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A Study on the Transformation of Biblical Motifs and the Layered Meanings of Confessionin Yi Sang’s “A Poem Like This”
No full text이 글은 이상의 국문시 데뷔작인 ｢이런詩｣에 나타난 성경 모티프의 변용 양상과 고백의 중층적 의미를 분석하고 있다. ｢이런詩｣는 성경의 “건축자들의 버린 돌이 모퉁이의 머릿돌이 되었느니라”라는 구절에서 예수의 수난을 비유하는 “건축자들의 버린 돌” 부분만을 중심으로 재구성함으로써 부활을 강조하는 전통적 해석과는 다른 방향을 취하고 있다. 작품 중반에 등장하는 “엇던돌”은 신앙 공동체를 상징하며, 시적 화자는 신앙 공동체의 외부자로서 ‘돌-예수’와 신앙적 결합이 불가능한 상태에서도 일방적이고 자기 완결적인 사랑을 고백한다. 이 작품에서 이상은 예수를 신념을 위해 죽음을 감수한 윤리적 존재로 인식하고 있으며, 그에 대한 사랑 고백에 시적 신념을 지키며 시인으로서 살아가겠다는 의지를 중첩시키고 있다. ｢이런詩｣는 예수와 시에 대한 이상의 진실한 사랑 고백을 담고 있으며, 신앙인과 문단 내부 인사의 시선을 의식한 부끄러움으로 인해 고백을 후회하는 심리마저 시의 일부로 포함시키고 있다. 이러한 메타적 인식과 반성적 성찰은 고백에 필수적인 과정이며, 시 속에 시를 삽입하는 미장아빔 구조를 통해 형식화되어 있다.FALSEkc
Monodefluorinative Halogenation of Perfluoroalkyl Ketones via Organophosphorus-Mediated Selective C-F Activation
Full text linkThrough the prosperity of organofluorine chemistry in modern organic synthesis, perfluorinated organic compounds are now abundant and widely available. Consequently, these substances become attractive starting materials for the production of complex, multifunctional fluorinated molecules. However, the inherent challenges associated with the activation and discrimination of the C-F bonds typically lead to overdefluorination as well as functional group incompatibility. To address these problems, our group utilized a rationally designed organophosphorus reagent that promoted mild and selective manipulation of a single C-F bond in trifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl ketones via an interrupted Perkow-type reaction, which allowed the replacement of fluorine with more labile and synthetically versatile congeners such as chlorine, bromine, and iodine. The resulting α-haloperfluoroketones have two reactive units with orthogonal properties that would be suitable for the subsequent structural diversification. DFT calculations identified the favorable P-F interaction as the crucial factor from both thermodynamic and kinetic viewpoints. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.TRUEscopu
Real-Time Feedback Application for Musical Pitch Training in Deaf Individuals Using Knowledge of Results
No full textPeople who are deaf have difficulty singing due to pitch recognition issues, even when using hearing aids or cochlear implants. This study addresses this issue by developing an interactive training application that provides real-time visual feedback, including Knowledge of Results (KR)—external feedback indicating whether the sung pitch matches the intended note. When a user produces a sound, the application detects its pitch using RAPT (Robust Algorithm for Pitch Tracking) and displays the corresponding musical note. A real-time pitch slider allows users to monitor and adjust their pitch relative to the target note. This dual-feedback mechanism enables users to actively regulate their vocal output during practice. The system was tested in four singing training sessions with ten participants who are deaf. As a result, the participants were able to successfully sing “Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.” The training enabled them to improve pitch and volume control and to develop a foundational understanding of basic singing techniques. This application demonstrates the potential to provide effective singing training for people who are deaf who have traditionally been excluded from music education. By supporting self-regulated learning through visual and interactive feedback, the system offers a meaningful educational tool to promote inclusivity in music learning for the deaf community.TRUEsciescopu
손 영역과 3D 모델의 일치성을 활용한 3D 손 재구성의 비지도 도메인 적응기법
No full textRecent studies have explored the use of hand-object interaction videos to develop human-like skills for robots. Estimating hand pose and reconstructing the hand mesh is crucial for transferring human motion to robot motion in hand-object interaction videos. However, acquiring hand pose and hand mesh annotations is challenging, which often limits data collection to virtual or controlled laboratory environments. In this study, we propose a source-free domain adaptation method based on pseudo-labeling for hand mesh reconstruction using mask-mesh consistency. First, we construct a hand mesh reconstruction model with two separate heads: a segmentation head and a mesh head. Additionally, we assess the consistency between predictions from the two heads (segmentation masks and reconstructed meshes) to create reliable pseudo labels during adaptation to the target domain. These pseudo labels are then utilized to fine-tune the model for adaptation to the target domain. After applying our approach to the target domain, the model’s performance improves by 5% across all metrics for hand mesh reconstruction. © ICROS 2025.FALSEscopuskc
Statistical Optimization of Alkaline-Activated Carbonation of Coal Fly Ash for CO2 Sequestration and Heavy Metal Stabilization
No full textThis study evaluates process parameters to enhance carbonation efficiency in the direct gas–solid carbon mineralization of coal fly ash (CFA). The effects of NaOH concentration and carbonation temperature were analyzed using regression analysis and response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) comprising nine experimental runs. NaOH concentration has a stronger effect (83.55%) than temperature, and optimal carbonation efficiency (>40%) was achieved with NaOH concentrations above 1.91 M and temperatures above 92.2 °C. Heavy metal leaching from raw and carbonated CFA was also assessed. Carbonation under alkaline conditions formed a carbonate layer containing calcite (CaCO3) and gaylussite (Na2Ca(CO3)2·5H2O), which immobilized heavy metals through sorption and coprecipitation, thereby reducing the leachability and enhancing the long-term chemical stability of the material. This study offers critical insights into optimizing carbon mineralization for simultaneous CO2 sequestration and heavy metal stabilization.FALSEforeig
Effects of attention-demanding task-based technique on reorientation in virtual reality
No full textReorientation techniques in virtual reality (VR) enable users to explore virtual spaces that are larger than the physical spaces within limited physical spaces. Increasing the rotation gain, which alters the user's orientation between physical and virtual spaces, enables users to navigate a larger virtual space. However, as a significant rotation gain may disrupt the user's sense of presence and cause discomfort, it is used at limited values. To address this issue, we propose an attention-demanding task-based reorientation technique that leverages the human perceptual phenomenon of inattentional blindness. We design attention-demanding tasks that require users to focus on specific types of attention (visual, mental, and physical) and verify that tasks are effective in demanding the intended attention type. In addition, we measure the user noticeability, presence, and VR sickness. The results show that users are less likely to notice reorientation during attention-demanding tasks than during tasks without specific attentional demands, which also avoids undesired effects such as presence degradation and increased VR sickness. Our findings suggest VR content design guidelines for seamlessly integrating reorientation techniques into VR interactive scenarios, thereby increasing the opportunities for reorienting users in virtual environments. © 2025FALSEsciessciscopu
Programmable Cyclic Peptide-PEG Nanoarchitectures: Concentration-Controlled Antifreeze Materials
No full textInspired by natural antifreeze proteins (AFPs) that enable subzero survival through specific ice surface binding, we developed biomimetic cyclic peptide-PEG (CP-PEG) conjugates incorporating ice-binding residues (threonine, valine, serine). Our system exhibits concentration-dependent self-assembly: forming one-dimensional nanotube networks above the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and two-dimensional nanosheets near CAC. β-sheet formation was confirmed via fluorescence spectroscopy, FTIR, and circular dichroism (CD). Threonine-functionalized nanotubes demonstrated superior ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), ice nucleation inhibition (INI), and distinctive dynamic ice shaping (DIS) behavior. Surface analysis using AFM, TEM, and WAXS revealed precise supramolecular architectures mimicking natural AFP structures. This programmable platform offers crucial insights for developing optimized cryopreservatives for biological preservation applications
Quantitative microbial risk assessment of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in orchard soils across South Korea
No full textAntibiotic resistance is a global health crisis, but environmental pathways of resistance dissemination to farm workers remain poorly understood. Agricultural soils represent critical but underexplored reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), particularly in orchards where antibiotics such as streptomycin and oxytetracycline are widely used for fire blight control. Here, we conducted a nationwide investigation of orchard soils in South Korea, integrating high-throughput qPCR, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). We detected 297 ARGs and 52 MGEs, with eight core genes [aac(3)-VIa, tetL, aadE, sul1, qacH_351, tnpA-1, IS6100, and intI1] significantly enriched in orchard soils but absent in non-orchard soils, such as national parks or mountain soils. Aminoglycoside- and tetracycline-resistance genes were dominant, directly reflecting the application of streptomycin and oxytetracycline. QMRA estimated that orchard farmers ingest resistance genes through soil contact, with aac(3)-VIa posing the highest risk (similar to 29 ingestion events per farmer annually), followed by qacH_351, tetL, and tnpA-1. These results demonstrate the quantifiable occupational risks of ARG exposure in orchard environments. By combining resistome profiling, microbial networks, and QMRA, this study establishes a framework for assessing the public health implications. Although the ingestion of ARGs may not immediately cause impacts on human health, such exposure has the potential to enrich antibiotic resistance within the gut microbiome of farm workers, thereby increasing the probability of treatment complications if infections occur. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance is widely recognized as one of the most concerning threats to public health, yet the pathways through which resistance emerges and spreads remain underexplored. Orchard soils, where antibiotics are sprayed to control plant diseases, represent an overlooked environment where resistance may develop and circulate to people who work the land. By examining soils from orchards at a nationwide scale, we found resistance genes that mirror the antibiotics used in these settings and showed that farm workers are regularly exposed to them through routine contact with soil. This study provides the direct evidence that orchard farming can contribute to human exposure to resistance, heralding the need to include agricultural environments in efforts to prevent the spread of resistance. Our work offers a way to measure these risks and can guide protective strategies for workers and communities.TRUEsciescopu
The role of TonEBP on the regulation of microtubule dynamics and ciliogenesis.
No full textABSTRACT
Microtubules are fundamental components of the cytoskeleton essential for maintaining cellular architecture, facilitating intracellular transport, and enabling cell division. Additionally, microtubules are the core structural components of primary cilia, which are slender, microtubule-based organelles that extend from the cell surface. Primary cilia act as essential sensory antennae, detecting and transducing extracellular signals that regulate a myriad of cellular processes, including development, differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. TonEBP is a transcription factor canonically associated with cellular response to hypertonic stress, during which microtubule cytoskeleton and primary cilia play contributing roles to this adaptation. However, a direct link among TonEBP, microtubule cytoskeleton and primary cilia is unclear. This study introduces a novel role of TonEBP as a regulator of microtubule dynamics and ciliogenesis. Initial findings reveal that TonEBP is enriched at the centrosome – the main microtubule organizing center. Interestingly, the stability of TonEBP is dependent on intact microtubule network, disruption of which causes rapid degradation of TonEBP. This has shown to be necessary for efficient microtubule regrowth, as presence of TonEBP inhibits microtubule nucleation at the centrosome. Moreover, TonEBP is a negative regulator of ciliogenesis. Depletion of TonEBP facilitates the formation of primary cilia, whereas its overexpression results in fewer ciliated cells. Furthermore, TonEBP modulates the expression and activity of aurora kinase A, a key negative regulator of ciliogenesis. Finally, TonEBP regulates the integrity of centriolar satellites, which are essential for primary cilia formation. Collectively, this dissertation proposes previously uncharacterized regulation of TonEBP on microtubule dynamics and ciliogenesis, revealing a novel physiological function of TonEBP.Docto
Quantum Consensus Algorithms: A Brief Survey and Characterization
No full textThis paper presents a control-theoretic survey of four representative quantum consensus algorithms, with a focus on their convergence properties and implementation feasibility. The selected algorithms - ranging from gossip-based method to measurement-based feedback method and geometric control methods - exhibit fundamentally different convergence targets, including symmetric state consensus and directional alignment of Bloch vectors. Each approach is analyzed in terms of its dynamical structure, physical requirements, and control complexity. To show their performance, numerical simulations are conducted on a 3-qubit network under a fully connected topology. The results imply the trade-offs between convergence strength, coherence preservation, and practical implementability, offering insights for the design of distributed control protocols in quantum networks. © 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license