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1523 research outputs found
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Agricultural Infrastructure and Agricultural Efficiency Index: A Case of Gujarat Agriculture
No full textBackground: Gujarat is a diversified Agricultural Economy. The State agricultural economy has witnessed a shift towards high value crops like cotton, groundnuts, fruits, vegetables, condiments and spices from low value cereals and other crops. The Agricultural Growth table at 9.6% was catch the national wide attention, the one cause behind it was improvement in Agricultural infrastructure which leads to increase agricultural efficiency.
Methods: To examination of agricultural infrastructure and agricultural efficiency in Gujarat at the district level for the years 2009-10 and 2019-20 was conducted. The study involved the estimation of Agricultural Infrastructure Index (AII) using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which considered eleven variables related to agricultural infrastructure to unveil disparities within the districts. Additionally, an Agricultural Efficiency Index (AEI) was also calculated to discern trends in agricultural efficiency at a disaggregated level in Gujarat.
Results: The revealed that the Agriculture Infrastructure Index (AII) highlighted improvements in the positions of Banskantha, Sabarnaktha, Rajkot and Junagadh in comparison to their 2009-10 AII rankings. Furthermore, the findings related to agricultural efficiency indicated that Rajkot district exhibited a remarkable leap in 2019-20 when compared to its position in 2009-10
Effectiveness of Myofascial Release, Cryostretch and Kinesiotaping in Adoloscents with Trapizitis
No full textBackground: Neck pain is one of the most frequently encountered musculoskeletal complaints, often arising from taut bands in the trapezius muscle, especially within its upper fibers. Trapezitis is a common underlying cause, typically associated with overuse, repetitive strain, and poor postural habits affecting the cervical and upper thoracic regions. Given its impact on daily functioning, effective management strategies are crucial.
Aim and Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the therapeutic efficacy of three commonly used physiotherapy interventions—Myofascial Release (MFR), Cryostretch, and Kinesio Taping (KT)—in the management of trapezitis among adolescents.
Materials and Methods: A total of 45 adolescents clinically diagnosed with trapezitis were recruited and randomly assigned into three equal groups (n=15 each). Group A received Myofascial Release, Group B received Cryostretch, and Group C underwent Kinesio Taping application. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while cervical mobility was measured through Cervical Range of Motion (ROM). Data analysis included the calculation of mean, standard deviation, and t-values to compare outcomes among the groups.
Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements in both pain reduction and cervical mobility across all groups. Group B (Cryostretch) demonstrated the most notable improvement in pain reduction as measured by VAS, whereas Group A (Myofascial Release) showed the greatest enhancement in cervical ROM. Group C (Kinesio Taping) also demonstrated positive but comparatively moderate effects in both parameters.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that Cryostretch is particularly effective in reducing pain intensity, while Myofascial Release is superior in improving cervical mobility among adolescents with trapezitis. Kinesio Taping can be considered as an adjunctive intervention, though its benefits appear less pronounced compared to the other two techniques. These results highlight the importance of tailoring physiotherapeutic approaches based on the specific treatment goals—pain relief versus mobility restoration—in the management of trapezitis
Research Progress and Overview on Seismic Performance of Highway Tunnels
No full textAs a crucial component of transportation infrastructure, the seismic safety of highway tunnels is of utmost importance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current research status of the seismic response of highway tunnels, covering aspects such as the failure modes of highway tunnels under seismic action, the factors influencing the seismic response of tunnels, and the commonly used research methods. By summarizing the existing research, the paper points out the deficiencies in the current research and provides an outlook on future research directions, aiming to offer references for the seismic design and research of highway tunnels
A Systematic Review of Explainable AI Methods and their Applications in Geotechnical Engineering
No full textIn recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved remarkable results in various fields; however, the opacity of its decision-making process limits its deployment in safety-critical domains and undermines user trust. This paper presents a conceptual review of the latest research progress in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). This review constructs a conceptual classification framework to categorize mainstream explanation methods into two types: pre-hocinterpretability (characterized by inherent transparency) and post-hoc interpretability (relying on ex-post analysis). The latter is further divided into “perturbation-based” and “backpropagation-based” paradigms. Secondly, the paper delves into the core contradictions of different methods in terms of theoretical completeness, computational efficiency, and explanation validity. Then, it focuses on innovative application cases of XAI in the field of geotechnical engineering to verify its technical adaptability in complex real-world scenarios. Finally, from an interdisciplinary perspective, we propose key directions for future research, providing theoretical support and practical approaches for building trustworthy AI systems
Study on the Performance of Asphalt Mixture Modified by Coal Gangue Surface
No full textThis study evaluates the feasibility of employing waste coal gangue as a coarse aggregate in asphalt mixtures. Surface treatment of coal gangue aggregate with a methyl sodium silicate solution was implemented and the most effective modification scheme was established. Laboratory experiments examined how different gangue dosages and surface modifications influenced the road performance of coal gangue–asphalt mixtures. The findings reveal that although coal gangue performs worse than natural aggregate on certain metrics, it remains suitable for use in asphalt mixtures within the limits prescribed by relevant standards. The sodium methyl silicate treatment applied for 6 h produced the most favorable modification effect, markedly reducing water absorption while increasing density and improving the crushing value of coal gangue. Asphalt mixtures containing up to 30% coal gangue satisfied specification performance requirements, and permissible gangue content can be raised following surface modification. SEM observations indicated that surface pores and cracks in the coal gangue asphalt mixture were diminished after treatment, and micro-scale damage under high-temperature immersion and freeze–thaw cycling was alleviated
Application of Moving Target Detection in Landslide Warning Based on OpenCV
No full textIn recent years, with advances in computer vision, vision-based approaches for real-time landslide monitoring and early warning have become a research focus. Building on OpenCV-Python, this study evaluates three representative moving-object detection algorithms—frame differencing, background subtraction, and optical flow. Centering on key characteristics such as tracking the number of rock fragments before and after a landslide and performance in complex environments, we construct an experimental comparison framework using landslide video sequences to systematically assess each algorithm’s adaptability, accuracy, and practical deployment potential in early-warning scenarios. The results show that frame differencing achieves the fastest response and relatively high detection accuracy, making it suitable for rapid warnings in high-risk areas, though it risks missed detections in cluttered backgrounds; background subtraction is more sensitive to small deformations and is appropriate for applications that require monitoring the detailed evolution of landslides; and although optical flow can characterize motion trajectories and is useful for trend analysis, its detection accuracy is limited under complex backgrounds. Finally, this paper proposes a scheme that works together based on the respective advantages of the frame difference method, background subtraction method, and optical flow method. This work examines the applicability of multiple moving-object detection methods to landslide early warning and aims to inform technology selection and optimization for real-time geological-hazard monitoring systems
Sleep Patterns Across Different Age Groups: A Survey Study in Ballari City, Karnataka, India
No full textThe study was carried out on the individual sleep quality of 400 individuals of different age groups of the Ballari city by considering various parameters. Sample size of 400 people. 25 male and 25 female of each group of 1-18, 95 people male and female for 19-45, 46-60 and above 60 age group were subjected to asking questions using survey method. Data collected for 1-18 years revealed that male have more response to sleep than females, mobile utilization is extremely high in females than males in the same group. Between 19-45 reveled that both male and female have shown similar response. Between 46-60 group male have less response than female due to stress and occupational stress. Above 60 age male sleep good than females as female watch more TV serials however they us less mobiles. In males no significant correlations were noticed between health status and sex or subjective quality. Further study helps to overcome from the psychosomatic diseases, physcological disorders like sleep apnea, parasomnias, sleep –wake disorders and some other physiological conditions
Research Progress and Application of Solid Waste Foam Concrete: A Comprehensive Review
No full textAs a new green building material, foam concrete not only has low deadweight and good thermal insulation performance, but also can add solid waste to reflect the principle of green environmental protection and resource reuse. However, the differences in the types and amounts of solid waste will significantly affect the performance of materials. Based on the systematic analysis of literature from around the world in the past five years, this paper introduces some kinds of fine aggregate substitutes in solid waste foam concrete, and summarizes the effects of expanded vermiculite powder, recycled concrete aggregate, and palm oil fuel ash on the performance of foam concrete. The research shows that the incorporation of these three kinds of solid wastes can improve the internal pore structure of foam concrete, thereby improving its mechanical properties and microscopic performance. Finally, the application of solid waste foam concrete in construction engineering is further discussed, and the development direction of future research is prospected
Evaluation of Salivary pH and Viability of Streptococcus Mutans after Chewing Neem and Mint Leaves: An in vivo Study
No full textNeem and mint leaves are well recognized in traditional Indian medicine for their stimulant, antiseptic, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. They have been incorporated into toothpastes and mouthwashes as natural anti-caries agents. Streptococcus mutans has a significant role in the development and worsening of dental caries. The present study aimed to assess the changes in salivary pH and the viability of Streptococcus mutans following the chewing of neem and mint leaves. A total of 60 saliva samples were collected from 30 subjects, both before and after chewing neem and mint leaves. Salivary pH was measured using pH indicator strips. All the samples are diluted to 1:160 and inoculated on Mutans-Sanguis agar plates, which were then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The bacterial colonies were counted, and the data were analysed with the Paired Sample T-Test. The average number of colonies seen prior to eating neem and mint leaves was 41.90, which decreased to 25.80 after chewing. This decrease was statistically significant (p = 0.004; p < 0.05). The average salivary pH rose from 5.995 before chewing to 6.190 after chewing, while the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.081; p>0.05). Chewing neem and mint leaves resulted in a significant decrease in Streptococcus mutans colony counts, suggesting antibacterial action. While salivary pH increased somewhat, it was not statistically significant
Decarbonizing Through Building Thermal Insulation - Coconut Fiber Impact
No full textOne of the major global issues threatening the survival of mankind is the effects of global warming exacerbated by the increasing production of carbon dioxide emissions. The global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration has increased by 50 per cent since pre-industrial times, rising from 277 ppm in 1750 to 416 ppm in June 2023. In the US, this end-use sector accounted for more than 36% of CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuel in 2020 for meeting energy demands related to heating and cooling. In Trinidad and Tobago, the electricity usage by the residential and commercial sector accounts for 40% of the power generated of which more than 50% is used for air-conditioning. This research investigates the potential reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide using coconut fibre as a building thermal insulation via its carbon sequestration properties. Thermal conductivity measurements were conducted in accordance with ASTM C-518-04, standard test method for steady-state thermal transmission properties by means of the heat flow meter apparatus. Coconut Fiber test specimens, 254 mm square, and of thickness, 25.4, 38 and 50.4 mm, respectively, were made. Experiments were conducted at mean test temperatures of 15.6oC and 21.8oC, for the density range 40kg/m3 to 90 kg/m3. For presently used building thermal insulation the environmental payback period shows that insulation materials are environmentally efficient, if they are used for between seven to ten years. This time is required to achieve an equivalent carbon environmental neutrality between production carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) and saved CO2e. Research on coconut fiber indicates that it meets the criteria for use as building thermal insulation. The analysis for coconut fiber batt insulation shows carbon sequestration and with building insulation application will continue to decrease the carbon footprint through energy savings. Coconut palm as a monoculture crop provides 51.14 t/hectare per year of above ground carbon stock. This translates to 188.6 Tons of CO2e per hectare. The results indicate that at the installation stage for a 1 m2 area, fiberglass insulation batt has +5 kg CO2e compared to carbon sequestration of 16.1 and 18.6 kg CO2e of coconut fiber insulation for RSI 2.29 and RSI 2.64, respectively. In the case of Trinidad and Tobago, where building insulation is grossly inadequate, if any at all, effective insulation has the potential to reduce the electrical demand for cooling in the residential and commercial sector by 35 to 50%. This translates to 7 to 10 % reduction in the overall electrical demand which is in line with the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement where it was agreed to reduce the overall carbon emissions by 15% by 2030