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Post-infectious Reactive Arthritis: A Systematic Review
No full textAims: This study aims to systematically review the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies associated with post-infectious reactive arthritis, also known as Reiter’s Syndrome, based on 12 studies included in this systematic review.
Study Design: Systematic literature review.
Place and Duration of Study: Databases searched (PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, BVS, MEDLINE) between April and May 2025.
Methodology: The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Descriptors used included “Reactive Arthritis,” “Reiter Syndrome,” “Diagnosis,” “Treatment,” and names of associated pathogens. Inclusion criteria were studies published between 2015 and 2024, including observational studies, reviews, and case reports focusing on clinical, diagnostic, or therapeutic aspects of the disease.
Results: Reactive arthritis is most often triggered by Chlamydia trachomatis, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, or Campylobacter. Common symptoms included asymmetric oligoarthritis, enthesitis, urethritis, conjunctivitis, and skin lesions like circinate balanitis. Diagnosis remains clinical, aided by HLA-B27 testing and pathogen identification. NSAIDs were the first-line treatment, while DMARDs were used for chronic or severe cases. Antibiotic use was controversial, being generally recommended only in cases with confirmed active infection, particularly by Chlamydia trachomatis, and discouraged in resolved infections.. A multidisciplinary approach proved essential for managing systemic and extra-articular symptoms.
Conclusion: Post-infectious reactive arthritis presents consistent clinical patterns and requires early clinical suspicion, particularly in young adults with a recent infection. NSAIDs and DMARDs form the therapeutic backbone, but further research—particularly randomized trials—is needed to refine diagnostic and treatment protocols
Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiling of Subclinical Mastitis Affected Sheep and Goat in Organized Farms of Tamil Nadu, India
No full textMastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland or udder. A total of 267 numbers suspected milk samples were collected recently kidded female sheep and goats, aged 3 to 4 years, maintained in organized farms across Tamil Nadu during the period from 2021 to 2024. The suspected animals were clinically examined and showed sudden swelling in both quarter of udder and unable to feed kids and some of them are hyperthermia and anorectic. Clinical examination revealed that the mammary gland as hard, swollen, and reddish in colour, milk secretions are watery and yellowish in colour in some goats, no clinical symptoms. The body temperature remained elevated, and the animals appeared dull and depressed. Some of them also showed signs of diarrhoea and metritis. The BHI, Mac Conkey, SDA, Hichrome agar, EMP agar were used for isolation of different types of bacteria. The ABST was performed with Muller Hinton agar and the affected animal milk sample showed resistance against erythromycin, ampicillin, amoxycillin and sensitive towards ciprofloxacin, ceftriazone chloramphenicol and cefotaxime, gentamicin, enrofloxacin and gatifloxacin in ABST in case of staphylococcus. The streptococcus showed sensitivity towards ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, enrofloxacin and chloramphenicol, resistance towards cefotaxime, oxytetracycline, sulphadiazine, ceftriazone
State-of-the-Art: A Study of Big Data in African Historical Research
No full textAfrican historical research usually relies on traditional sources of data such as oral traditions, historical records, ethnographic and colonial archival documents. These sources of data are often limited in quantity and scope, usually fragmented and may not include contemporary events in real time. They may also lack a consistent format and may be geographically restricted. Nevertheless, in recent times historians in African studies are gradually deploying big data tools such as the Slave Voyages Project and Endangered Archives Programme (EAP) to digitise, preserve and provide easy access to African history. This approach is aimed at raising marginalised voices in African historiography.
Aims: This study provides an in-depth study of big data projects in African historical research. The study also investigates the potentials and problems of big data in African historical research.
Methodology: The study relies primarily on secondary data which include scholarly books, journal articles and conference proceedings obtained from diverse electronic academic databases.
Results: The result of the study revealed that while big data enhance African historical scholarship by creating a more understanding of the past, lack of skills in big data analytics, language barrier as well as loss of cultural, historical and social context of data due to identification of trends across large datasets are some of the challenges of big data in African historical research.
Conclusion: This study concludes that while big data offers efficient approach to researches in African history, its attendant challenges emphasises the need to balance this digital methodology with scholarship in traditional historical research
Molecular Characterization of Diverse Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes for Glycemic Index
No full textThe Glycemic Index (GI) of food is a measure of the rate at which glucose is released after consuming a specific amount and is important in diabetes management. The GI and digestibility of rice starch depends upon its amylose content and structure. The aim of current study was to asses GI of diverse genotypes and validate their association with GI linked marker. Considering the availability of diverse rice genotypes and their genetic variability, sixteen different rice genotypes/lines which includes six inbreed lines and four improved varieties developed by ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research Hyderabad and six genotypes from local market were screened for biochemical quality trait viz., amylose, carbohydrate, resistant starch along with glycemic index. The amylose content observed over the varieties ranged from 10.12 % to 62.58 %. Carbohydrate content ranged from 83.08 % to 86.33 % with the mean of 84.87 and resistant starch content varied from 1.75% to 5.34 % with the mean of 3.52. Glycemic index of selected rice varied from 52.40 to 137.06 with general mean of 83.33. In our study significant variation was observed among all varieties except carbohydrates. Among all varieties, CSR23 has significantly higher GI (137.06) and rice inbreed lines serially numbered as 84, 87, 97, 6-5 and 128 have shown significantly lower GI. Glucose uptake capacity by yeast cells was evaluated in presence of all rice genotypes/lines extract and it was observed that all the varieties except Jaya, Komal and 97 shows increase in % glucose uptake as compared to control sample. Allelic variations of marker RM190 for the waxy gene have also shown variations for tested rice genotypes/lines. Rice varieties such as inbreed lines 84, 87, 97, 6-5 and 128 which have lower GI are better for diabetes management
Career Advancement and Classroom Adroitness of Teachers in Public Elementary Schools
No full textThis study described the career advancement and classroom adroitness of teachers in public elementary schools in Baganga District, Division of Davao Oriental. This study used the non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing a correlational method. The respondents of this study were 131 teachers in public elementary schools using the universal sampling. The data analysis utilized the mean, Pearson\u27s r, and regression analysis. The findings disclosed that the level of career advancement in terms of commitment to excellence, honesty and integrity, respect for others, compassion, and social responsibility was high and oftentimes manifested. Moreover, the level of classroom adroitness in terms of collaboration, decision-making, resources, and communication was moderate and sometimes manifested by the teachers. It was found out that there was a significant relationship between career advancement and classroom adroitness of public elementary school teachers. It was revealed further that the domains of career advancement were significantly influenced by the classroom adroitness of public elementary school teachers. Based on the findings, the public-school teachers may attend conferences and trainings from the DepEd for the professional growth program. This may provide skillful improvement for teachers with the goal of building capacity thoroughly with supported education opportunities for learners, and concurrently learn the content of better academic practices
Crack Resistance of Fiber-reinforced Cement-stabilized Crushed Stone Bases: A Multi-scale Review
No full textCement-stabilized crushed stone base (CSGB), as an important component of semi-rigid pavement structure, its crack resistance performance directly affects the service life and service safety of the road. However, traditional CSGB is prone to cracking due to dry shrinkage, temperature shrinkage and load action, resulting in structural failure. Scholars at home and abroad have inhibited the development of cracks by adding fibers, and the fiber reinforcement technology can significantly improve its crack resistance through a multi-scale toughening mechanism. This paper systematically reviews the multi-scale action mechanisms and technological progress of the crack resistance performance of fiber-reinforced cement-stabilized crushed stone (CSGB) from 2019 to 2025. Research progress indicates that fibers suppress the initiation of microcracks through the bridging effect at the microscopic interface, construct a three-dimensional network at the mesoscopic scale to optimize the stress distribution, and ultimately achieve a breakthrough in macroscopic engineering performance - significantly reducing the crack density and deformation sensitivity of the base layer, and enhancing the ductility and durability of the material. Research progress on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polypropylene and modified natural fibers, etc., can specifically improve shrinkage deformation and fatigue response, providing key technical support for the design of high-crack-resistant base layers. This review provides a theoretical anchor point and technical path for breaking through the crack resistance bottleneck of traditional semi-rigid base layers, which has important engineering value for improving the service life of roads
Effects of Different Dates of Sowing on the Incidence of Borer Complex in Okra
No full textA field experiment was carried out on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) cv. Gujarat Anand Okra-8 during kharif 2024 at the Centre of Vegetable Research, C. P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, by adopting all standard horticultural practices. The objective was to evaluate the impact of different sowing dates on the infestation levels of the borer complex and to determine the most suitable sowing time. Among the five sowing dates tested, crops sown on 8th and 15th July recorded lower borer complex infestation, whereas higher incidences were observed in the crops sown on 29th July and 5th August. The highest fruit yield (92.32 q/ha) was obtained from the 8th July sowing, which was at par with the 15th July sowing (82.11 q/ha). The lowest yield (71.43 q/ha) corresponded with the highest pest infestation on 5th August sowing, indicating that early to mid-July is the most suitable sowing window for minimizing pest incidence and maximizing yield
Nutritional Profile and Functional Attributes of Almond Press Cake as a Sustainable Food Source
No full textAims: The rising demand for sustainable and nutrient-rich foods has intensified interest in using agro-industrial byproducts, particularly oilseed press cakes, as functional food ingredients. This study investigates the functional and proximate composition of almond press cake (APC), a byproduct of cold-pressed almond oil extraction.
Type of Study: This study is original research work.
Place and Duration of Study: The present research work was done in the Department of Home Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana between April 2024 to April 2025.
Methodology: The almond press cake was procured from Multan Oil Kolhu, New Delhi, on the day of extraction. The almond press cake was defatted and evaluated for changes in bulk density, water and oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity. Effect of defatting was also assessed on the proximate composition of almond press cake.
Results: Results indicated that defatting significantly(p≤0.05) improved the functional properties of the flour, increasing the bulk density (38.18%), tapped bulk density (4.88%) and water absorption capacity (8.69%). Proximate analysis revealed that the protein content significantly (p≤0.05) increased from 43.63% to 48.86%, while the fat content decreased from 5.28% to 0.92% significantly (p≤0.01). Additionally, the defatted APC showed improved levels of dietary fiber and ash, confirming its potential as an effective functional ingredient in food formulations.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the potential of defatted almond press cake as a valuable plant-based resource aligned with sustainable food system goals
Structural Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Bifurcation Pipes Based on Particle Swarm Genetic Hybrid Algorithm
No full textWith the increasing construction of large-scale hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations, reinforced concrete branch pipes, as a key part of the water conveyance structure, their stability is crucial to the safety of the power stations. Traditional optimization design of branch pipes mostly relies on engineers\u27 experience or optimizations for specific parts, and the application of intelligent algorithms is relatively limited. However, the development of computer technology has made it possible to optimize structures by combining intelligent algorithms. This paper aims to provide a more effective optimization scheme for reinforced concrete branch pipes. The particle swarm genetic hybrid algorithm is adopted, and an optimization platform is built by combining ANSYS and Matlab software. Parametric modeling of branch pipes is carried out through APDL language, and a fitness function is constructed based on stress conditions to screen the population. Verified by CEC standard test functions, the hybrid algorithm exhibits excellent performance in optimization accuracy, ability to escape local optima, and global optimization capability. In practical engineering applications, the volume of the optimized branch pipe is reduced, the concrete consumption is decreased, and the stress and displacement results meet the design specifications. The research shows that the particle swarm genetic hybrid algorithm effectively solves the problems of premature convergence of genetic algorithms and the tendency of particle swarm algorithms to fall into local optima. It provides new ideas and methods for the design optimization of reinforced concrete branch pipes and has important guiding significance for related engineering practices
Study of Research Progress on Prediction Methods for Safety Performance of Shield Tunnels
No full textWith the rapid development of urban underground space utilization, shield tunnel engineering is confronting increasingly complex geological conditions and environmental effects. The prediction of safety performance has become a critical technology for ensuring the entire life cycle safety of projects. In recent years, various prediction methods have developed through mutual integration, but there is still a lack of systematic classification and comparative analysis. This article comprehensively reviews the main method systems for predicting the safety performance of shield tunnels, including numerical simulation, model testing, mechanical analytical models, machine learning, and grey theory, etc. It systematically analyzes the theoretical basis, application characteristics, and limitations of each method, clearly explains the applicability of each method, and looks forward to the future development trend of multi-method integration. The aim is to provide a systematic reference for related research