IIUM Journal of Orofacial and Health Sciences (IJOHS)
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Orthodontic treatment of an adult patient with aggressive periodontitis – A case report
Get PDFA 26-year-old man with an aggressive periodontitis sought for orthodontic treatment to improve the appearance of his smile. He presented with generalised anterior spacing, missing lowerleft central incisor and deep traumatic bite. He was treated successfully with a combination of orthodontic and periodontal treatment. After 18 months of orthodontic treatment and follow upby the periodontist, his alignment of teeth was improved, a stable occlusion was achieved, and occlusal trauma was prevented. As a result, the patient’s smile appearance and selfconfidence were improved. Orthodontic tooth movement is not only to correct the alignment of his teeth but also to improve the bone level especially at the anterior region. This case report shows the successful treatment outcome in aggressive periodontitis patient which requires good collaboration between the orthodontist and the periodontist
Radiographic findings in panoramic radiographs of patients attending Kulliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM
Get PDFThis research was done to study the radiographic finding of the jaws amongst the patients attending at the polyclinic using Orthopanthomograph (OPG). The OPG was taken using the Planmeca Promax 3D and the Planmeca Romexis software (Version 2.1.1.R). The first step was collecting all the OPG images from 1st April 2009 until 31st January 2011. Then, the abnormal radiographs were further divided into 3 groups which were radiolucent, radiopaque and mixed. This classification includes site, size, border, and possible diagnosis as part of the lesion`s appearance. One thousand four hundred and five OPG images were retrieved, 96 images were discarded because of poor quality. The data collected were analyzed statistically by using SPSS Version 16.0. Among 77 abnormal radiographic images, 41 images were radiopaque, 30 images were radiolucent and 6 images were mixed. Out of 77 abnormal images, 34 images that showed bone lesion were from male patients while the rest which was 43 images from female. In conclusion, most of the pathological lesion occur in the mandible
A pilot study: pledge your teeth! The willingness of dental students to donate their teeth
No full textExtracted human teeth is the preferred choice for preclinical training as it simulates the clinical scenario as compared to artificial teeth. However, the increase in the number of dental undergraduates might cause an imbalance in the demand and supply of extracted human teeth. Not only that, extracted human teeth are also needed by researchers for the development of dentistry (e.g. dental pulp stem cells research). This study aimed to evaluate the socio-demographic and preclinical training factors associated with the willingness to donate teeth among dental students of a selected university in Malaysia. The results of thisstudy show that the majority of students were willing to donate their teeth after extraction for educational purposes, followed by keeping their tooth, leaving it behind as clinical waste anddonating it to research. Further research is recommended to determine the willingness of the community or public to donate their teeth to meet the demand for dental schools and researchers in Malaysia
Internet addiction among pharmacy undergraduate students in Malaysia
Get PDFInternet addiction occurs due to excessive and uncontrolled use of the internet. It may hinder academic achievement and lead to reduction in quality of life of the students. This study aims to assess the prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among pharmacy students. A sample of 223 students from Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia participated in this study. Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) was used to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction. The prevalence of IA among pharmacy students was 26.9% while 13.5% were at higher risk for addiction. Although the mean score was higher among male students but it was not statistically significant (P>0.05). IA is significantly higher amongstudents who are spending more than 40 hours per week online. Students with poor social interaction had higher mean CIAS score than those who were socially active, however the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) In conclusion, Internet addiction need to be addressed early to prevent its effects on physical and mental wellbeing. Students need to be educated about controlling and managing time spent online to avoid progression into internetaddiction.
Effect of phenotypic switching on the susceptibility of Candida krusei towards amphotericin B, nystatin and Piper betle aqueous extract
Get PDFCandida krusei (C. krusei) is associated with oral candidiasis, particularly in immunecompromised patients. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of phenotypic switching to the susceptibility of C. krusei towards amphotericin B, nystatin and aqueous extract of Piper betle (P. betle). To induce phenotypic switching, C. krusei was inoculated in yeast extract peptone dextrose (YEPD) broth supplemented with 5 mg mL-1 phloxine B andincubated for five hours at 25 °C. Later, 100 µL of the suspension was inoculated on YEPD agar supplemented with 5 mg mL-1 phloxine B and incubated for five days at 25 °C. Disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays were conducted to determine the susceptibility of C. krusei. The results showed that all C. krusei switched generations were susceptible towards amphotericin B and nystatin with the 3rd and 4th generations significantly more susceptible than the un-switched, respectively (P<0.05). All C. krusei switched generations were also observed to be susceptible towards the aqueous extract of P. betle. The MIC of amphotericin B, nystatin and P. betle were determined at 10 µg mL-1, 10 µg mL-1 and 12.5 mg mL-1, respectively for all generations of C. krusei. In conclusion, the susceptibility of C. krusei was phenotypically switched generation dependent towards amphotericin B, nystatin, and Piper betle aqueous extract
Genetics of malocclusion: A review
Get PDFoai:ojs2.journals.iium.edu.my:article/2Malocclusion is one of the most common craniofacial problems observed worldwide. Affected individuals suffer not only from aesthetic concerns but also from functional problems, such as with mastication and pronunciation. The prevalence of malocclusion in East Asians is higher than in other races. Reports have shown besides environmental factors, there is association between certain types of malocclusion with specific genes. Positive association of mandibular prognathism has been implicated to genes such as Matrilin-1; while mutation in DUSP6 has also been shown to contribute to the incidence of malocclusion. This review aimed to briefly discuss the involvement of other additional genes such as MYO1H and PAX9 in the incidence of malocclusion as observed from our local institution
Isolation of Candida species in children and their biofilm-forming ability on nano-composite surfaces
Get PDFCandida species including Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata are opportunistic microorganisms that inhabit oral cavity. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of dental caries on Candida spp. biofilm-forming ability on nano- composite with the hypothesis that dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. To assess Candida spp. colonisation in the oral cavity of the paediatric patient, samples were obtained from 30 subjects aged five to six years old from Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. The samples were collected from buccal mucosa, palate and tooth surfaces using sterile swabs. 10 mL of patient’s saliva suspension was also collected. Following that, the samples were inoculated on CHROMagar and incubated for 24 h at 37 ºC. Candida biofilm of caries isolate C. albicans (HNFC2), and C. albicans ATCC 32354 were developed on three different types of nano-composites. The study showed that no C. albicans was isolated from the caries-free oral cavity while 76% of children with caries possessed Candida spp. 65% of the yeasts were isolated from the tooth surface. Only 35% of the total isolates were obtained from soft tissues, including palatal and buccal mucosa. C. albicans is the most isolated Candida spp. with 82% and 67% of the yeast were obtained from the tooth surface and buccal mucosa, respectively. Besides, HNFC2 significantly colonised the nano- composites more than the ATCC (P < 0.05). In the comparison of the three types of nano- composites, nano-hybrid-based containing pre-polymerised filler (cB) exhibited the least C. albicans HNFC2 cells colonisation with 7.7 x 10³ cells mL-1. In contrast, the nano-composite that contained bulk-filled nanohybrid (cC) was the most colonised with 14.3 x 10³ cells mL-1. In conclusion, dental caries enhances the colonization of Candida spp. in children's oral cavity, and that caries isolate form more biofilm on nano-composites compared to the lab strain C. albicans
Introduction to IJOHS
Get PDFIt gives me great pleasure to write the foreword for the inaugural issue of the International Journal of Orofacial and Health Sciences (IJOHS).
The field of orofacial and health sciences is not static and the demand for studies addressing the large variety of current issues continues to grow. As an example, in medicine and dentistry, the planning and evaluation of maxillofacial surgery are dependent on advances in biomedical imaging for defining the underlying bony structures and their relationship to overlying soft tissue. Recently, the availability of state-of-the-art computed tomography (CT) has altered our approach to the analysis of complex craniofacial anomalies. Furthermore, the sophistication of medical imaging of the head and neck has advance significantly as a result of the marriage of computers and radiology and their close research collaboration between researchers and scientist, engineers and clinicians.
In view of this demand and the fact that numerous research findings published, there is a need for this journal, aims to bring together dentist, doctors and scientists, and other disciplines including computer expert and engineers to work together. Therefore, this journal hopes to create a medium for sharing ideas and importantly to provide a springboard for the application of multi-disciplinary and trans-disciplinary approaches with the common interest to share their knowledge and experience in many aspects of orofacial and health sciences. In addition to recognize, nurture and encourage scientific thinking that is required for the development and application of expanding biomedical knowledge and to foster scholarly interaction between them therefore contributing to the creation and improvement of sciences.IJOHS is proud to launch its inaugural issue to keep informed of the activities and progress made. The editorial team believed that IJOHS will become the important source for the continuous research and commentary by offering an exceptional forum for the ongoing activities of the above professionals and to keep abreast of current trend and future developments.
We look forward to working together to achieve this important goal. May I also take this opportunity to extend my grateful thanks to the Dean of the Kulliyyah of Dentistry, Dr. Salwana Supa’at for electing me as Chief Editor
Dental treatment needs among patients undergoing screening at a university-based dental institution in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Get PDFUniversity-based dental institution in Malaysia receives large number of dental visits, however, dental treatment needs among patients attending this kind of institution is not usually reported. This study aimed to identify the trend of dental treatment needs in a university-based dental institution in Kuantan, Pahang situated in the East Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia. This cross-sectional study utilized secondary data, obtained from list of patients who underwent for screening at Outpatient Clinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia from 1st January to 31st December 2016. Patient’s age, gender, residential area and dental treatment needs were retrieved from the list. All patients were included except those with incomplete data, with old Malaysian identification card or foreign passport or those assigned to receive Orthodontic treatment. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi Square test was run using SPSS® Version 20 software. Conservative care (22.7 %) was the major treatment need among 2,627 patients included in this study. Teenage and adult patients mostly required conservative care while the elder- aged patients have major need for prosthodontics. Females outnumbered males in requiring all types of dental treatment, except for conservative care which was pre-dominantly required by males. Patients residing non-urban area majorly required all types of dental treatment except for endodontics and conservative care which were more frequently necessitated by patients from urban area. Conservative care was the major dental treatment need. The type of dental treatment needs has significant association with patient’s age, gender and residential area
Safe dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic
Get PDF Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused widespread public health concerns and many disruptions in our daily life. Dental professionals may encounter patients with COVID-19 infections in their practice. This technical report provides suggestions andrecommendations for implementing infection control in the dental office during COVID-19 pandemic