Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology
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Growth and Marketing of Banana in Tamil Nadu
No full textBanana is an important fruit crop cultivated in India and Tamil Nadu ranks third in production in the country and the area under the banana is also increasing over the years in the state. However, high post-harvest losses were reported in banana due to improper development of marketing channels. Hence, this paper aimed to study marketing of banana and perform stakeholder analysis. Three districts namely Tiruchirappalli, Erode and Coimbatore were selected for the study based on the areaunder banana. The results of the study revealed that the growth rate of area was the highest in Vellore - Tiruvannamalai production centre with 7.75 per cent per annum and production and productivity growth were the highest in Cuddalore-Villupuram production centre with 8.39 and 7.23 per cent per annum respectively. Three banana marketing channels were identified in the study area. Pre- harvest contractor was the popular mode of sale by banana producers. The post-harvest loss of 8.5 to 14.5 kg/tonne was reported in selected banana cultivars. No packing method of banana was followed in the entire marketing channel and one third of market intermediaries did not have storage facility for banana. Hence, the marketing channels of the banana have to be improved on handling, storage and packing to reduce the losses
Identification of Factors Responsible for Shifts in Cropping Pattern
No full textThe present study was purposively conducted in Khed tehsil of Pune district. Considering the impact of industrialization, 15 villages and 150 respondents from western and southern part of Khed tehsil were purposively selected. The results of the study revealed that physical, biological, resource related, and economic factors had dominant role in change in cropping pattern. Among physical factors almost (92.67 per cent) of the respondents stated that change in the crops is due to “variation in temperature and humidity” and “change in rainfall pattern”. Majority of the respondents (96.67 per cent) changed the crops due to resource related factors such as "more irrigation requirement. Among biological factors almost (88.67 per cent) of the respondents changed the crops because of “reduced yield due to pest and disease attack” followed by “more pest and disease incidence” (86.67 per cent). Among social factors the majority of respondents (90.00 per cent) changed crop due to market price. Most farmers (71.33 per cent) changed cropping pattern due to legislative and administrative policies, followed by price maximization of MSP and FRP (52.00 per cent).
Amongst all the factors under study, biological factors (87.67 per cent) ranked first while physical factors (73.07 per cent) ranked second as the main reasons for shifts in cropping pattern
Growth, Decomposition, and Instability Analysis of Pearl Millet in Jodhpur Region and Rajasthan, India
No full textAims: The main purpose of this study was to examine the growth, instability and source of output growth in area, production and productivity of pearl millet in Jodhpur & Barmer districts, Jodhpur Region and entire Rajasthan.
Study Design: The present study was completely based on secondary time series data.
Place & Duration of Study: This study area was covered to Jodhpur & Barmer districts, Jodhpur Region and entire Rajasthan. The entire study period was divided into three sub-periods viz., period-I (2006-07 to 2013-14), Period-II (2014-15 to 2021-22) and Overall period (2006-07 to 2021-22).
Methodology: The time series data were analyzed using statistical tools exponential growth model, Cuddy-Della Valle instability index and Minhas & Vaidyanthan decomposition model to accomplish the study’s objectives.
Results: The results of the study indicated that highest growth rate were observed in the productivity (36.20%) and production (30.83%) of pearl millet in Barmer district during period-I. The maximum variability was observed in production (77.88%) and productivity (77.30%) of pearl millet in Barmer district during period-II. The yield effect (300.43%) was reported as major contributor to boost-up the production of pearl millet in selected study area. The state government should establish Agri-Export Zones for millet crops in the state.
Conclusion: The highest growth rate was recorded in pearl millet’s productivity in Barmer district. The highest instability was reported in production of pearl millet in Barmer district. Yield effect was major source of output growth in production of pearl millet in Barmer district
Pineapple Production and Its Marketing Channels in Bangladesh: Present Status, Prospects and Challenges
No full textPineapple production offers a unique opportunity for the farmers due to the favorable climatic conditions in Bangladesh. Consequently, pineapple cultivation in Bangladesh round the year, has picked up on quite a large scale. The nutritional condition of Bangladeshi individuals who are severely malnourished may be improved by pineapple. Pineapple cultivation is trending upward. Producing pineapples on the same site benefits farmers significantly more than growing other crops. Also, high return in comparison to other existing crops, easy cultivation process, possibility of intercropping, favorable weather condition are the main reasons behind its increasing production. Growing demand for chemical-free farm fresh pineapples among consumers has led farmers to pursue balanced use of pesticides and ripening agents. However, the demand for fertilizers and other chemicals has been increasing. Despite the fact that farming has grown highly lucrative, there are apparently many marketing and production related challenges that farmers must overcome. It is necessary to enhance Bangladesh\u27s pineapple production and marketing system for the benefit of both producers and consumers, as it is ineffective and disorganized. Policymakers, extension agents, researchers and other actively involved marketing professionals should provide feedback to enhance their approach for raising future fair pricing by increasing production and marketing effectiveness. Infrastructure and technological investments, marketing channel diversification, farmer capacity building, supportive legislative reforms and enhanced market intelligence systems to boost competitiveness should all be included in sustainable pineapple farming methods, which can make pineapple farming more profitable
Demographic Evaluation of Pili Farmers and Their Production Capacity in Bicol Region, Philippines
No full textPhilippines is known for the vast plantation and seat of one of the most valued crops, the Pili nut. A study was conducted to determine the demographics of 192 Pili farmers and their production capacity from selected provinces of Bicol region, Philippines. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents with structured interview, focused group discussion and key informant survey conducted to gather data. Results of the study showed that demographic parameters such as gender, age, educational attainment, income and family structure are important and necessary information in order to understand the production capacity of Pili farmers. Pili production is generally profitable with high financial return of 127% to farmers. Farm areas in the region are sufficient where farmers can grow Pili to satisfy the local and global demand for this high-value crop. The financial stability and income of Pili key players can be increased given the proper attention and investment in production processes. The valuable support and assistance of the government especially local government units is crucial to ensure the optimistic future for the Pili industry. Likewise, it is imperative to address all the critical needs of farmers not only in the production process but in the various links along the supply chain as well in order to raise the overall sector revenue and household income of Pili farmers. In doing so, the country is assured of a more dynamic, sustainable and competitive Pili industry
Economic Efficiency of Onion Production in East Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
No full textIn an economy where resources are scarce and opportunities for new technologies are lacking, efficiency studies able to show the possibilities to raise productivity by improving efficiency of farms without increasing the resource base or developing new technology. This study investigated Economic Efficiency of Onion Production in East Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary source of data were used. Semi- structured questionnaires were used to collect data from Lume, Bora and Dugda districts. Totally 94 respondents randomly selected from each districts based on sample size determination. A stochastic production frontier function was fitted to the sample households. Tobit model was applied to determine factors affecting economic efficiency of onion production. The result revealed that the mean Technical, Allocative and Economic efficiency of onion production was about and 67.60%, 98.99% and 66.91% respectively. The tobit model result revealed that Onion Technical and Economic efficiency were positively and significantly affected by Experience in Onion production, frequency of Extension contact and Non- and off income activities while land allocated for Onion production affect Technical and economic efficiency negatively and significantly. District office of Agriculture, stockholders and concerned bodies should focus on extension service regarding of full package of production, provision of technical support and farmers should practice different Non-and Off-fam activities to improve his/her income that contribute to the improvement in efficiency of Onion production in the study area
Spatio-Temporal Changes in Cropping Pattern in the State of Rajasthan, India
No full textThis study was carried out in the state of Rajasthan, India. Four major crop groups viz; cereals (pearlmillet, maize and wheat), pulses (moong bean, moth bean, kharif pulses and gram), oilseeds (soyabean and rapeseed and mustard) and others (cotton and clusterbean) were selected for analysis. All crops in the above groups with 5% or more area under cultivation in a district were chosen. The districts were selected on the basis of last five years average (2005-06 to 2009-10 Secondary data were collected from published records and reports of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur and official website of Rajasthan Agriculture Department www.krishi.rajasthan.gov.in.
The study period encompassed a duration of 58 years starting from; 1956-57 to 2014-15. The data were also analyzed for twelve different periods by using Markov chain analysis technique for studying the change in cropping pattern.
The study results revealed that the bajra crop was almost stable and cotton crop (except during-2000 to 2005) highly unstable with no retention of their previous area over the periods in the state of Rajasthan, but acreage of the crops was continuously shifting from one crop to another crop throughout the period. However, crops like kharif pulses, wheat, clusterbean, soyabean and mustard had more retention as compared to gram, cotton and maize during-1956- 57 to 2014-15 indicating its stability in the state
Extent of Awareness Regarding Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK) Practices among Paddy Growers in Bastar, Chhattisgarh, India
No full textThe purpose of the present study was to ascertain the relationship between characteristics of paddy growers and awareness of indigenous technological knowledge (ITKs) in the Bastar area of Chhattisgarh State. Twelve villages were chosen as the study area from two blocks (Tokapal and Lohandiguda) in the Bastar district. From each selected village, ten paddy growers were selected by a simple random sampling procedure, thus the sample size for the study was 120. The data were collected through well structured and pre-tested interview schedule. The study confirms that nearly half (46.66%) of the paddy growers had high level of awareness about indigenous technical knowledge. Regarding association, education, size of landholding, annual income, social participation, innovativeness, information-seeking behavior and mass media exposure were significantly associated with awareness of indigenous technological knowledge at 0.05 level of probability, whereas socio-economic status, extension participation and attitude towards ITK’s were significantly associated at 0.01 level of probability with awareness of ITKs
Dynamics of Marketing Behaviour among the Traditional Rice Farmers in Kerala
No full textThere are many traditional rice varieties being cultivated in various parts of Kerala. While cultivating them, farmers follow traditional practices using special type of implements and tools. But now the area has drastically declined and they are confined to certain pockets and mostly taken up by older farmers. Wayanad and Malappuram districts of Kerala were purposively selected for the study. Sixty farmers from Wayanad district and thirty farmers from Malappuram district were randomly selected. Marketing behaviour of farmers has a great role in the sustainable development and promotion of traditional rice varieties. The study revealed that marketing behaviour of majority of the farmers could not be rated as high. Marketing behaviour of farmers was significantly influenced by age, education, gender, occupation and experience. Higher level of education had a significant role in the development of marketing behaviour among farmers. Shortage of skilled labour, lack of irrigation facilities and lack of transportation facilities were the main constraints faced by the traditional rice farmers
A Cross Sectional Study into Drug Abuse among Youth and Its Association with Socio-demographic and Risk Factors in District Kangra of Himachal Pradesh, India.
No full textAim: Substance abuse has a detrimental impact on an individual, families and communities posing major public health challenges. Therefore, the present study has been designed to study the level of prevalence of drug abuse among youth and its association with socio demographic and various risk factors.
Methodology: The present research was conducted among 500 students in the age range of 12-25 years. The study was conducted in district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh, India. Out of total 15 blocks from Kangra, five blocks were randomly selected. From these selected blocks five schools and five colleges (one school and one college from each block) were selected for data collection. “The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST)” and self-structured questionnaire were administered to the sample to collect data.
Results: It was revealed that tobacco was the most abused substance (29.2%) followed by alcohol (28.2%) and inhalants (11.8%). Less than 10 per cent of sample used other substances at least once in their lifetime. Moderate level of drug prevalence of drugs was found among study subjects. A highly significant association was observed between factors like age, type of educational institutes, mother’s occupation, bad company, peer pressure, curiosity, and use of drugs by parents with prevalent drug abuse among youth.
Conclusion: It was concluded from the results that use of varied drugs like tobacco, alcohol, inhalants was found to be prevalent among youth. Moderate level of prevalence was reported for drugs like tobacco, cannabis, sedatives, opioids, inhalants and amphetamines. It is a matter of concern for them as they are at risk of health and other problems from their current pattern of substance use. A brief intervention has to be provided for them in terms of awareness and treatment from health professionals or by a specialist in drug and alcohol treatment service