IIUM Journal of Human Sciences (IJOHS)
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The Role of Emotion Regulation, Family Function, and Sex Differences in Early Adulthood Anxiety
Get PDFAnxiety becomes one of the most common disorders in the world and the early adulthood phase becomes anxiety-prone because of all the demands and stressful conditions. In addition, anxiety also involves complex biological, psychological, and socio-cultural phenomena. This cross-sectional study examined the role of emotion regulation, family function, and sex differences in early adulthood anxiety. The study used convenience sampling technique and involved 222 participants (20.27% of male and 79.73% of female) aged between 18 to 30 years (M=24.9, SD=3) were assessed with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and Family Assessment Device (FAD). Data analysis used ANCOVA and multiple regression. The results suggest that emotion regulation, family functioning, and sex differences simultaneously play a significant role in anxiety (p=0.000). Emotion regulation, family function, as well as sex differences, partially indicated a significant role in anxiety (p=0.018, p=0.000, p=0.008). Therefore, enhancing emotion regulation ability and strengthening family function can be one way to prevent or minimize the likelihood of anxiety
Examining Factors that Influence IIUM Students’ Involvement in Da’wah Activities via Social Media
Get PDFThe rapid development of new media and communication technology has revolutionised how da’wah is disseminated. Consuming and sharing Islamic content online has become a norm in the contemporary lifestyle of Muslims due to the advancement in social networking and communication technology. However, there are concerns with the credibility, reliability, and accuracy of religious information shared on social media. Communication scholars have long examined social media use among young adults and much of the focus has been on identifying different motives for using social media, and how social media use and intensity predicts motives for using social media. However, not many studies have focused on religious motives in using social media, and how it affects involvement in da’wah activities through social media. The quantitative approach was utilised, using a cross-sectional survey distributed online among IIUM students (N = 275). Overall, as predicted by the uses and gratification theory, social media involvement is positively correlated to motives for using social media. Those who were more involved in using social media were also more likely to engage in da’wah activities via social media. Findings also indicate that students who have more formal exposure to Islam are also more interested in online da’wah activities via social media. Finally, social interaction and informational motives in using social media lead to higher involvement in da’wah activities via social media. Based on the findings, specific suggestions to improve participation in da’wah activities using social media platforms are provided in this study
Sociological and Anthropological Theories of Social Order from Islamic Perspective
Get PDFTheories of social order discussed by Western sociologists and anthropologists are based on their philosophical paradigms and the purview of their geographical settings. These theories on social order are limited within the confinement of the human eye, and hence, underscore the revealed knowledge and other contemporary Islamic teachings. It is observed that these scholars appear to criticize each other's work, opening doors for better interpretations based on the Quran verses and hadith. This paper reviews the classic discussions of social order theories by Talcott Parsons, Robert Merton, Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore, Bronislaw Malinowski, Alfred Redcliff Brown and Herbert Blumer within the scope of Islamic perspectives. To understand the contemporary social order theories in this 21st century, modern illustrations were also applied. This paper believes that the Western sociological and anthropological theories were incomplete and required beyond human discussions. It means that only revealed knowledge can explain the exigencies of social orde
The Relationship between Social Support and Depressive Symptoms among Undergraduate University Students
Get PDFDepression among youth nowadays is alarming and many factors that lead them todevelop depressive symptoms. One of the elements is lack in social support and socialsupport also can become the protective factor towards depression. This studyinvestigated the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms amongundergraduate university students. The participants were recruited throughconvenience sampling and they have voluntarily answered the questionnaire throughan online survey link. They were among 100 IIUM undergraduate students from alllevels of studies, various kulliyyah and consisted of 9 males and 91 female studentsranged between 18 until 25 years old. It has been hypothesized that there will be asignificant relationship between social support and depressive symptoms amongundergraduate university students. A correlational survey design was used in thisstudy through chi-square data analysis in analyzing the relationship between the threelevels of social support and four levels of depressive symptoms. A chi-square analysiswas conducted and the result found that there was a statistically significantrelationship between these variables, χ2 (6) =16.712, p<.05, p=0.01. The resultindicated that there was a relationship between social support and depressivesymptoms in which students with a high level of social support had a minimal level ofdepressive symptoms. The limitation of this study is the small sample size (n=100);most of the participants were females students (91%) and the scale in the form of selfreportthat can cause bias. The significance of this study is it can provide anunderstanding to the society about the importance and role of social support amongthe people. Besides, the present study will show the relationship of social support ondepressive symptoms due to the absence or presence of social support. Moreover, thisstudy also can help society and policymakers to develop more intervention programsrelated to social support. Thus, social support plays a vital role in alleviatingdepressive symptoms
Compliance, Violation and Contestation: States, International Law, and Factors of Compliance
Get PDFThis article aims to highlight the differences between state practice vis-à-vis their adherence to International Law. The study explores the significant differences and nuances between state adherence and non-adherence to international law. The varying degrees of state practice can be classified into a trifecta of observable categories. They are compliance, violation, and contestation. Notwithstanding other unique and exceptional factors, this study also gives an overview of eminent factors for state compliance to international law based on what is found in literature.
Keywords: International Law, Compliance, Contestation, Violation, Factor
The Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour among Gum Arabic Consumers in Malaysia
Get PDFAcacia senegal and acacia seyal, which are known as gum arabic, are not only used as food stabilisers and protective agents against dental erosion, but also as dietary supplements to be consumed daily. Due to the multi-functionality and increasing demand for gum arabic, the present study aims at applying the theory of planned behaviour among gum arabic consumers by investigating the relationship between attitudes towards consuming gum arabic (M = 29.56, SD = 5.96), subjective norms (M = 20.95, SD = 5.32), perceived behavioural control (M = 23.78, SD = 4.78), intention (M = 30.04, SD = 6.37) and behaviour. A cross-sectional survey with purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 100 participants (72% females and 28% males) who were gum arabic consumers. Their age range was between 18 to 64 years old. The Survey of the Theory of Planned Behaviour was used to measure the variables in the present study. Results indicate that attitudes towards gum arabic (r = .79, p < .001), subjective norms (r = .54, p < .001) and perceived behavioural control (r = .88, p < .001) were positively associated with the intention to consume gum arabic. The intention was positively correlated with consumption behaviour (r = .32, p < .001). As the consumer psychology study on gum Arabic in Malaysia is scarce, the findings provide a noteworthy contribution to the body of knowledge, especially in understanding the consumption behaviour among gum arabic consumers from psychological perspective. In addition, the present study offers valuable insights for gum arabic marketers and suppliers in understanding their consumers so as to develop effective and winning strategies to market this product, in line with the regulations and guidelines from the government
Final Year Psychology Students’ Perceptions of Their Degree and Career Preferences
No full textIn today’s world, the selection of job is not a decision that can be made instantly as every career field requires a person to be equipped with specific type of education that comes with its own experiences, skills, and personality traits that are good fit for the career. This paper aims to identify students’ perceptions of their degree and their career preferences. The participants consisted of one male and three female final year psychology students from International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). The sample size was determined through purposive sampling of 53 final year psychology students. The participants were chosen based on the conscientiousness score they obtained from a screening test. This study employed instrumental case study design by using semi-structured questions to explore participants’ perceptions and opinions and obtain open-ended data. Interview sessions were conducted through Zoom Meeting to collect data and the approximate duration of each interview was around 15 to 30 minutes. The qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis in order to identify themes that reflect the textual data. The result showed that students’ perceptions of their degree characterized by the establishment of self-concept and personal growth, and students’ career preferences were influenced by their perceptions of their degree. 8 themes were identified namely, positive characteristics, negative characteristics, changes in behaviour and perception, applicable knowledge and skills, employability skills, relevant courses, psychology-related career, and human resources
Social Movement Theories: From Class Conflict to Post-Industrial Interpretations - A Search for A Muslim Perspective
Get PDFSocial movements have become an important topic within sociology in modern times. Even though it has not reached a consensus regarding its definition and typology, people define it as a collective action against a particular class to achieve a specific end. It has been articulated through various theories and perspectives. Sometimes, it is also compared with notions such as political parties, interest groups, civil society, and religious organisations. However, it has been presented both as a catalyst for social change and a result of social change and structure. The objective of this paper is to examine various social movement theories, especially concerning its relevance to social movement analysis of Muslim societies. This paper also investigates a Muslim perspective of social movement peculiar with Muslim societies, focussing on the Arab spring particularly the Egyptian case, to understand the scope and relevance of social movement theories in the Muslim world. The content analysis method are used to achieve the objectives. This paper finds that social movement is suitable as an analytical tool, not an empirical category, to understand Muslim societies. However, instead of any theory or paradigm, a multidisciplinary approach is more compatible to be used in the study of the Muslim world
The Failure of Former African Liberation Movements to Transition to Democracy after Ascension to Power: A Descriptive Analysis of Eritrean People’s Liberation Front
Get PDFThis paper investigates the perplexing issue of the democratic deficit in Africa's post-liberation states. It seeks to answer why former African liberation movements failed to make a genuine transition to democracy during the second stage of the national liberation struggle, instead of leaving behind authoritarian military regimes and one-party states that disappointed people. The paper's primary goal is to study the transitional path of former liberation movements in Africa and examine the factors that contribute to the failure of the transformation process from armed resistance to conventional politics. The research is descriptive and analytical in nature, conducted using the qualitative research method. The findings show that former liberation movements in Africa failed as governments due to a variety of factors, the most important of which is elite resistance to democratisation, which led to the transition to dictatorship, the absence or weakness of political institutions due to the persistence of the liberation era's political culture, and the tinkering with the constitution and failure to put some of its key principles into effect. Furthermore, the study showed that anti-colonial revolutions in Africa only liberated the state, not the people. Finally, the paper ends with some recommendations i.e. several steps to be taken in order for African countries to overcome the dilemma of the liberation movement's democratic transition failur
A Qualitative Study Exploring the Social Adjustment in Foreign Students at Universitas Islam Riau after Supportive Group Therapy
Get PDFBackground:
There are 61 foreign students running undergraduate and master programs at Universitas Islam Riau. The problems that they commonly find are difficulties in following academic activities, difficulties in making new friends and adapt to other students. Based on observations made on foreign students from Pattani, Southern Thailand, they tend to be in groups and mingle with their fellow friends. In living their life as Pattani students at Universitas Islam Riau, they faced various problems. Common problems include academic pressure, financial problems, feelings of loneliness, interpersonal conflicts, difficulties facing change and problems developing personal autonomy.
Aims:
Providing Social Support To Pattani Students At Universitas Islam Riau.
Pattani Students Increase Bahasa Vocabulary
Pattani Students Establish Friendships With Students From Riau
Students Pattani Become More Confident Undergoing Lectures
Method (s):
The method to be used is social support therapy from Psychology students towards Pattani students. This therapy will consist of several sessions where each session has a slot that will contain activities that can provide Pattani students with social support. The therapy used is in the form of group counseling, eating together and exercising together.
Results:
The social support therapy that was carried out was very beneficial for Pattani students. They feel welcome and make new friends. From the activities carried out, foreign students become more open to new social and become more confident in building a social relationship.
Conclusion:
These results indicate that the problem can be solved to foreign students with appropriate care and a solution ongoing basis. One of them is needed policies from The Islamic Universities of Riau in dealing with international students