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The Impact of Creativity and Risk Appetite on Entrepreneurial Intention of Economics Students in Hanoi, Vietnam
No full textEntrepreneurs are expected to be creative. Entrepreneurial creativity is defined as “the generation and implementation of novel and useful ideas for products, services and processes, as well as business models to establish a profit-making new venture. This study examines the impact of creative competence and risk appetite on entrepreneurial intention among Economics students in Hanoi. Additionally, it investigates the mediating role of students\u27 creative competence in the relationship between risk appetite and entrepreneurial intention. Primary data were collected from 346 valid survey questionnaires. The research employs the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework, with data processed using SPSS 24 and AMOS 24. The questionnaire was developed using the back-translation technique to ensure semantic accuracy and consistency of measurement scales compared to their sources. Results indicate that both creative competence and risk appetite positively influence the entrepreneurial intention of Economics students in Hanoi. Managerial implications and future research directions are also discussed. The study reveals a positive correlation between creativity and entrepreneurial intention, suggesting that individuals with higher creative potential are more confident in generating ideas and implementing business plans. However, the current educational environment in many universities remains overly theoretical, lacks practical orientation, and offers limited space for experimentation—conditions that do not sufficiently encourage student creativity. Future research should include tests for these moderating effects to enrich both theoretical insights and practical implications related to entrepreneurial behavior among university students
Heavy Metal Levels in Surface Sediments from Bonny Estuary, Nigeria
No full textEssential metals such as Cu and Cr are needed in trace amounts, and their absence may cause serious problems, while non-essential metals such as Cd and Pb have no biological function, and their presence, even in very small quantities, may be toxic. This study aims to assess the level of some heavy metals in sediments of some intertidal creeks around Port Harcourt in the upper Bonny Estuary. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu) in the sediments of five (5) intertidal creeks (Elelenwo, Choba, Eagle Island, Ogbunabali and Amadi-ama) around Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria, for a period of six (6) months, were investigated. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. A General linear model of ANOVA was used to test for significant variations in space and time between study areas. The software packages – MS Excel and Minitab R16 were used. There were notable spatial and temporal variations of heavy metal concentrations in sediment across the study areas. Maximum concentrations (mg/kg) of Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu in sediments were 9.75, 3.56, 72.80 and 11.50, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations were discovered to exceed threshold effect values at several stations, with cadmium (0.44-3.56 mg/kg) and lead (72.80 mg/kg) being of particular concern. The study confirmed that areas like Ogbunabali and Choba were hotspots of contamination with regard to heavy metals due to solid waste disposal and discharges in those areas. The study, therefore, concluded that there was heavy metal pollution in the sediments of the intertidal areas studied
A Review on BESO Algorithm Research and the Latest Developments
No full textAs an efficient structural topology optimization method, the BESO algorithm plays a crucial role in enhancing structural performance and achieving rational resource allocation in engineering design, materials science, and other fields. This paper systematically reviews the principle, research status, and existing problems of the BESO algorithm. First, the basic principles and implementation methods of the BESO algorithm are classified, and the applicable scenarios, optimization efficiency, and limitations of each algorithm are summarized. The research progress in multi-physics field optimization, complex structural design, and other directions is deeply discussed. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the current BESO algorithm still has shortcomings in global optimization capability, calculation efficiency, and multi-constraint condition handling. It is necessary to further improve the algorithm convergence mechanism, integrate intelligent optimization strategies, and construct a more universal and efficient optimization theoretical system to meet the complex optimization needs of engineering practice
Customer Satisfaction towards Online Shopping with Special Reference to Patan City, Gujarat, India
No full textAims: To examine customer satisfaction toward online shopping in Patan city and identify preferences and key influencing factors such as product quality, website usability, delivery services, price competitiveness, and customer support.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Conducted in Patan city, Gujarat, India, over a period of 8 months in 2024-2025.
Methodology: Primary data was collected from 100 respondents via a structured questionnaire using convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed using MS Excel and SPSS. Reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.826. Chi-square tests were applied to examine the association between demographic variables (age, gender, education) and customer satisfaction indicators.
Results: Majority of respondents were male, with most participants below 25 years of age and undergraduate students. 50% preferred E-platforms like Amazon and Flipkart to do online shopping. Key reasons for satisfaction included convenience and product price discounts. The majority preferred cash on delivery. Hypothesis testing revealed no significant relationship between age and product quality satisfaction (P = 0.680), education and concern factors (P = 0.604), or gender and shopping comfort (P = 0.497).
Conclusion: Respondents showed a high level of satisfaction with online shopping, primarily due to convenience, competitive pricing, and platform usability. However, delivery delays and product availability were major concerns. Retailers should focus on delivery improvement and consumer protection to further boost satisfaction. Demographic variables had limited impact on satisfaction levels
Minor Forest Produce Livelihoods and Gendered Challenges in Keshkal Forest Division, Chhattisgarh: A Review
No full textIn Keshkal Forest Division tribal inhabitants rely heavily on Minor Forest Produce (MFP) for their livelihoods and sense of cultural identity. Despite its enormous socioeconomic importance, MFP collection and marketing present numerous systemic obstacles for tribal women, who are the main gatherers. These studies include severe health and safety hazards during collecting, stringent forest rules, and environmental degradation that affects the availability of resources. The economic potential of marketing is severely hampered by problems including remote geographic areas, poor infrastructure, widespread middleman exploitation that results in low and variable prices, a significant lack of value addition capabilities, and weak business acumen. In addition to these challenges, women have a "double burden" and intersectional vulnerability due to historical dispossession, patriarchal norms, and ingrained sociocultural impediments. To tackle these intricate problems, a multifaceted strategy is required. To ensure efficient execution and equitable rewards, solutions include fortifying government programs such as the Van Dhan Yojana, PESA, the Forest Rights Act (FRA), and Minimum Support Price (MSP) schemes. Importantly, empowering cooperatives and Self-Help Groups (SHGs) can support sustainable harvesting methods, improve value addition, and increase collective bargaining power. Enhancing market connections, developing processing and marketing skills, and establishing comprehensive capacity are also essential
Evaluation of Physico-Chemical and Cost Implications of Date Based Kulfi Enriched with Nutmeg
No full textThe present study was undertaken to analyse the physico chemical properties and cost of production of high-quality Kulfi enriched with date paste (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and nutmeg, targeting the development of a functional, nutritious, and consumer-acceptable frozen dairy dessert. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications each. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Dr. Sharadchandra Pawar College of Agriculture, Baramati, affiliated with MPKV, Rahuri, during the academic year 2023 to 2025. Kulfi was prepared by incorporating date paste at levels of 0, 15, 20, 25, and 30 per cent, designated as treatments T₀, T₁, T₂, T₃, and T₄, respectively, into a standardized kulfi mix along with a constant level of nutmeg i.e. 0.15%. The experimental products were evaluated for physico chemical properties by a using standard analysis protocols for fat, protein, total solids, moisture, titratable acidity, pH and ash. Among the five treatments, Kulfi with 25 per cent date paste (T₃) recorded the highest scores for all sensory parameters, with an overall acceptability of 8.78. Physico-chemical analysis of T₃ revealed improved nutritional composition: fat 8.14%, protein 6.91%, total solids 41.62%, ash 1.74%, and pH 6.68. Cost analysis revealed T₃ to be the most viable formulation, with a production cost of ₹198.50 per kg, offering a balance of enhanced nutrition and economic feasibility. Thus, Kulfi enriched with 25 per cent date paste and nutmeg was found to be superior in terms of nutritional profile and cost, highlighting its potential as a functional frozen dairy product for commercial production
Unveiling Leprosy: A Systemic Review of Clinical and Cutaneous Manifestations
No full textBackground: Leprosy It is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, with a particular affinity for the skin and peripheral nerves. The review emphasises early diagnosis and integrated care involving dermatology and infectious disease perspectives.
Aims: This systematic review aims to synthesise the main clinical and cutaneous manifestations of leprosy, emphasising the importance of early diagnosis and the benefits of an integrated care approach involving dermatology and infectious disease specialists. The study also seeks to identify diagnostic delays, atypical presentations, and care gaps that impact disease control.
Methodology: Systematic literature review. Databases searched (PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, BVS, MEDLINE) between January 2015 and July 2025. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria, which considered original articles addressing clinical and dermatological manifestations of leprosy, diagnostic approaches, and interdisciplinary care models. Eligible designs included observational studies, cohort analyses, case reports, and literature reviews. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers, using STROBE, CASP, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A qualitative synthesis of findings was conducted.
Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently reported manifestations included hypopigmented or erythematous lesions, nodules, infiltrations, type 1 and 2 lepra reactions, peripheral neuropathies, and ulcerations. Early diagnosis strategies included dermatoneurological examination, professional training at the primary care level, and the use of complementary laboratory tests. Interdisciplinary models—especially in referral centres—showed benefits in diagnostic accuracy, reaction management, and care coordination. However, gaps remain in access to services in endemic and underserved regions, in standardisation of clinical protocols, and in the availability of minimally invasive diagnostic tools.
Conclusion: Leprosy continues to present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Integrated care between dermatology and infectious diseases improves clinical outcomes and supports timely diagnosis. Expanding access to specialised services, strengthening professional training, and incorporating structured interdisciplinary practices are essential to reduce disability and improve public health responses. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of interdisciplinary care models in reducing diagnostic delays and improving long-term patient outcomes. Studies should also investigate scalable diagnostic innovations and their applicability in vulnerable or resource-limited populations
Effect of Colour Sticky Traps on Catching Capacity of Onion Thrips
No full textThe present experiment was carried out with the objective to find out the effect of colour sticky traps for catching capacity of thrips. A field experiment was conducted at Nashik, Maharashtra, India for two consecutive years during 2022-23 and 2023-24 in the rabi season on onion variety NHRDF Red 4. Result showed that over all highest number of thrips was stuck (40.75 thrips) on the sticky traps were recorded in treatment T1 which utilized two yellow sticky trap per plot which utilized two yellow sticky traps per plot and lowest number of thrips (23.91thrips) were stuck on sticky trap treatment T2. The highest gross yield (309.35q/ha) and marketable yield (291.44q/ha) were recorded in the T1 treatment. The maximum incremental cost-benefit ratio (ICBR) of 1:5.50 was observed in this treatment. The highest thrips population and lowest yield were recorded in the control treatment. The findings indicate that yellow sticky traps are effective for the early detection and monitoring of thrips populations in onion crops
Assessing Anemia Status and Intervention Challenges among Adolescents: A Study under the Anemia Mukt Bharat Abhiyan
No full textAnemia is one of the most common nutritional disorders worldwide, with adolescents representing a highly vulnerable group due to rapid growth, increased micronutrient requirements, and lifestyle-related dietary transitions. Despite sustained efforts under global and national health programs, anemia continues to be a pressing public health challenge in India. The Anemia Mukt Bharat Abhiyan (AMBA), launched in 2018 as part of the Intensified National Iron Plus Initiative, has set ambitious goals of reducing anemia prevalence by 3% annually across multiple target groups.
This study aims to assess anemia prevalence and intervention challenges among adolescents (10–19 years) under AMBA. Using a cross-sectional methodology in semi-urban and school-based settings, data were collected from 300 adolescents (150 males and 150 females). Hemoglobin levels, dietary habits, and awareness of AMBA interventions were analyzed.
Results showed an overall anemia prevalence of 56%, with a significantly higher prevalence among girls (68%) compared to boys (44%). Awareness levels about AMBA were low (41%), with only 25% reporting consistent intake of iron–folic acid (IFA) supplementation. Barriers identified included irregular IFA supply, stigma around consumption, side effects, peer influence, inadequate parental engagement, and socio-economic constraints.
The findings underscore that while AMBA provides a robust policy framework through its 6x6x6 strategy, implementation bottlenecks persist at the ground level. Schools and frontline workers remain underutilized, and adolescent-friendly communication strategies are insufficient. The study recommends strengthening supply chain logistics, introducing school-based peer educator models, fortification of staple foods, and integration of anemia prevention into broader adolescent health and reproductive health programs.
By addressing both supply- and demand-side constraints, India can achieve its anemia reduction goals and improve the health, education, and productivity outcomes of its adolescent population
An Entrepreneurial Drive: Exploiting Opportunities in Renewable Energy in Nigeria
No full textEntrepreneurs are businessmen and women who seek profit by providing goods or services by combining various means of production and innovation. In today\u27s world, there is a shift in paradigm towards cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions. Renewable energy has considerable potential for entrepreneurs in Nigeria to bridge the energy needs of many businesses. This study explores the entrepreneurial dynamics that catalyse the exploitation of these opportunities in Nigeria’s renewable energy sector. The potential for entrepreneurial ventures in renewable energy within Nigeria is vast, given the country’s abundant natural resources. The energy supply in Nigeria is fundamentally undermined by a multitude of challenges that interplay to hinder effective distribution and utilisation. However, the state of energy supply in Nigeria reveals significant opportunities for entrepreneurs. Using content analysis and a systematic review of academic literature, this study identified how entrepreneurs can exploit opportunities in renewable energy in Nigeria. Approximately 80 million Nigerians remain without reliable electricity, which stifles economic growth and exacerbates poverty levels. There is a huge disparity in access to electricity in the urban and rural areas. In the urban area, it is reported that 89 per cent have access to electricity compared to 27 per cent in the rural areas. This study thus identifies three unique intersections for entrepreneurs in Nigeria in renewable energy in the areas of prosperity, environment and technology. Also, entrepreneurs can use renewable energy as a business opportunities in Nigeria. Renewable energy catalyses business development and is a viable possibility for Nigerian entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are vital economic agents who supply diverse products and services by integrating numerous means of production, typically through innovative techniques. They provide a means for economic empowerment, employment generation, and sustainable development. This study recommends there is a need for more investment and supportive policies. Nigeria can mitigate its energy poverty while fostering new businesses and promoting inclusive prosperity. The study concludes that with the right combination of market insight, technology, and sustainable thinking, entrepreneurs in Nigeria can drive impactful change while building profitable businesses