eKhSACIR інституційному репозитарії Харківської державної академії культури
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Mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction promotes in vitro morphogenesis in plant tissues
No full textInternational audienc
The Zea French Biological Resource Centre: conservation and utilization of maize genetic resources in France
No full textNational audienceMaize genetic resources are organized in France through the French maize genetic resources network. It includes public (INRA) and private actors (ProMaïs association). Maize Genetic resources include 1600 open pollinated populations and 4600 inbred lines. Their management is run by the Zea BRC (Biological Resource Center) shared between the UMR AGAP (populations) and the maize Experimental Unit of Saint Martin de Hinx (inbred lines). At national level, the Zea BRC is included in the French network RARe (Infrastructure Ressources Agronomiques pour la Recherche) and in the Plant network ARCAD. The basic activities of the Zea BRC are conservation, distribution and multiplication of populations and inbred lines. Genetic resources are distributed following international rules either with the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, the Nagoya Protocol or private rules (depending on the accession status). Information on genetic resources is available in the national database (Siregal) and a national portal (Florilège). Information on the traditional cultivation and use practices of populations can also be found on the Promaïs website. A large fraction of these genetic resources have been characterized for their genotypic diversity and phenotypic variation by the CRB and partner research labs. Genotyping of populations and first cycle inbred lines revealed new features regarding the introduction and spread of maize in Europe, as well as local geographical trends (Brandenbourg et al., 2017, Nicolas et al., Diaw et al., this meeting). Broad or heterotic group specific panels of inbred lines have been defined within CornFed, DROPS and Amaizing projects to conduct Genome Wide association mapping revealing key loci for flowering time, heat and drought tolerance (Millet et al., 2016, Bouchet et al., 2017, Gouesnard et al., Blein-Nicolas et al., this meeting). These valuable resources allowed the development of multi-parental populations and introgression libraries to further dissect the genetic mechanisms of adaptation traits. Discussions have been started at European level, to build a European Zea network to reinforce the means in conservation ant utilization of European maize genetic resources. The network would also permit a better sharing of taskforces and means in Europe and avoid gaps and losses in temperate genetic resources in Europe
Lipid oxidation in oil-in-water rmulsions rich in omega-3: Effect of aqueous phase viscosity, Emulsifiers, and antioxidants
No full textInternational audiencePhenolic compounds offer a solution to limit oxidation and bacterial growth in food products. This study aims to better understand the impact of compositional and structural parameters of o/w emulsions on oxidative stability in several realistic models, composed of fish oil, an aqueous phase supplemented or not with guar gum, and whey proteins or Tween 80 as emulsifiers. Some systems include phenolic antioxidants, alone or in mixture (alpha-tocopherol, eugenol, ferulic acid). The presence of guar gum slightly delays oxidation by limiting oxygen transfer from the headspace to the emulsion and within the different compartments of the emulsion. Moreover, oxidation is lower in emulsions formulated with whey proteins, due to their potent interference with oxidation reactions. Ferulic acid shows no antioxidant activity. Eugenol and alpha-tocopherol are efficient in emulsions formulated with whey proteins due to their localization in the reactional system and therefore their proximity to oxidation sites. Practical Applications: These results can find practical applications in protecting essential omega-3 fatty acids with natural phenolic antioxidants in food emulsions. They would also contribute to limit the use of additives in food by promoting synergistic actions of phenolic compounds with complementary antioxidant mechanisms. At least, they could offer a sustainable valorization of by-products from agro-industry by producing ingredients rich in phenolic compounds, not only having antioxidant properties but also antibacterial effects. The nature and partition of emulsifier (whey proteins, Tween 80), thickener (guar gum), and antioxidant (ferulic acid, alpha-tocopherol and/or eugenol) play a major role in the oxidation kinetics of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in o/w emulsions
Improved cattle growth by methionine-balanced diets does not result from lower protein degradation
No full textInternational audienc
Estimations régionalisées de coûts spécifiques du blé au niveau européen basées sur les quantiles conditionnels
No full textCe travail de l'auteur a été effectué lors de la préparation de sa thèse (Desbois, 2015), co-dirigée par Y. Surry et J.-C. Bureau, qui a bénéficiée du support du projet Farm Accountancy Cost Estimation and Policy Analysis of European du 7e Programme-cadre de la Communauté européenne (FP7/2007-2013, agrément n° 212292). Cette mention n'implique pas l' approbation des personnes et organismes cités, l'auteur assumant l'entière responsabilité du texte.National audienceNous présentons des estimations régionales de marges brutes pour le blé, basées sur des estimations quantiles conditionnelles de coûts spécifiques de production. Pour l’élaboration et l’évaluation des politiques publiques, il est stratégique de générer non seulement les estimations centrales de la distribution du paramètre d'intérêt mais également les quantiles inférieurs ou supérieurs afin de sélectionner des seuils de régulation appropriés. Prenant en compte l’hétérogénéité individuelle des comportements et l'asymétrie des charges spécifiques, susceptibles d'invalider les estimations en moyenne conditionnelle, la première partie introduit les méthodologies d'estimation en quantiles conditionnels, d'analyse multidimensionnelle des profils de distribution estimés, et d'imputation des estimations incomplètes. La seconde partie présente l’application de ces méthodologies à l’estimation des coûts spécifiques et des marges brutes qui en dérivent pour les régions de douze Etats-Membres de l’Union européenne sur la base du Réseau d’information comptable agricole en 2006
Animal modelling meets identifiability: a practioner perspective
No full textNational audienceWhat is a good (useful) mathematical model in animal science? For models constructed for prediction purposes, the question of model adequacy (usefulness) has been traditionally tackled by statistical analysis applied to observed experimental data relative to model-predicted variables. However, little attention has been paid to analytic tools that exploit the mathematical properties of the model equations. For example, in the context of model calibration, before attempting a numerical estimation of the model parameters, we might want to know if we have any chance of success in estimating a unique best value of the model parameters from available measurements. This question of uniqueness is referred to as structural identifiability; a mathematical property that is defined on the sole basis of the model structure within a hypothetical ideal experiment determined by a setting of model inputs (stimuli) and observable variables (measurements). Structural identifiability analysis applied to dynamic models described by ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is a common practice in control engineering and system identification. This analysis demands mathematical technicalities that are beyond the academic background of animal science, which might explain the lack of pervasiveness of identifiability analysis in animal science modelling. To fill this gap, in this work we address the analysis of structural identifiability from a practitioner perspective by capitalizing on the use of dedicated software tools. Our objectives are (i) to provide a comprehensive explanation of the structural identifiability notion for the community of animal science modelling, (ii) to assess the relevance of identifiability analysis in animal science modelling and (iii) to motivate the community to use identifiability analysis in the modelling practice (when the identifiability question is relevant). We focus our study on ODE models. By using illustrative examples that include published mathematical models describing lactation in cattle, we show how structural identifiability analysis can contribute to advancing mathematical modelling in animal science towards the production of useful models and, moreover, highly informative experiments via optimal experiment design. Rather than attempting to impose a systematic identifiability analysis to the modelling community during model developments, we wish to open a window towards the discovery of a powerful tool for model construction and experiment design
Validation of candidate causative variants on milk composition and cheese-making properties in Montbéliarde cows
No full textInternational audienc
Aged endometrium displays perturbations of inflammation-related molecular pathways compared with fertile endometrium in the bovine species
No full textInternational audienc
Une démarche générique pour le développement d’outils d’analyse et de prédiction des dynamiques épidémiques à partir des données des réseaux d’épidémiosurveillance des cultures
No full textSession: outils d'aide à la décisionInternational audienc