishes the extent of damage in living organisms. Toxicity tests can measure lethal and/or sublethal effects. This study was aimed at evaluating, in histological terms, the sub-chronic toxicity of some target crude oil contaminants on the histo-morphometry of the testes of exposed Wistar rats. The following target chemicals (TCs; cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni)) were selected based on findings from the literature review of chemical analysis done on the crude oil spill site. In estimation of the rat exposure dose (RED) for the study, OEDC (2001) reference oral LD50 dose for Wistar Rat (in mg/Kg of body weight) of the TCs – Cd (63mg/kg); Cr (46 mg/kg), Cu (481 mg/kg); Nickel (300 mg/kg) and Pb (600 mg/kg), was used as a guideline standard for the upper limits of dose administration. Thirty (30) inbred male Wistar rats of average weight 150-200g (5 for control and 25 for experimental – 5 for each of the five TC- treated groups) were obtained from the animal house of the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin for this study. Rats were later sacrificed, and the target organ (testis) excised and used for qualitative histological evaluation. Gross anatomical assessment showed that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) when correlating weight gain between the treated and control groups. This implies that the RED does not have a significant effect on the weight of Wistar Rats, which is consistent with other studies in which Wistar Rats were exposed to heavy metals. Histological evaluation showed the following major lesions: glomerular congestion, degeneration and necrosis; tubular degeneration and necrosis; Interstitial inflammation, haemorrhage and necrosis. This study gives credence to the fact that histology-based evidence is a veritable tool for assessing sublethal levels of environmental stressors in the certification of toxicity
Cultural and Technological Drivers of Consumer Engagement: A Comparative Study of Livestream Selling and Influencer Commerce in the U.S. and Asia
No full textThis study compares how livestream selling—where influencers promote and sell products in real-time—shapes consumer behavior in Asia and the United States, revealing key cultural and technological differences that global marketers must understand. In Asia, particularly China, livestreaming has become central to e-commerce, driven by collectivist values and strong social influence. Platforms like Taobao and Douyin (TikTok China) rely on community-driven events, product demos, and real-time engagement to drive sales. In contrast, U.S. consumers gravitate toward influencers on Instagram and TikTok who project authenticity and align with their personal values, emphasizing individualism and trust. Understanding these regional differences is critical for global marketers aiming to localize strategies and maximize impact.
By analyzing case studies and platform data, the research highlights how marketers must tailor their strategies: prioritizing social proof and group interaction in Asia, while emphasizing transparency and personal connection in the U.S. We urge marketers to adapt campaigns to regional differences in digital behavior to stay competitive. Looking ahead, trends such as virtual influencers and augmented reality could further transform consumer participation in livestream commerce
Histochemistry and the Biological Roles of Glycosaminoglycans: Clinical Significance in Human Tissues
No full textGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long, unbranched polysaccharides which are composed of repeating disaccharide units. They are negatively charged molecules which associate with proteins to yield proteoglycans. This study will examine the histochemistry, biological compositions and activities of GAGs in the human body. Histochemical identification methods of GAGs include Hale’s colloidal iron method, Periodic-acid-Schiff’s reaction (PAS), Alcian blue, and Metachromatic dyes. They exist naturally in different parts of the body, both in the free and protein-bound states. They play several important functions in human health, such as angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, and neurogenesis, a few mentioned. There are six different classes of GAGs found in various tissues of the body. The classes and quantities of GAGs found in the body depend on the tissue location and whether the tissue is in its normal or pathological state. It is commonly known that there is a change in the amount of GAGs in various tissues after injury. For example, it has been revealed that patients with radiculopathy showed significantly lower GAGs values in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral discs (2.82% ± 3.12% vs. 4.09% ± 2.25%, P = 0.017). Changes in the quantities of GAGs have also been observed during intrinsic ageing and photoaging of the human skin. GAGs act as potential biomarkers of certain pathologies, e.g. lung cancer. They are also believed to be crucial inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystal growth and crystallisation. GAGs can be used in treatment. For example, minimally invasive injectable GAG hydrogel has been introduced to reinstate the physiological properties of the spine. Physiologically based investigations show that the mediator proteins-GAGs interactions are majorly regulated by sulphation degree, sulphation pattern, and composition and structure of the carbohydrate. Studies on GAGs are evolving and more researches are required to exploit their characteristics, compositions, and importance
Barriers to Digital Health Adoption in Northern Nigeria: A Narrative Review
No full textBackground: Over the last decade, the Health industry worldwide has engaged in the mass integration of various technologies into this industry, downsizing running costs while maximizing the efficiency of limited human resources and service delivery. Health sectors globally do not equally benefit from this adoption. Literacy and social infrastructure, among other economic indicators, are among the major factors impeding the development in this regard as this study aims to demonstrate. This Narrative Review discusses key barriers and concerns encountered with the integration of digital health in Sahelian Nigeria.
Methods: An extensive search was performed across multiple Databases including PubMed and Google Scholar and information from WHO and local healthcare services websites were utilized in this study, in total, 27 articles and 2 sources were assessed.
Results: Research Articles focusing on Digital health Technology in Northern Nigeria are scarce and not readily retrievable, the barriers noted during this Study are more or less the same which faced the sector at the pilot stage of its implementation, such as inadequate infrastructure (with only a few hospitals leveraging on the internet to improve interactive communication; mostly Federal Medical centers leaving behind General hospitals and cottage hospitals without such) and literacy challenges (63.16% literacy).
Conclusion: Addressing these challenges necessitates a comprehensive strategy, encompassing curriculum restructuring to advance healthcare digitalization, implementing policies that foster technological development and adoption, and investing in adult education to facilitate modern technology utilization, more intensely targeting underprivileged rural areas. Therefore, institutionalization of digital health in the national health system in line with WHO’s guidelines on Strategy for Digital Health needs to be implemented
Technology Integration among Public Secondary School Teachers in the Division of Northern Samar, Philippines
No full textThis study explored the technology-related profiles of public secondary school teachers in the Division of Northern Samar and their relationship to technology integration. It examined factors such as computer ownership, use of digital tools, training, and experience with hardware and software. Using a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 252 teachers across various municipalities. Technology integration was measured using the TPACK framework, covering technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge. Results revealed that most teachers owned computers and used tools like Google Workspace and Zoom. TESDA National Certificates were the most common training acquired. A high degree of technology integration was observed. Significant correlations were found between technology profiles and areas like technological and pedagogical knowledge. Productivity tool use and software experience were key contributors to integration. These findings highlight the value of targeted training and hands-on experience in boosting effective technology use in teaching and learning