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Ulcerative Dermatitis Lesions in Swiss Albino Mice: A Case Report
No full textAim: Ulcerative dermatitis (UD) is a common, multifactorial skin condition in laboratory mice, typically reported in C57BL/6 strains. This report documents the first known occurrence of UD in Swiss Albino mice and evaluates the response to standard topical therapy.
Presentation of the Case: Four Swiss Albino mice at the Laboratory Animal Facility, AIIMS Rishikesh, presented with alopecia, pruritus, ulcerations, anorexia, and debility. Lesions appeared on the outer pinna, dorsal thorax, and caudal areas. The mice were isolated and treated with a topical cream containing Clobetasol, Neomycin, and Miconazole, applied twice daily for five days. Only one animal recovered; the condition of the other animals deteriorated, and they were humanely euthanized.
Discussion: This case highlights Swiss Albino mice as susceptible to UD and demonstrates the limited efficacy of common topical treatments. The rapid progression may involve pruritogenic mechanisms such as mast cell degranulation. Alternative treatments like gabapentin or sodium hypochlorite may offer better outcomes in refractory cases.
Conclusion: UD requires prompt identification and intervention. Poor response to therapy often results in euthanasia due to severe morbidity. Further research is essential to develop effective treatment strategies and understand strain-specific disease dynamics
Time-Base Accuracy Evaluation of Static, RTK, and PPK Surveys in Differential GNSS
No full textThe Differential Global Positioning System (DGNSS), have three types of observations Static, Post processed Kinematics (PPK) and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) focuses on real-world efficiency-accuracy trade-offs. In "time-based survey methodology" in GNSS applications, particularly focusing on accuracy and efficiency for India/ In DGNSS surveying methods that rely on the timing of satellite signals and observations achieve high positional accuracy which is time dependent. To confirm the most accurate methods, DGNSS observations were taken using the three methods by fixing a base station, Rover station. Also, the different time of observation is considered to focus on accuracy and efficiency. It has been inferred for all the GNSS surveying procedures, the correction of all skills, that help to accomplish high positional accuracy. Static surveying is time-consuming but of high performance, whereas PPK rectifies errors after data collection, RTK provides positional perfections in real-time. Selecting an observational procedure shall offer empirical accurate data for surveyors to enhance fieldwork procedures. However, the time-based evaluation (30 minutes vs 1-hour static data showed an error difference of <=0.12”) is particularly valuable for resource-constrained projects. However, broader applicability requires deeper statistical validation
Review of Carbon Fiber Cementitious Materials Research
No full textThe research status of several common fiber-reinforced cementitious materials, such as steel fiber cementitious materials, polypropylene fiber cementitious materials, basalt fiber cementitious materials and hybrid fiber cementitious materials, is introduced, and the performance characteristics of carbon fiber cementitious materials and the research status are described in detail, and its mechanical properties, frost resistance, durability and thermal conductivity are summarized. The results show that carbon fiber can effectively improve some of the properties of cementitious materials, so that it can be better used in engineering. However, carbon fiber also has some shortcomings, need to choose to use according to the actual situation, in order to meet the actual engineering requirements
Response of Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Varieties to Application of NPS Fertilizer Rates in Gursum District, Somali Region, Ethiopia
No full textTomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production in the Gursum District is crucial for both food supply and income generation, but it faces significant challenges such as soil nutrient deficiencies, limited access to improved varieties, and the need for optimal fertilizer application. These issues often lead to lower yields and reduced profitability for farmers. To address these challenges, an experiment was conducted to identify the best tomato variety and the optimal NPS fertilizer rate to maximize fruit yield and economic benefits. The study tested three tomato varieties (Cochoro, Chali, and Gelilema) and five NPS fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha⁻¹) using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that both the tomato variety and the NPS fertilizer rates significantly affected the days to 50% flowering and maturity, the number of fruits per cluster, the yield of marketable and unmarketable fruits, the total fruit yield, and the average fruit weight. However, the interaction between the variety and fertilizer rates was not significant. Higher NPS rates (200 and 150 kg ha⁻¹) led to increased days to flowering and maturity, improved plant growth, more fruit sets, and higher yields, with the highest values observed at 200 kg ha⁻¹. The control group had the lowest values for all parameters, highlighting the importance of NPS fertilizer. The 150 kg ha⁻¹ rate produced the highest marketable fruit yield (42.76 t ha⁻¹) and the best economic outcomes, including the highest net benefit (662,158 ETB), benefit-cost ratio (6.15), and marginal rate of return (5173.26%). Additionally, growing the Gelilema variety with 150 kg ha⁻¹ NPS fertilizer could further increase the net benefit, benefit-cost ratio, and marginal rate of return to 770,451 ETB, 7.16, and 5562.28, respectively. Therefore, applying NPS fertilizer rate of 150 kg ha⁻¹ and using Gelilema variety is recommended to optimize tomato production and profitability in the Gursum District
Kinetic and Morpho-Functional Analyses of Refrigerated and Cryopreserved Semen of 5/8 Girolando Bulls
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the effects of refrigeration and cryopreservation on the sperm kinetic and morpho-functional parameters of 5/8 Girolando bulls. Eleven ejaculates from each bull were collected, diluted, and divided into two portions: one portion was subjected to refrigeration at 5ºC for 24 and 48 hours, while the second portion underwent cryopreservation(-196ºC). Post-thawing, various kinetic parameters were analyzed using the Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) system. These parameters included total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), linearity (LIN), straightness coefficient (STR), wobble coefficient (WOB), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat cross frequency (BCF). Additionally, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), acrosomal membrane integrity (AMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and chromatin condensation (CC) were examined for morpho-functional analyses. The results indicated that kinetic parameters (TM, PM, VCL, VSL, VAP) and morpho-functional analyses (PMI, MMP) differed significantly (P < 0.05) between cryopreserved and refrigerated semen, as well as other parameters such as LIN, ALH, and BCF across all groups. The acrosomal membrane integrity showed no differences, but CC varied significantly among all groups. In conclusion, semen from 5/8 Girolando bulls can be preserved for up to 48 hours at 5ºC, providing an alternative for the short-term use of genetic material from this breed
Bacteriological Analysis of Mini Buses in Effurun Delta State
No full textEvery human society depends on transportation. In most regions of the world, buses are a mode of transportation. Living in a society involves sharing numerous common areas, which allows a variety of germs that might cause illnesses to spread. Public transportation users have the potential to spread bacterial illnesses to others. To isolate, identify, and conduct an antibiotic sensitivity test on bacteria linked to public transportation vehicles and door handles, a bacteriological investigation of minibuses in Effurun was conducted. Eighty (80) samples in all were gathered from several Effurun parking lots. Salmonella species, Bacillus species, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were the bacteria that were isolated; S. aureus was the most common, occurring 40% of the time, while Bacillus species were the least common, occurring 10% of the time. The antibiotic with the highest sensitivity was Ciprofloxacin, whereas the one with the lowest sensitivity was Augmentin. However, it is assumed that as passengers use these door handles, the bacterial contamination changes. The organisms that are most likely to survive longer on these handles are those that can withstand a dry environment, such as the ones identified in our study. Frequent cleaning procedures could be an effective way to reduce the number of potentially harmful microorganisms that colonize
The Correlation of Intestinal Parasites and Malaria Coinfection on Hemoglobin Levels in People Living With HIV in Bamenda, Cameroon
No full textAims: This study aimed to determine the presence of malaria and intestinal parasites (IP) and their association with anaemia among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Bamenda.
Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study that comprised PLWH on treatment.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at St. Mary’s Hospital and Azire Integrated Health Centre between February and July 2023.
Methodology: The study recruited 280 PLWH. Venous blood was collected to identify the malaria parasite and to measure haemoglobin levels, while stool samples were examined for the presence of IPs.
Results: The prevalence of malaria, IP, and their co-infection were 6.8%, 14.4%, and 3.6%, respectively. Malaria prevalence showed no relationship with sociodemographic characteristics (p≥0.05). Only civil servants showed a significantly (p=0.033) higher IP prevalence (19.0%) with respect to sociodemographic characteristics. A higher prevalence of malaria and IP co-infection was recorded in females, specifically in the 29-38 years age group (7.3%), married individuals (5.3%), those self-employed (4.5%), and those who had attained tertiary education (6.4%). However, only gender showed a significant difference (p = 0.013). The prevalence of anaemia was 31.4% (88/280). Participants infected with Malaria, IPs, and Malaria/IPs coinfection were observed to have significantly (p≤0.05) lower mean Hb levels. The risk factors of anaemia identified were: primary educational level [AOR=2.859, p=0.019], helminths infection [AOR=0. 128, p=0.000] and unsuppressed viral load [AOR = 0.019, p=0.034).
Conclusions: ART clinics should conduct periodic screening for anaemia and routine checkups for malaria and intestinal parasites among PLWH. Integrating malaria and IP control into HIV care can improve patient outcomes
Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Maranhão State, Brazil
No full textAims: The present study aims to observe the epidemiological factors that lead to the high occurrence of Leishmaniasis cases in Brazil, highlighting the endemic area of Maranhão, the main factors involved in its transmission, the challenges for controlling the disease and the prospects for controlling this disease in the state.
Study Design: This is an analytical-descriptive epidemiological study of an ecological nature.
Place and Duration of Study: Data were collected from the SINAN/DATASUS database related to the Maranhão state health network, covering the period from 2020 to 2024.
Methodology: The study analyzed data obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN/SUS) through TABNET/DATASUS. Variables such as sex, age group, and education level were assessed to determine their correlation with the prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Maranhão. Ethical approval was not required due to the use of publicly available data.
Results: A total of 6,406 cases were recorded during the study period, with the highest prevalence among adults aged 20 to 59 years, predominantly male, and individuals with incomplete elementary education. The year 2024 showed a significant reduction in reported cases compared to previous years.
Conclusion: The epidemiological profile of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Maranhão is influenced by sociodemographic factors, with higher prevalence among men and individuals with incomplete elementary education. The study reinforces the importance of preventive health education policies to curb the spread of the disease
Discipline Maneuver of Teachers and Social Flaws of Students in Public Elementary Schools
No full textEffective classroom discipline plays a critical role in shaping student behavior and overall learning outcomes, particularly in elementary education where foundational social skills are formed. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the discipline maneuver strategies employed by teachers and the social flaws exhibited by students in public elementary schools. Grounded in the importance of classroom management for promoting positive student development, the research employed a descriptive-correlational design conducted among 139 public elementary school teachers. Standardized survey questionnaires were utilized to gather data, which were then analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple linear regression. The results revealed that teachers demonstrated a very extensive application of discipline maneuvers, while students were reported to exhibit moderately extensive social flaws. A moderate positive correlation was found between teachers\u27 discipline strategies and students’ social flaws, indicating a meaningful association. Among the discipline maneuver domains, reward emerged as the strongest predictor of students\u27 social flaws, followed by workout break, responsibility, and dignity. These findings underscore the importance of targeted classroom management practices that reinforce positive behavior while addressing students\u27 social-emotional needs. The study recommends that school administrators implement supportive policies and programs, including professional development on effective discipline techniques, values education, and student leadership opportunities. Additionally, counseling services, peer mentoring, and financial assistance programs are suggested to mitigate the underlying factors contributing to student social issues
Effect of Phosphorus Levels and Bio-organics on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rice Variety ADT- 43
No full textA field experiment was conducted in 2017 to evaluate the effects of varying phosphorus levels and bio-organic amendments on the yield performance and nutrient uptake of the rice variety ADT-43 in India. Rice productivity is often constrained by limited phosphorus availability and inefficient nutrient management practices. Although chemical fertilizers are widely used to address nutrient deficiencies, their long-term use poses environmental concerns and economic challenges. In this context, bio-organic inputs such as green manure and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) have gained attention as sustainable alternatives for improving nutrient availability and enhancing crop productivity. The results of the study demonstrated a significant increase in both grain and straw yields, as well as improved uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (68.86, 10.87, and 22.66 kg ha⁻¹, respectively), following the application of phosphorus, bio-organics, or their combination, compared to the untreated control. The percentage increase in grain and straw yield ranged from 5% to 26% and 23% to 40%, respectively. Yield values varied notably across treatments, with maximum grain and straw yields of 4279 kg ha⁻¹ and 6540 kg ha⁻¹, respectively, recorded under the combined application of 100% phosphorus (50 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹), green manure at 6.25 t ha⁻¹, and PSB. However, the study did not specify statistical significance thresholds such as p-values or confidence intervals, which are essential for validating the reliability and reproducibility of the reported differences