NIE Data Repository (National Institute of Education)
Not a member yet
317 research outputs found
Sort by
Related Data for: A motivation profile analysis of Malay students in Singapore
No full textThis study aims to examine the motivational profiles of Malay students in
Singapore-based self-regulated learning framework (Pintrich & De Groot,
1990) and self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985). The sample
consisted of 740 secondary school students from 24 tuition centres for Malay
students only. The students were from three academic streams in Singapore
(Express, Normal-academic, and Normal-technical). Using cluster analysis, five
different clusters of students were found based on their unique characteristics on self-regulation and learning strategies scores. The clusters were
named from best to poor in numeric order. Cluster 1 is characterized by
high scores on intrinsic value, self-efficacy, self-regulation, and lower scores
on lack of learning strategies and anxiety compared to other clusters. On the
other hand, cluster 5 has the lowest intrinsic values, self-efficacy, and selfregulation relative to their scores on other clustering variables. In addition,
the more adaptive profiles were also found to score higher in enjoyment and
effort, and lower in boredom, compared to other clusters. The findings
suggest that intra-individual differences in self-regulated learning behaviour
are associated with the expected differences in the type of motivation
possessed, and learning outcome measures
Related Data for: Ammonia transporter 2 as a molecular marker to elucidate the potentials of ammonia transport in phylotypes of Symbiodinium, Cladocopium and Durusdinium in the fluted giant clam, Tridacna squamosa
No full textGiant clams harbor coccoid Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates that are phototrophic. These dinoflagellates generally include multiple phylotypes (species) of Symbiodinium, Cladocopium, and Durusdinium in disparate proportions depending on the environmental conditions. The coccoid symbionts can share photosynthate with the clam host, which in return supply them with nutrients containing inorganic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Symbionts can recycle nitrogen by absorbing and assimilating the endogenous ammonia produced by the host. This study aimed to use the transcript levels of ammonia transporter 2 (AMT2) in Symbiodinium (Symb-AMT2), Cladocopium (Clad-AMT2) and Durusdinium (Duru-AMT2) as molecular indicators to estimate the potential of ammonia transport in these three genera of Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates in different organs of the fluted giant clam, Tridacna squamosa, obtained from Vietnam. We also determined the transcript levels of form II ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcII) and nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) in Symbiodinium (Symb-rbcII; Symb-NRT2), Cladocopium (Clad-rbcII; Clad-NRT2) and Durusdinium (Duru-rbcII; Duru-NRT2), in order to examine the potential of ammonia transport with reference to the potentials of phototrophy or NO₃− uptake independent of the quantities and proportion of these Symbiodiniaceae phylotypes. Our results indicated for the first time that phylotypes of Symbiodinium and Cladocopium could have different potentials of ammonia transport, and that phylotypes of Symbiodinium might have higher potential of NO₃− transport than ammonia transport. They also suggested that Symbiodiniaceae phylotypes residing in different organs of T. squamosa could have disparate potentials of ammonia transport, alluding to the functional diversity among phylotypes of coccoid Symbiodinium, Cladocopium, and Durusdinium
Related Data for: A clinician-free method using top-view photography for screening and monitoring hallux valgus
No full textBackground
Hallux valgus is a progressive foot deformity that commonly affects middle-aged women. The aim of this study was to develop a novel method using only top-view photographs to assess hallux valgus severity.
Methods
A top-view digital photograph was taken of each foot of 70 female participants. Two straight lines were drawn along the medial edge of the great toe and forefoot, and the included angle (termed bunion angle) was measured using a free software program. Each foot was also assessed by a clinician using the Manchester scale as no (grade 1), mild (grade 2), moderate (grade 3), or severe (grade 4) deformity.
Results
The mean bunion angles of the 140 feet were 6.7°, 13.5°, and 16.2° for Manchester grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively (no foot was in grade 4). The reliability was excellent for both intrarater (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.93–0.95) and interrater (ICC = 0.90) assessments. Receiver operating characteristic curves determined the optimal bunion angle cutoff value for screening hallux valgus to be 9°, which gives 89.2% sensitivity and 74.2% specificity.
Conclusions
The bunion angle is a reliable, clinician-free method that can potentially be integrated into a smartphone app for easy and inexpensive self-assessment of hallux valgus.</p
Related Data for: Not just reading the romance online: Adolescent girls’ reading Korean Manhwa
No full textPortable mobile technologies and high-speed access to the internet has led to the development of new online-first reading materials such as Korean Manhwa or webtoons, designed for quick consumption on mobile devices. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 11 adolescent girls aged 14 to 15 years old, this study examines why and how adolescents read Manhwa, especially romances. Findings show that these girls read for entertainment and to escape from reality. Strong visual aesthetics, relatable characters and engaging storylines, driven by technological infrastructures encouraging continual engagement, support these adolescents’ immersion in online storyworlds. Their engagement with these texts allowed the girls as readers to discover self as reader and person, negotiating multifaceted aspects of their working, moral and romantic lives as they envision present and future possibilities
Related Data for: Effects of four weeks of alternate-day fasting with or without protein supplementation: A randomized controlled trial
No full textBackground/Objectives: Long-term alternate-day fasting (ADF) effectively combats obesity, but its short-term effects are less clear. Like other diets, ADF-induced weight loss often includes muscle loss, and whether protein supplementation mitigates this is uncertain. This study examined the effects of short-term ADF on body composition and health and whether protein supplementation preserves muscle mass during weight loss in young Asian men with an unhealthy BMI (≥23.0 kg/m2).
Methods: Twenty participants were recruited for a single-arm trial to address the first objective, and twenty-six participants were randomly assigned to a control (C) or protein group (P) in a follow-up trial to address the second objective. The participants alternated between feeding (ad libitum) and fasting (400–600 kcal consumed between 12 and 2 PM) days for four weeks. The participants in P consumed 25 g of whey protein as part of the fasting-day meal. Pre–post body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Anthropometry, fasting blood glucose (FG), and resting blood pressure (BP) were measured weekly.
Results: Since interaction effects were absent, data from all three groups were combined for analyses. Four weeks of ADF significantly (p < 0.001) reduced body (2.4 kg), fat (1.6 kg), and fat-free (0.8 kg) mass.BP and FG levels remained unchanged (p = 0.753–0.919). No significant differences were detected between the C and P groups for any of the measures.
Conclusions: Short-term ADF effectively reduced body and fat mass, but it also reduced muscle mass, and this reduction was not attenuated by low-dose protein supplementation (25 g) during fasting days. Future studies should explore the effectiveness of protein or leucine supplementation, throughout the feeding and fasting days, in terms of preserving muscle during weight loss
Related Data for: A case study to overcome barriers and enhance motivations through experience of a variety of exercises: Theory-based intervention on an overweight and physically inactive adult
No full textA 5-month exercise intervention using self-determination theory was conducted for a physically inactive male adult with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 to overcome perceived exercise barriers and increase autonomous motivation to exercise through a variety of exercise programs. The participant underwent three different forms of exercise programs: trainer guided, self-guided via YouTube channels, and accustomed exercises for 3 hr weekly. The participant completed a questionnaire and body mass index measurement at baseline and during the second, fourth, and fifth months of intervention and kept an exercise log throughout the 5 months. Consultations were conducted during the second and fourth months. At the end of the program, a semistructured interview was conducted. The data showed that psychological needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and exercise behavior had improved, while perceived barriers had decreased. This case study provides insight into how a theory-based intervention could effectively promote exercise behavior by targeting psychological factors
Related Data for: The impacts of leisure nostalgia on well-being and turnover intention: The mediating roles of leisure satisfaction and work commitment
No full textTeaching is one of the most stressful professions, and school teachers show a high turnover rate. Although it is an important issue in society, the work-life balance of teachers has not been extensively addressed in the context of leisure. Therefore, given the critical role of leisure in life, this study examined the relationships among school teachers’ leisure nostalgia, leisure satisfaction, work commitment, turnover intention, and well-being. A total of 489 responses were collected from school teachers in Singapore. Results revealed leisure nostalgia positively influenced leisure satisfaction and work commitment. Furthermore, leisure satisfaction had positive effects on work commitment and well-being, while work commitment negatively affected turnover intention and positively affected well-being. This study also found the significant indirect effects of leisure nostalgia on work commitment, turnover intention, and well-being. This study contributes to a better understanding of the work-leisure relationship and provides strategies to improve well-being
Related Data for: Pre-performance physiological state: Heart rate variability as a predictor of shooting performance
No full textHeart rate variability (HRV) is commonly used in sport science for monitoring the physiology of athletes but not as an indicator of physiological state from a psychological perspective. Since HRV is established to be an indicator of emotional responding, it could be an objective means of quantifying an athlete’s subjective physiological state before competition. A total of 61 sport shooters participated in this study, of which 21 were novice shooters, 19 were intermediate shooters, and 21 were advanced level shooters. HRV, self-efficacy, and use of mental skills were assessed before they completed a standard shooting performance task of 40 shots, as in a competition qualifying round. The results showed that HRV was significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy and performance and was a significant predictor of shooting performance. In addition, advanced shooters were found to have significantly lower average heart rate before shooting and used more self-talk, relaxation, imagery, and automaticity compared to novice and intermediate shooters. HRV was found to be useful in identifying the physiological state of an athlete before competing, and as such, coaches and athletes can adopt practical strategies to improve the pre-performance physiological state as a means to optimize performance
Related Data for: Position vectors, homologous chromosomes and gamma rays: Promoting disciplinary literacy through Secondary Phrase Lists
No full textThe pedagogical approach of Disciplinary Literacy has been gaining recognition in secondary schools internationally. It shares much with English for Specific Purposes, though as yet there have been few interdisciplinary connections. This paper draws on ESP corpus research to produce innovative resources for developing disciplinary literacy, i.e. the Secondary Phrase Lists, a set of discipline-specific lists containing content word phraseology across multiple subjects. The current study builds on two recent trends in wordlist research. Firstly, there has been a debate over the extent of a general academic vocabulary, which has led to a focus on discipline-specific pedagogical wordlists. Secondly, there has been a movement toward capturing phraseology. The SPL combines these two trends. Furthermore, the paper contributes to theory as well as practice. The extent of a general academic vocabulary has been questioned by previous research that has found vocabulary and lexical bundles vary so much by discipline that a discipline-specific approach to vocabulary instruction should be adopted. The current study explores content word phraseology (e.g. gamma rays) and reports disciplinary variation greater than previous phraseological research into lexical bundles, suggesting limited general academic vocabulary for phrases of this kind, thereby supporting the need for discipline-specific resources that capture them
Related Data for: The hopes and dreams for youth with intellectual disabilities
No full textTransition is difficult for everyone, but it is particularly challenging for youth with ID and their families. When these youth transition out of school to post school environments, they will move from a structured environment with clear daily routines, with school personnel who are tasked to teach and support them, to environments where on-going support and services are not readily available. The purpose of this study is to explore how the various stakeholders envision the future for youth with ID from the perspectives of the individuals themselves, their parents and siblings, and the school personnel. Thirty-three participants from four stakeholder groups (i.e., eight students with ID, 10 parents, six siblings and nine school personnel) participated in this study. The eight student participants were from three special schools. We utilized semi-structured interviews and qualitative research methods to explore the perspectives of stakeholders on youth with ID transitioning to adulthood. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The various stakeholders envisioned a future where the youth with ID will: (a) be meaningfully occupied and/or gainful employed, (b) be independent in managing themselves, (c) be emotionally and/or physically healthy, (d) be safe, and (e) have social lives. The findings provide insights into the stakeholders’ vision of the future for youth with ID and suggest that while working to increase post school options is critical, more importantly, we need to support the family to empower the youth to explore the available opportunities. A family’s hopes and dreams for the youth with ID are often clouded by society’s expectations for people with disabilities. Therefore, the mindsets, beliefs and attitudes of the general public towards the participation of people with disabilities in the society must change