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Sustainable Conservation Through the Interrelations Between Rural Architecture and Life: The Case of Çomakdağ
No full textPurposeThe paper aims to propose a new approach to the sustainable conservation of rural heritage with the aim of understanding the relations between built environment and society. In the document "Concerning Rural Landscapes as Heritage" by ICOMOS-IFLA, it is argued that there is an interaction between daily life practices and the physical environment for production and cultural activities (ICOMOS, 2017). The main objective of the study is to underline the importance and necessity for this interaction continue for the sustainable conservation of rural areas.Design/methodology/approachThis paper investigates the relationship between the built environment and daily practices in Turkey's & Ccedil;omakdag Region, known for its significant rural architecture and enduring traditions. Through on-site investigation, the study explores the evolution of these relationships across various scales, including buildings, settlements and the region itself. This multi-scale approach aims to identify remaining cultural values and user needs.FindingsTraditional ways of life have undergone a transformation, impacting the interactions between inhabitants and their natural, agricultural and architectural spaces. The primary drivers of these changes are shifts in income sources, technological advancements and infrastructural developments within the settlements. While maintaining a connection between the built environment and daily life practices remains essential, contemporary living conditions and altered routines present challenges to this continuity.Originality/valueThis study builds on previous research on the & Ccedil;omakdag Region. Batur (2010) explored the region's architectural features, including colors and ornamentation. Kurtulus and G & uuml;& ccedil;han (2020) focused on Kizilaga & ccedil; village, examining typical house characteristics. This research offers a new perspective on rural heritage preservation. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining the interrelationship between daily life and the built environment across various scales for sustainable conservation
Engineering Novel Features for Diabetes Complication Prediction Using Synthetic Electronic Health Records (Vol 16, 1451290, 2025)
No full textOptimization of High Efficiency Blue Emissive N-, S-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots
No full textSahin Tiras, Kevser/0000-0003-3705-8380; Soheyli, Ehsan/0000-0002-1403-7934; Mutlugun, Evren/0000-0003-3715-5594Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with bright emission at short wavelengths have attracted much attention due to their importance in various applications such as light-emitting diodes. During or after synthesis, several parameters can significantly improve the optical properties of GQDs. This study presents a facile solvothermal method with low-cost precursors using glutamic acid as the carbon source to realize blue emitting GQDs. The positive effects of urea and 1-octanethiol as nitrogen and sulfur dopants on the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the prepared GQDs were demonstrated and optimized. The results confirmed the formation of 2.2 nm nanoparticles with a bright emission around 381 nm with a full width at half maximum of 58 nm and a PLQY approaching 70 %. The decay lifetime of the emission also showed a tri-exponential profile with an average lifetime of 2.4 ns. The simplicity of the preparation method without any post-treatment process, together with a high PLQY of 70 % at short wavelengths, nominates the prepared GQDs for optoelectronics and UV light-driven biological purposes.TUBITAK [20AG026]The authors would like to acknowledge TUBITAK, Project 20AG026
Köprü Ayakları Etrafındaki Su Yüzeyinin Sayısal ve Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi
No full textKöprü ayakları etrafındaki serbest yüzeyli akım, açık kanal hidroliğinin en önemli problemlerinden biridir. Köprünün yapısal tasarımı, köprü ayakları etrafında oluşacak oyulma ve köprü ayakları etrafındaki su hareketini simüle eden hidrolik tasarım ile birlikte doğru bir şekilde yapılmalıdır. Köprü ayaklarının hidrolik tasarımı yeterince iyi değilse, sel ve taşkın gibi durumlarda çok ciddi hasarlara neden olabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı köprü ayaklarının su yüzeyine etkisini deneysel ve sayısal olarak analiz etmektir. Sayısal analiz için hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği ile 3 boyutlu çözüm yapan FLOW-3D paket programı ile HEC-RAS paket programı kullanılmış ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmada farklı köprü açıklık sayıları için aynı hızda akışlar incelenmiş ve deneysel sonuçlarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca sonlu hacimler yöntemi ile çözüm yapan FLOW 3D paket programında farklı mesh boyutları ile çözüm yapılarak deneysel sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak FLOW-3D paket programı ile gerçekleştirilen çözümlerin deneysel veriler ile oldukça yakın sonuçlar gösterdiği gözlemlenmiştir
Irreversible Changes in Amorphous C3n4 Under Pressure: Loss of Chemical Order and Graphite-Like Character
No full textThe high-pressure behavior of triazine-based amorphous C3N4, initially exhibiting a chemically ordered, graphite-like structure, was investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Our study reveals a pressure-induced transition to a high-density amorphous (HDA) phase characterized by increased coordination number for carbon (3.88) and nitrogen (2.93) atoms. This transition occurs gradually over a broad pressure range, initiated by the breakdown of chemical ordering and the formation of homopolar C-C and N-N bonds, which persist in both the HDA and recovered phases. The recovered phase retains elevated coordination numbers (C: 3.25, N: 2.46) but loses its initial graphite-like topology, evolving into a three-dimensional network structure. Electronic structure analysis reveals semiconducting behavior in the HDA phase and n-type semiconductor characteristics in the recovered phase.Abdullah Guel Universitesini Destekleme VakfiThis work was supported by Abdullah Guel Universitesini Destekleme Vakfi
The Comparison of Fragility Curves of Moment-Resisting and Braced Frames Used in Steel Structures Under Varying Wind Load
No full textIn this study, the performance of two different steel structure types (moment-resisting frame and braced frame) under wind loading was compared by addressing the fragility curves of these structure types. To perform this comparison, the dimensions of the members of these structural systems were first determined. Then, nonlinear static pushover analyses were conducted to assess the performance levels of each frame type. After applying these analyses, time-history analyses were performed with 100 different wind loads for each varying equivalent mean wind speed. Afterwards, the probability of exceeding the predetermined structural performance limits of the structure types was determined using Monte Carlo simulation method. Finally, the results of the simulation method were used to adapt the maximum likelihood estimation method to obtain the fragility curves of the structures. To conclude, it has been revealed that the material cost of the structure doubles when diagonal elements are used, but the wind speed required for a 100% collapse probability to occur in the braced frame is twice as high compared to the moment-resisting frame
Multifaceted Effects of the Dielectric Component Within Plasmon-Assisted Light-Emitting Structures
No full textPlasmon-enhanced photoluminescence of molecular probes and semiconductor nanocrystals is a rapidly developing field that promises enhanced sensitivity in chemical and biomedical analyses, as well as higher efficiency of light-emitting devices and single-photon sources. The dielectric component, or spacer, is typically used to control the distance between the emitter and the plasmonic nanoparticle in order to decrease undesirable nonradiative energy transfer to the metal and achieve high enhancement efficiency. While most research focuses on the shape and organization of the plasmonic nanoparticles, less attention is given to the role of the dielectric component in plasmon-enhancing structures. Meanwhile, the dielectric shell or environment critically modulates near-field enhancement, far-field scattering, charge and energy exchange between the emitter and the plasmonic structure, and the general environmental stability of the structure. In this review, we discuss all mentioned topics and therefore consider both the optical and chemical influence of the widely used spacers and dielectric layers on plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence efficiency. Investigating the role of individual components in plasmon-assisted light-emitting structures is critical for optimizing device performance and for advancing the integration of plasmonic architectures in optoelectronic and sensing applications. This review challenges the passive interpretation of dielectrics, revealing them as one of the key players in plasmonic structures, mediating field enhancement, emission dynamics, and chemical stability simultaneously. © 2025 American Chemical Societ
Aljinat-Jelatin Kompozitlerin Mezenkimal Kök Hücreleri Üzerindeki Proliferatif Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
No full textİki boyutlu (2D) kültür üzerinde yapılan geleneksel çalışmalar, hücre göçü, çözünür faktör gradyanı ve hücre-matris etkileşimleri dahil olmak üzere in vivo ortamın fizyolojik ve patofizyolojik özelliklerini yakından yansıttmaz. 3-boyutlu (3D) hücre kültürü, hücre göçünü teşvik etmek, biyomateryal sertligini degiştirmek veya hücre-matris etkileşimlerine izin vermek için aljinat hidrojelleri gibi 3D biyomateryalleri kullanarak bu dezavantajların üstesinden gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, mezenkimal kok hücre canlılığını ve farklılaşma potansiyelini destekleyen doku mühendisliği tekniklerine olan ihtiyacı karşılamak için aljinat-jelatin kompozitleri içeren yeni bir 3-boyutlu platformun önerilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlk bölümde farklı hidrojel bazlı biyomateryallerin absorbans spektrumları görünür ışık kullanılarak incelenmiştir. En iyi performansı gösteren hidrojeli bulduktan sonra çalışma, XTT canlılık testi ve canlı/ölü sitotoksisite testi kullanılarak hücre çoğalmasına odaklanılmıştır. Hücre canlılığı aljinat-jelatin, aljinat ve selüloz gibi iskelelerle karşılaştırıldığında, aljinat-jelatin hidrojelin mezenkimal kök hücrelerinin canlılığını arttırdığı tespit edildi. Bu artış, 2D kültürde büyütülen hücrelerle karşılaştırıldığında da aynı şekilde gözlendi. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, literatürdeki diğer çalışmaların verileriyle tutarlıdır. Bu nedenle, aljinat-jelatin kompozitleri doku mühendisliğinde hücre proliferasyonunu iyileştirmek için umut verici bir aday olabilir
Identifying Potential Taxonomic Biomarkers for Gastrointestinal Cancers From Human Microbiota Using the Grouping-Scoring-Modeling (G-S-M) and Traditional Feature Selection Approaches
No full textMikrobiyal bolluk değerlerinin analizi, kanser tahmini için bir potansiyel taşır. Bu çalışma, daha önce paralel olarak incelenmemiş bir alan olan hem doku hem de kan örnekleri kullanarak gastrointestinal (GI) kanser hastaları arasında paylaşılan mikrobiyal biyobelirteçleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, baş ve boyun, yemek borusu, mide, kolon ve kolorektal kanserlere odaklanarak kan ve doku örneklerini analiz etti. Dekontaminasyon adımları gerçekleştirilerek, insan olmayan genetik kodlar işlenerek, tür düzeyinde mikroorganizmalar ve bollukları belirlenerek, kanser hastalarından doku ve kan örnekleri toplayan 'Kanser Genom Atlası'ndan TCMA veri seti oluşturuldu. Geleneksel özellik seçimi algoritmaları (CMIM, mRMR, FCBF, IG, XGB ve SKB) yüksek boyutlu özellik alanını daralttı. Sınıflandırma performansı, 100-kat Monte Carlo çapraz doğrulaması olan bir Random Forest kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Ayrıca, gruplama yöntemi ile özellik boyutunu ve tahmin süresini azaltmak için oluşturulan MicrobiomeGSM modeli, hem kan hem de dokudan türetilen örnekler kullanılarak eğitildi ve MicrobiomeGSM modelinin genelleştirilebilirliği sergilendi. Geleneksel özellik seçimi yöntemleri ve biyolojik veri tabanlı MicrobiomeGSM modellerinin performansları karşılaştırıldı. Gelecekte, ortak biyobelirteç adayları doktorların metastaz olasılığını anlamasına yardımcı olabilir ve tedavi yollarına buna göre karar verilebilir.Analysis of microbial abundance values holds potential for cancer prediction. This study aims to identify shared microbial biomarkers among gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients using both tissue and blood samples—an area not previously studied in parallel. This study analyzed blood and tissue samples, focusing on head and neck, esophagus, stomach, colon, and colorectal cancers, processing them individually. By performing decontamination steps, processing non-human genetic codes, determining microorganisms and their abundances at the species level, the TCMA data set was created from the 'Cancer Genome Atlas', which collected tissue and blood samples from cancer patients. Traditional feature selection algorithms (CMIM, mRMR, FCBF, IG, XGB, and SKB) reduced the high-dimensional feature space. Classification performance was evaluated using a forest classifier with 100-fold Monte Carlo cross-validation. Moreover, the MicrobiomeGSM model, which was created to decrease the feature size and prediction time via a grouping method, was trained, and the generalizability of the MicrobiomeGSM model was showcased. Traditional feature selection methods and the biological data-based MicrobiomeGSM model were applied, and their performance was compared. In the future, common biomarker candidates may help to understand the possibility of metastasis, and medical doctors can decide their treatment path of patients
Therapeutic Potential of Nitrogen-Substituted Oleanolic Acid Derivatives in Neuroinflammatory and Cytokine Pathways: Insights From Cell-Based and Computational Models
No full textSen, Alaattin/0000-0002-8444-376XThis study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of the potential and anti-inflammatory properties of nitrogen-substituted oleanolic acid derivatives that can be used to treat neuroinflammatory diseases. Nitrogen-containing oleanolic acid derivatives have been evaluated for their anti-neuroinflammatory effects in vitro in neuronal and monocytic cell lines at nontoxic doses, and the production of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-17), the inflammatory enzyme induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NF-kappa B signalling under LPS-stimulated conditions, and the expression of genes associated with Alzheimer's disease have been assessed. In addition, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation assessments are conducted in silico. Key protein markers of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease and neuroinflammation, TAU protein levels, and microglial activation, as well as ionised calcium-binding adaptor protein-1 (IBA1) levels, were significantly reduced with the addition of oleanolic acid derivatives. LPS-induced NF-kappa B luciferase reporter activity and iNOS activity were significantly inhibited, approaching the levels in uninduced controls. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines critical for neuroinflammation, such as TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, IL-6 and IL-17, was reduced twofold to sevenfold. Furthermore, the molecular docking and MD simulation analyses revealed potential interactions with the TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B proteins. These findings underscore the potential of oleanolic acid derivatives, particularly compound 16, as candidates for further development as therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases associated with chronic inflammation.Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination [2023Idot;AP002]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Trkiye [119Z389]This work was supported by Pamukkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination [2023 & Idot;AP002] and The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye [119Z389]