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Effect of Growth Retardants on Plant Yield and Seed Quality of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
No full textA field experiment was carried out during Kharif, 2023 at dryland farm of S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati campus of Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications and two Genotypes as main factor (G1- Dharani, G2- K-6), growth retardants as sub factor (T1- Control + RDF of NPK, T2- MH @ 2000 ppm at 20 DAS, T3- MH @ 2000 ppm at 45 DAS, T4- PBZ @ 250 ppm at 20 DAS, T5- PBZ @ 250 ppm at 45 DAS , T6- ABA @ 250 ppm at 20 DAS, T7- ABA @ 250 ppm at 45 DAS, T8- ABA @ 500 ppm at 20 DAS, T9- ABA @ 500 ppm at 45 DAS, T10- CCC @ 5000 ppm at 20 DAS, T11- CCC @ 5000 ppm at 45 DAS). The current experiment was conducted with an objective to study the impact of growth retardants on reduction of plant stature thereby enhancing the reproductive and assimilates partitioning efficiency. Results revealed that application of T5- PBZ @ 250 ppm at 45 DAS recorded higher Pod yield, Kernel yield, 100 kernel weight, protein content and oil content
Studies on Creation of Operational Range of Soil Fertility to Evolve Fertilizer Prescription Equations under Soil Test Crop Response Correlation Studies on Rainfed Bt Cotton
No full textTo derive fertilizer prescription equations for rainfed Bt cotton within the framework of Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) studies, a meticulously designed gradient experiment was executed at the esteemed Cotton Research Station located in Perambalur district, Tamil Nadu, India. Employing a targeted yield methodology, the investigation centered on the cultivation of fodder sorghum as the exhaustive crop during the kharif season.
Adhering to an inductive-cum-yield target approach, the experimental plot was meticulously partitioned into three equitably-sized strips, each delineating a distinct fertility gradient. These gradients were meticulously established through the application of varying fertilizer regimes: N0P0K0, N1P1K1, and N2P2K2. Notably, the recommended fertilizer regimen (N1P1K1) encompassed precise quantities of essential nutrients, specifically 60 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (N), 345 kg ha-1 of phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), and 96 kg ha-1 of potassium oxide (K2O).
Fodder sorghum emerged as the strategic choice for the exhaustive crop, strategically cultivated to expedite the transformation of applied fertilizers within the soil matrix, leveraging both plant and microbial processes. The overarching objective of this methodological approach was to establish a discernible operational range of soil fertility across the designated fertility strips. This was meticulously evaluated through meticulous analyses of variations in fodder yield uptake and pertinent soil test values
Examining the Intersection of Agricultural Production, Farm Revenue, Gender Dynamics and Adaptation Strategies in the Face of Climate Change
No full textIn recent times the context of climate change has become a complex and multifaceted issue as it affects agricultural production by altering weather patterns and by shifting the growing seasons of the crops, increasing pest and disease prevalence, thus reducing the yield, affecting the quality of the produce and threatening the food security in both the global and regional level. The farm revenues fluctuate significantly due to the unpredictable yields and the increased costs associated with the adaptation measures. Greater financial instability due to the changing climate scenario is faced by small and marginal farmers, as it affects market dynamics, potentially leading to price volatility. It also exacerbates the existing gender inequalities in agriculture by making them more vulnerable to the challenges of adopting climate-resilient practices, access to resources, education and decision-making opportunities which can hinder their ability to adapt to climate change. Thus the intersection of crop production, farm revenue and gender disparity under climate change highlights the need for integrated approaches to address the impacts of climate change
Study of Plant Growth Promoting Abilities of Rhizobium Strains Isolated from Mungbean Root Nodules
No full textBackground: Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a type of bacteria that use biofertilizers and other plant growth-promoting agents to increase plant output and growth. In the last several decades, there has been a global surge in the usage of beneficial soil microorganisms like PGPR for safe and sustainable agriculture due to the detrimental effects of artificial fertilizers on the environment and their rising prices. Plant-beneficial rhizobacteria have the potential to reduce the world\u27s reliance on dangerous agricultural chemicals that upset agro-ecosystems. Today a large part of yield is lost due to the various stress mechanisms of plants. It could be classified into biotic and abiotic stress. These are generally a group of microorganisms that is found either in the rhizosphere or in the root nodules of plants. PGPR has beneficial impact, they colonize in the plant roots and improve crop yields and agricultural productivity and also produce some useful growth promoting growth hormones viz., IAA, Auxins, Cytokinin and Gibberellins.
Methods: The bacterial isolates were screened for plant growth promoting traits such as phosphate solubilization, IAA production and siderophore production was tested qualitatively by using pikovskayas media, TSB (Tryptone Soy Broth) agar and Chrome Azurol Sulphate (CAS) blue agar respectively.
Results: In present study out of the eight rhizobial isolates, five exhibited the phosphate solubilization zones, three shows negative result. However out of eight isolates five isolates produced IAA and three showed negative result. Among all isolates seven isolates were able to produce siderophore, while one showed negative result
The Effect of Processing Methods on Quality Parameters of Jackfruit Seed Flour (JSF) from Different Cultivars
No full textIndia has a large jackfruit farming industry; however, after the edible part is eaten, the nutrient-rich seeds are thrown away as waste. The study was aimed at investigating the functional properties and sensorial attributes of jackfruit seed flour from various treatments. The results revealed a significant difference between the functional characteristics and sensory attributes of jackfruit seed flour samples processed by soaking the seeds in various soaking media. Based on the results, two seed flour samples (VS1 - Varikka soaked in water and KS1 – Koozha soaked in water) were selected as the best and evaluated for their proximate composition. The cultivar Varikka had more crude fiber (2.96%), ash (2.61%), protein (13.17 g/100g) and carbohydrate content (76.82 g/100g). Both the seed flour samples had negligible amount of fat (VS1 – 1.72 and KS2 – 1.68%), less fat allows for the prevention of rancidity issues and longer shelf life of the product. This procedure makes it feasible to preserve jackfruit seeds by converting them into flour, extending their shelf life. Facts from nutritional, functional and sensory assessments suggest that jackfruit seed flour can be employed in various processed products. It can also be used as substitute for starch
Effect of General Combining Ability for Different Seedling Traits in Mulberry (Morus spp.)
No full textInformation regarding the nature of gene action controlling the yield and yield contributing characters are essential for implementing good breeding program. Significant differences were observed among all parents for general combining ability was noticed. Analysis of general combining ability showed the higher magnitude of SCA variance than GCA variance for most of the characters, which indicates the presence of non-additive gene action for most of the traits except for germination percentage, plant height at 60 DAS and number of branches. Out of seven lines M. cathyana is the best general combiner as it shows significant positive GCA for seedling height at 60, 90, 120 DAS, number of leaves per plant, average leaf weight, leaf area and significant negative GCA for internodal distance which is in desirable direction. Also MI-47 is best general combiner as it shows significant positive GCA for seedling height at 90, 120 DAS, number of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm2), number of branches. Among the testers V1 was the best general combiner for germination percentage, leaf area (cm2)
Municipal Solid Waste Management System: A Study of Aligarh City, Uttar Pradesh, India
No full textMunicipal solid waste management (MSWM) is a significant environmental challenge in Indian cities, including Aligarh. Inadequate handling of municipal solid waste (MSW) poses risks to public health and the environment. Studies indicate that approximately 90% of MSW in India is improperly disposed of in open dumps and landfills, leading to various ecological and health issues. A detailed examination of Aligarh\u27s waste management system was conducted to assess the quantity, characteristics, and sustainable management options for its municipal waste. Findings from the study show that private collectors handle about 430 tons of waste per day in Aligarh, but neither residents nor collectors engage in waste segregation at the source. The combined collection efficiency of A2Z Private Limited and the Aligarh Municipal Corporation is estimated to be around 70%. Due to the high organic content in the waste, its energy potential remains untapped. Currently, about 80% of the collected waste is disposed of in open dumps, as Aligarh lacks a sanitary landfill. This study highlights the current state of municipal solid waste management in Aligarh focusing on the quantity, quality, and management strategies in Aligarh.
Methodology: For this study, Aligarh, a medium-sized city with a population of roughly 8.7 lakhs, which is located 130 kilometres from Delhi, India\u27s capital, was chosen. A thorough assessment of the literature was done to create a theoretical framework. Visits to fields were carried out to gather basic data and comprehend the city\u27s SWMS, including interaction During interviews with several municipality employees and executives in charge of SWM and citizens of the city. A procedure was created to examine the sources, calculate the amounts, and ascertain the waste streams\u27 makeup.
Findings: Despite their best efforts, the local municipality\u27s limited resources do not allow for the effectiveness of the solid waste management system in Aligarh. On the outskirts of the city, waste is frequently disposed of in open or low-lying regions without using the correct scientific or engineering techniques
Effect of Storage on Chemical Composition and Microbial Count of Carbonated Ready to Serve (RTS) Beverage from Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.)
No full textThe experiment was undertaken at Fruit and Vegetable Processing Unit of College of Horticulture, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Dist-Ratnagiri (Maharashtra State) during the period of May 2023 to January 2024. This study aims to evaluate the effects of carbonation levels and juice-sugar percentage on chemical composition and microbial count of carbonated jamun beverages during storage. Now-a-days there is increase in demand for health-conscious products, driven by evolving consumer preferences and increasing awareness regarding the impact of diet on health. Synthetic drinks which are more popular commercially, are not so healthy or nutritive. So, considering medicinal and nutritive properties of jamun the experiment was undertaken. The experiment was carried out in Factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD) with two factors having sixteen treatment combination replicated thrice which consisting of four carbonation levels viz. C1- 40 psi, C2-50 psi, C3-60 psi and C4-70 psi and four juice-sugar levels percentage viz. J1- jamun juice 25% + sugar 75%, J2- jamun juice 30% + sugar 70%, J3- jamun juice 35% + sugar 65% and J4- jamun juice 40% + sugar 60%. From the study it was found that during six months of storage of carbonated RTS beverage from jamun, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), reducing sugars, total sugars and titratable acidity increased from 14.00 to14.68oBrix, 2.34 to 6.37 per cent, 10.19 to 10.98 per cent, 0.20 to 0.33 per cent, respectively whereas pH and anthocyanin decreased from 2.31 to 2.23 and 5.68 to 3.62 mg/100 ml, respectively. During six months of storage, microbial count like fungal and bacterial count increased slightly from 0.00 to 0.15 x 10-4 CFU/ml and 0.00 to 0.11 x 10-4 CFU/ml, respectively
A Scientometric Review of Research on Intestinal Dysbiosis in Dogs (2011–2023): Trends and Insights
No full textThe aim of this study is to quantify and describe, through scientometrics, data on studies related to intestinal dysbiosis in dogs. For this purpose, articles published between 2011 and 2023 were selected using the Web of Science database. Through an active search, 137 articles were screened, of which 82 were included in this study, selected based on title and abstract evaluation. Data were collected on the number of articles published by date, number of authors, citations per author, and the countries with the highest number of publications. Data processing was conducted using R Studio software and the Bibliometrix package, ensuring greater specificity in the analyses. The results show that the year 2020 presented the highest peak of published studies, with 13 articles. It was also observed that the most cited author published 41 of the 82 selected articles, and that the United States is responsible for the largest number of publications. Through this study, it was possible to conclude that countries with greater technological resources directly impact the scientific dissemination of information on the proposed topic
A Review on the Shrinkage Properties of Concrete and Influencing Factors
No full textThis paper provides a comprehensive review of the basic concepts of concrete shrinkage, including plastic shrinkage, temperature shrinkage, carbonation shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and autogenous shrinkage. It also discusses the causes, influencing factors, and control measures of these shrinkage types in detail. Among them, drying shrinkage, which is the most important volume stability deformation of concrete, has its mechanism deeply explored, including the theory of capillary tension, the theory of separation pressure, the theory of solid surface tension, and the theory of interlayer water loss. Additionally, this paper discusses and evaluates the current research on the drying shrinkage of mechanism sand concrete and its influencing factors, particularly the effects of stone powder and MB value (methylene blue value) on the drying shrinkage of mechanism sand concrete. Research indicates that in mechanism sand sand concrete, an appropriate stone powder content and optimized mix design can reduce the drying shrinkage of concrete and enhance the overall performance the concrete