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Role of Antioxidants in Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Improving Athletic Performance: A Narrative Review
No full textOxidative stress occurs when the body\u27s antioxidant defense mechanisms are unable to neutralize the excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Physical exercise is a well-established inducer of oxidative stress, primarily due to enhanced mitochondrial respiration and ROS production in cellular compartments. Persistent oxidative stress can lead to structural and functional cellular damage, contributing to endothelial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of various chronic conditions. The interplay between physical activity and oxidative stress is complex and highly dependent on exercise duration, intensity, and training status. Although the body owns a robust endogenous antioxidant defense system, excessive oxidative stress may overwhelm these intrinsic mechanisms. In such cases, the intake of exogenous antioxidants—particularly through diet—becomes critical. Adequate consumption of antioxidant-rich foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, sprouts, and beans, is essential for athletes to maintain redox homeostasis. Vitamins and minerals with antioxidant properties, such as vitamins C and E, selenium, and zinc, play a pivotal role in this context.
The involvement of ROS and the antioxidant response in training-induced physiological adaptations and sports performance has been a major focus of research in recent years. So, keeping this in view this review explores the mechanisms of oxidative stress in athletes, the role of endogenous and dietary antioxidants, and evaluates recent studies on antioxidant supplementation and its effects on performance and recovery. Additionally, the findings are intended to guide athletes and sports professionals in optimizing their nutritional strategies based on individualized assessments, including blood biomarkers and physiological evaluations
Silage Feeding Practices: Identification of Key Constraints and Strategies for Effective Implementation
No full textThis study investigates the effectiveness of silage feeding practices in cattle management in Ahilyanagar District of Maharashtra state. The sample was constituted 120 respondent cattle owners drawn from three talukas from Ahilyanagar district. The respondents were interviewed with the help of a specially designed schedule. The Ex-post facto research design was used for the present study. The study identified key constraints affecting the adoption of silage feeding practices including a shortage of skilled labour, high labour and machinery costs, poor fermentation techniques, limited availability of quality fodder and lack of awareness about proper storage methods. To overcome these challenges, farmers emphasized the need for small-scale mechanized equipment, government subsidies, farmer training programs, targeted extension efforts and practical demonstrations. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and agricultural organizations, informing evidence-based decision-making and program improvements in agricultural extension services
Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Factors and Stock Price Performance of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
No full textStock price performance of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria represent the quality of investment financial decisions made by directors and management. However, stock price of Nigerian banks has remained volatile despite huge investments in Environmental (ENV), Social (SOC), Governance (COG) (ESG) factors. Extant literature has shown how ESG initiative affect stock price of companies. Stock price volatility of Nigerian banks could be attributed to lack of understanding of importance of ESG initiatives by investors. This study therefore investigated the effect of ESG factors on stock price performance of DMBs in Nigeria.
This study adopted ex post fact research design. The population for this study consists of all 737 deposit money banks (commercial and microfinance banks) purposively selected based on inclusive criteria. Time series and cross-sectional data were obtained from published audited financial statements. The validity and reliability of data is based on audited financial statements. Descriptive and inferential (panel data and granger causality) statistics at 5 per cent level of significance.
Panel data regression result showed that ESG factors exerted joint significant effect on stock performance (adj. R2 = 0.36, F (4,38) = 18.34, P = .00). Specifically, ENV had significant negative effect on stock performance (β= -0.23, t= -3, p = .00); SOC exerted insignificant negative effect on stock performance (β= -0.17, t= -1.67, p = .09); COG had significant negative effect on stock performance ((β= -0.87, t= -3.34, p = .00).
The study concludes that ESG factors significantly affect the stock price performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommended that Nigerian banks should improve their ESG disclosure practices by adopting global sustainability reporting standards. Banks should develop strategies to mitigate the financial burden of ESG compliance by adopting cost-effective and revenue-generating environmental and governance policies
Health Assessment of Shivnath River, Chhattisgarh, India through Analysis of Ichthyofaunal Diversity and Water Quality
No full textThis effective study evaluates the fish diversity and ecological health of the Shivnath River, a major tributary of the Mahanadi River in Chhattisgarh, India. Throughout whole field sampling and investigation of water quality conducted across three stations at the MahmaraAnicut where twenty fish species from six families were documented, with Cyprinidae being the dominant family. The effectual diversity indices such as Shannon-Wiener and Simpson\u27s Index were calculated to evaluate species richness and correlation. Various physicochemical parameters namely dissolved oxygen, pH, and total dissolved solids were analyzed to assess water quality. The research findings indicate the moderate biodiversity of the river, which is impacted by seasonal variation and anthropogenic pressures including pollution, overfishing, and invasive species introduction. The study advocates for integrated river basin management and conservation strategies to safeguard the ecological integrity of the Shivnath River. This study provides a crucial baseline for future conservation efforts and supports evidence-based policy interventions for the Shivnath River ecosystem. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of freshwater fish diversity in central Indian river systems and provide valuable insights for similar ecosystems facing comparable environmental pressures
Performance Characteristics of Asphalt Binders Modified with Microwave-Activated Crumb Rubber
No full textThis study investigates the use of microwave activation as a pretreatment method to enhance the compatibility between crumb rubber and asphalt, and systematically evaluates the road performance of microwave-activated crumb rubber modified asphalt (M-CRMA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed that, after microwave activation, the crumb rubber surface became rougher with an increased specific surface area and higher reactivity, thereby facilitating stronger interactions with asphalt. Rheological properties were comprehensively analyzed through dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) tests, and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests, under varying crumb rubber contents (20%–60%). Results showed that M-CRMA exhibited optimal performance at a 50% crumb rubber content, significantly improving high-temperature stability, durability, and moisture resistance, although the enhancement in low-temperature cracking resistance was limited. This research provides an effective approach for preparing high-content CRMA and demonstrates considerable potential for engineering applications
Research on the Characteristics of Similar Materials with Different Properties Based on Geomechanical Model Experiments
No full textThis paper introduces the basic principle of geomechanical model test, and analyzes its research status. Some new test technologies have been applied in geomechanical model tests, using infrared thermal imaging technology as the measurement method of geomechanical model tests, and using 3D printing technology to design and manufacture model similar materials. The advantages and disadvantages of the geomechanical model are studied and analyzed. Its advantages are that it can better simulate the construction process of the project, as well as the action mode and time effect of the load, and can study the whole process of the stress of the project, from elasticity to plasticity, to failure. The disadvantage is that relatively complex test technology and special test equipment are required, and similar conditions are generally difficult to meet. In order to explore the similarity of materials and the influence of rock mass with different properties, materials with low elastic modulus, medium elastic modulus and high elastic modulus were prepared and simulated Through the experimental results, the composition and preparation method of rock mass model material are determined, and it is concluded that cement, paraffin and oil are the controlling factors affecting the deformation characteristics of high, medium and low performance rock mass model material. This provides a theoretical basis for the problem that the similarity conditions of model materials are generally difficult to meet
Study on the Performance of Cement-Water Glass Double Liquid Grouting Material
No full textThe cement − water glass double liquid grouting material is often used in the early reinforcement and temporary plugging of the mine, so the lower material is often subject to greater maintenance pressure. In order to explore the field working performance of cement − water glass double liquid grouting material, this paper explores the influence of different water glass content ( volume ratio of 40 %, 50 % and 60 % respectively ) on the physical density and setting time of the consolidation body based on the indoor test, and simulates three kinds of deep well high water pressure environment ( 0.5Mpa, 1Mpa, 2Mpa ) to analyze the influence of curing pressure on the 7d strength of the consolidation body. The results show that with the increase of water glass content, the density of cement slurry decreases and the gelation time prolongs. With the increase of curing pressure, compared with the consolidation body under normal pressure curing, the compressive strength of the consolidation body with water glass content of 40 % and 50 % decreased first and then increased. When the curing pressure was 0.5 ~ 1Mpa, the compressive strength of the two consolidation bodies decreased by about 23 % and 47 % respectively compared with the control group under normal pressure. When the curing pressure was 1 ~ 2Mpa, the compressive strength of the two consolidation bodies increased by about 10 % and 25 % respectively compared with the control group under normal pressure. The compressive strength of the consolidated body with 60 % water glass content did not change much under three pressure environments
Application of Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy in Concrete Hydration
No full textThe hydration mechanism has always been a hot and difficult research topic in cement chemistry. The application of modern analytical instruments has greatly developed people\u27s understanding of the cement hydration process. At present, people have a relatively consistent understanding of the main characteristics of hydration, but there are still significant differences in the interpretation of details, especially the explanation of the reactions that occur in the first few hours of hydration. The practical significance of studying early hydration of cement lies in understanding the formation law of cement microstructure, and the changes in microstructure are of great significance for controlling the development of early strength of cement, and will ultimately affect the various properties of Portland cement and the concrete mixed with it. The early hydration process of Portland cement was continuously observed using environmental scanning electron microscopy. Describe the early hydration process of Portland cement into four stages: pre induction period, induction period, acceleration period, deceleration period, and stabilization period
Study on the Influence of Fibers to the Physical Mechanical Properties of Foam Concrete
No full textFoam concrete has been widely used in building, infrastructure and fire prevention fields because of its lightweight, excellent heat and sound insulation performance. However, due to its high porosity, the compressive strength of foam concrete is usually low, which limits its application in some high-strength structures. In order to solve this problem, researchers improve the mechanical properties of foam concrete by adding different types of fiber materials. This paper summarizes the research progress of fiber on the performance of foam concrete, and analyzes the influence of different types of fiber (such as polypropylene fiber, basalt fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, etc.) on the performance of foam concrete. The research shows that adding proper amount of fiber into foam concrete can effectively improve the mechanical, durability, dry shrinkage and other properties of foam concrete
Bridge Structural Health Monitoring under Moving Loads: A Time-varying Perspective
No full textWith the rapid development of our country\u27s economy, as the main hub of transportation, bridge undertakes increasingly heavy traffic tasks, and its safety requirements are getting higher and higher. In order to quickly and effectively judge the location and degree of damage of Bridges during service, effective measures can be taken to ensure the safe operation of Bridges, which makes the application of bridge structural damage identification technology more and more extensive in the field of bridge engineering. This paper reviews the research status, methods and challenges of time-varying bridge damage identification under moving loads, aiming to provide reference for relevant researchers. Firstly, the damage identification method based on dynamic response is proposed. The advantage of this method is that there is no need to interrupt traffic. Secondly, the strain energy-based damage identification methods focus on leveraging variations in strain energy distributions to detect and quantify damage in structures. The method is particularly effective as they relate directly to structural deformation and energy dissipation. In addition, a damage identification method based on wavelet packet decomposition is proposed. This method can reconstruct the signal to further highlight the damage information and improve the accuracy of recognition. Finally, the characteristics of each method are summarized and some problems and challenges in the study of time-varying damage of Bridges are put forward