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Effects of Contextual Emotion on Word Recognition during Reading
No full text선행 연구는 감정이 어휘 처리 및 문장 읽기에 영향을 미친다는 점을 보고해 왔으나, 대부분 어휘 수준에서 감정의 영향을 살펴보았기 때문에 실제 읽기 상황에서 나타나는 감정이 읽기 정보처리에 어떤 영향을 주는가를 충분히 반영하지 못하였다. 본 연구는 선행 연구의 한계를 보완하고자 문맥에 나타난 감정이 중립적 목표 단어와 후속 단어에 미치는 영향을 문장 단위의 읽기 환경에서 탐색하였다. 실험 1에서는 자기조절읽기과제(self-paced reading task)를 사용하여 문맥에 나타난 감정(긍정, 부정, 중립)에 따른 목표 영역의 정보처리 시간 차이를 측정하였고, 실험 2에서는 안구운동추적(eye-tracking) 기법을 활용한 문장 읽기 과제를 수행하였다. 두 실험 모두에서 긍정 문맥 내 목표 단어 및 후속 단어 처리 시 억제 효과가 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 긍정 감정이 의미 확산을 촉진하여 감정적으로 중립적인 목표 자극의 처리를 억제하고 문장 단위에서의 의미 통합을 방해할 수 있음을 시사한다.FALSEkc
Recent advances in non-targeted analysis of consumer products
No full textConsumer products (CPs) encompass a wide range of items, including personal care products, household cleaners, and packaging materials, many of which contain complex and largely undisclosed chemical formulations. Identifying and characterizing these chemical constituents are essential for evaluating potential environmental and human health impacts. Traditional targeted analysis methods are limited to known compounds, necessitating the adoption of more comprehensive analytical strategies such as suspect screening and non-targeted analysis (NTA). This review examines recent advances in NTA methodologies for CP analysis, addressing the unique analytical challenges posed by matrix complexity and chemical diversity. We discuss sample preparation techniques ranging from simple dilute-and-shoot approaches to sophisticated extraction methods, emphasizing the need for matrix-specific optimization. Advanced separation technologies, particularly comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, have significantly improved analytical coverage and compound detectability. Despite substantial progress, challenges remain in balancing comprehensive chemical coverage with identification confidence, particularly given limited reference standards for many CP ingredients. Future developments in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and expanded spectral databases promise to enhance automated data processing and compound identification accuracy. NTA continues to mature as a powerful analytical strategy, offering unprecedented insights into CP chemical composition and supporting informed safety assessments. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.FALSEsciescopu
Adsorption of arsenic in groundwater in Cambodia using magnesium oxide
No full textThis study investigates the potential use of brucite precipitate (MP), produced by seawater electrolysis, as an inexpensive precursor for creating MgO adsorbents capable of efficiently immobilize arsenic in water. To optimize the physicochemical properties of the resulting MgO-based adsorbents, the brucite was thermally transformed at different calcination temperatures (400–800 °C, CMP-400, CMP-500, CMP-600, and CMP-800). The adsorption performance for both arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) was systematically evaluated. The 400°C calcined product (CMP-400) demonstrated excellent adsorption capacities (up to 523 mg/g for As(III) and 335 mg/g for As(V) determined using the Sips adsorption model), rapid kinetics, and steady removal efficiencies throughout a broad pH range (3–10), most likely as a result of the hydration of the MgO surface. Batch experiments under varying pH conditions, ionic strength, and coexisting ions suggested that inner-sphere surface complexation was the dominant adsorption pathway for both arsenic species. The practical application of CMP was proven by adsorption studies utilizing synthetic groundwater containing As(III) and As(V), with total arsenic concentrations below the US EPA standard (10 μg/L). These results demonstrate the possibility of repurposing industrial brucite waste into sustainable, high-performing adsorbents for arsenic remediation.MasterI. INTRODUCTION 1
II. LITERATURE REVIEW 4
2.1. Arsenic 4
2.2. Arsenic in water. 5
2.3. Removal of Arsenic in water 8
III. MATERIALS AND METHODS 15
3.1. Study region 15
3.2. Groundwater samples collection and preparation 15
3.3. Groundwater Sample preparation and analysis 16
3.4. Adsorption study 17
3.4.1 Preparation and MgO 17
3.4.2 Characterizations 19
3.4.3 Adsorption Experiment 19
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 22
4.1 Chemistry of Kandal Province Groundwater 22
4.2 Mineralogical characteristics of CMP 25
4.3 Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms 28
4.4 Mechanism of adsorption by the effects of pH, ionic strength, and competitive anions 33
4.5 Practical Applicability of CMP in Synthetic Groundwater 37
V. CONCLUSION 39
VI. FUTURE STUDY 40
REFERENCE 41
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4
Pole skipping in two-dimensional de Sitter spacetime and double-scaled SYK model
No full textWe develop the pole-skipping structure in de Sitter (dS) spacetime and find that their leading frequencies satisfy the relation omega dS = i2 pi TdS(1 - s), where TdS = 1/2 pi L and s denotes spin. In the two-dimensional dS spacetime, the pole-skipping points near the cosmic horizon r = L for the scalar field of spin 0 and the fermionic field of spin 12 correspond one to one with those in the classical limit as lambda -> 0 in doublescaled Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model when the temperature is infinite (DSSYK infinity). This provides a numerical correspondence between quantum gravity in the static patch of two-dimensional dS spacetime and a one-dimensional quantum system, which we consider as a realization of the DS/dS correspondence.TRUEsciescopu
Investigation into the Corrosion Mechanism of High-Voltage Cables in Eco-Friendly Vehicles
No full textThis study investigates corrosion mechanisms in high-voltage (HV) cable connectors used in eco-friendly vehicles, focusing on galvanic and stray current corrosion under realistic operating conditions. Severe oxidation and pitting were observed at the interface between aluminum connectors and copper ground terminals, which are coated with tin (Sn). Mechanical fretting and electrical stress accelerated Sn layer breakdown, exposing the aluminum substrate and forming a galvanic couple with copper. A series of combined corrosion tests were carried out under vibration, DC bias, moisture ingress, and their simultaneous action. SEM/EDS analyses confirmed significant fretting wear and Al2O3 formation, especially when mechanical and electrical loads acted together. Leakage current measurements showed that both AC and DC systems produced current densities within critical stray current corrosion thresholds, particularly during deceleration and braking. These results reveal a synergistic degradation mechanism involving vibration, electrolyte exposure, and electrical bias. To mitigate corrosion, structural enhancements such as vibration-resistant fastening and environmental sealing are proposed. Overall, the findings provide new insight into HV connector failure mechanisms and present practical design recommendations to enhance durability and reliability in electric mobility applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.FALSEscopuskc
Intratracheal Delivery of a Phospholamban Decoy Peptide Attenuates Cardiac Damage Following Myocardial Infarction
No full textHeart failure (HF) remains a major cause of mortality worldwide. While novel approaches, including gene and cell therapies, show promise, efficient delivery methods for such biologics to the heart are critically needed. One emerging strategy is lung-to-heart delivery using nanoparticle (NP)-encapsulated biologics. This study examines the efficiency of delivering a therapeutic peptide conjugated to a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) to the heart via the lung-to-heart route through intratracheal (IT) injection in mice. The CPP, a tandem repeat of NP2 (dNP2) derived from the human novel LZAP-binding protein (NLBP), facilitates intracellular delivery of the therapeutic payload. The therapeutic peptide, SE, is a decoy peptide designed to inhibit protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)-mediated dephosphorylation of phospholamban (PLN). Our results demonstrated that IT injection of dNP2-SE facilitated efficient delivery to the heart, with peak accumulation at 3 h post-injection. The administration of dNP2-SE significantly ameliorated morphological and functional deterioration of the heart under myocardial infarction. At the molecular level, dNP2-SE effectively prevented PLN dephosphorylation in the heart. Immunoprecipitation experiments further revealed that dNP2-SE binds strongly to PP1 and disrupts its interaction with PLN. Collectively, our findings suggest that lung-to-heart delivery of a CPP-conjugated therapeutic peptide, dNP2-SE, represents a promising approach for the treatment of HF. © 2025 by the authors.TRUEsciescopu
Advanced iridium catalysts on multi-porous tantalum oxide supports for efficient proton exchange membrane water electrolysis
No full textReducing the loading of precious metals such as Ir and Pt while maintaining the performance of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with highly active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is a significant challenge in the development of efficient proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). This study presents a highly active and cost-effective catalyst consisting of iridium supported on multi-porous tantalum oxide (M−Ta₂O₅), which integrates both macropores and mesopores. The iridium nanostructures supported on the M−Ta2O5 enhance the utilization of Ir and exhibit larger electrochemical surface areas. With a 30 wt% Ir loading, the Ir/M−Ta₂O₅ catalyst demonstrates an overpotential of 290.4 ± 3.5 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻2 and a mass activity of 730.5 ± 44.6 A gIr⁻1 at 1.55 VRHE. Consequently, Ir/M−Ta2O5 can be effectively utilized to fabricate MEA with an Ir loading of 0.2 mg cm−2 and Nafion® 115 membrane. At the single-cell level, this catalyst achieves a current density of 2.5 A cm⁻2 at 1.89 V, underscoring the potential of Ir/M−Ta2O5 as a highly efficient and cost-affordable OER catalyst. This work highlights the promise of Ir/M−Ta₂O₅ in reducing the reliance on precious metals, thereby contributing to the economic and environmental sustainability of PEMWEs. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCFALSEsciescopu
Fabrication of blue-emitting CH3NH3PbBr3 nanocrystals: Effects of dipole moment and oxygen functional groups in precipitation solvents on the crystal growth and optical properties of CH3NH3PbBr3 nanocrystals
No full textIn this study, blue-emitting CH3NH3PbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) were achieved by changing the precipitation solvent used in ligand-assisted re-precipitation (LARP) process from a non-polar to a polar solvent. As the dipole moment of precipitation solvent (Sol. B) with oxygen functional groups increased, the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs was blue-shifted and the crystal size decreased. The high dipole moment of Sol. B increased the interaction between the ligands and Sol. B, promoting the growth of CH3NH3PbBr3 bulk particles rather than CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs. This decreased the monomer concentration in the reaction vessel, thereby limiting the crystal growth of CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs. This study demonstrates that blue-emitting CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs can be achieved by controlling the interaction between the ligands and Sol. B through variations in the dipole moment of Sol. B, and that the presence of oxygen functional groups is essential for tuning the optical bandgap of CH3NH3PbBr3 NCs. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.FALSEsciescopu
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Peripheral HTR2A Antagonists for Colorectal Cancer
No full textColorectal cancer is a prevalent and prominent contributor to global cancer-related fatalities with challenges in drug resistance and metastasis. Recent research highlights the potential relationship between serotonin and cancer. 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A) mRNA expression in colorectal cancer cells was found to be notably elevated compared to that in normal colon cells. We therefore attempted to synthesize and evaluate HTR2A antagonists to find peripherally acting anticancer agents. Among them, 15f showed good in vitro activity (IC50: 42.79 nM). 15f revealed good liver microsomal stability, without significant CYP inhibition and limited blood-brain barrier penetration. 15f also exerted selective cytotoxic effects against various colorectal cancer cells but not normal cells. 15f induced sub-G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via the activation of p53/p21/caspase 3 signaling. In vivo treatment with 15f led to a marked delay in tumor growth in a colorectal cancer model in a dose-dependent manner.FALSEsciescopu