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Effects Of Electronic Procurement On Supply Chain Performance In Food Manufacturing Firms In Nairobi County, Kenya
No full textThrough digitizing of information and data, and opportunities that are provided by the internet, it creates a foundation to rationalize and improve efficiency in the processes of administration of the organization. Based on the character of product and service, e- procurement may not suit all goods where there is need for a very strong association between the buyer and the supplier. This established the effects of e-procurement on supply chain (SC) performance in food manufacturing firms in Nairobi City County. The study specifically sought to determine the effect of tendering, e-invoicing and e-payment on SC performance in food manufacturing firms. The methodology guiding the study constituted descriptive research design; the target population was selected 78 staff from the food manufacturing firms. The sampling design was census. The data collection techniques involved questionnaires while data was analyzed quantitatively aided by SPSS software. The presentations of findings involved use of frequency distribution tables and graphs. The study found that e-tendering significantly and positively related with SC performance in food manufacturing firms; e-invoicing significantly and positively related with SC performance in food manufacturing firms; and e-procurement significantly and positively related with SC performance in food manufacturing firms. The study recommends management of the food manufacturing companies should ensure that the technological architecture used in electronic procurement is compatible; management of the firms should have financially viable e-invoicing solution through creation of critical mass through alliance partners an providers of technology to add the necessary desirables of e-invoicing adding necessary invoicing; Also, management of the firms should integrate e-payment in their business transactions
Effect Of Credit Risk Management On The Financial Performance Of Housing Cooperative Societies In Kenya A Case Study Of Nairobi
No full textAccording to an essay in the UK, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya Economic Essays, the Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are considered to play an integral part in a Country’s economy especially in the Third World Countries where poverty is prevalent. It is for this importance and contribution of the SMEs to achieve macroeconomic goals of the country that has attracted the attention of scholars in the field of study (Shelley, 2006). However, there are challenges facing the growth and future sustainability of the SMEs including poor management and financial constraints (Banerjee, 2014). It is for this financial challenges that has led to a massive sprung up of the Savings and Credit Cooperatives (SACCOs) as an alternative source of financing to the SMEs which could not get the same financial services from the Commercial Banks. Sacco have been both deposit taking and loan disbursement machinery to the SMEs and other individuals that are interested. Although Sacco may have eliminated the financial challenges faced by business owners through provision of loans for business expansion or asset financing, the other challenges such as poor management of the SMEs still remains. Poor management led to closure of so many businesses which consequently has a negative impact on the Sacco where the business owner has acquired a loan. The default rate of loan repayment then becomes another problem of the Sacco. It is for this reason that this study focused on the debt management of Saccos and how they affect their financial performances. This research study therefore concentrated on the effects of credit policy management on the financial performance of Housing Cooperatives in Kenya
The “New York City Marathon”: participation and performance trends of 1.2M runners during half-century
No full textThe aim of the present study was to examine trends in participation, performance, age and nationality during a ~ 50-years period in the largest dataset ever studied in the “New York City Marathon”. We analyzed 1,174,331 finishers (women, n= 349,145, age 39.7 ± 8.7 years; men, n= 825,186, 41.7 ± 9.2 years). The overall participation increased across calendar years for all nationalities, and this increase was more pronounced in women, which resulted in a decreasing men-to-women ratio. Men were faster and older than women. Ethiopians and Kenyans were the fastest and youngest in women and men, respectively. Japanese were the slowest and Germans were the oldest in both sexes. Race time increased across years. Coaches and fitness trainers should be aware of these trends and should emphasize the development of training programs for older and slower runners
Effect Of Informal Financial Services On Financial Performance Of Micro And Small Enterprises In Nairobi County, Kenya
No full textGlobally, micro and small enterprises play a vital role in social and economic development of a country through the creation of employment and contribution to the growth of GDP (Gross Domestic Product). Financial access, savings mobilization, and financial literacy are critical for the sustainability and growth small businesses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of informal financial services on the financial performance of micro and small enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was guided by the following objectives –to find out the effect of table banking credit access on the financial performance of MSEs in Nairobi County, to investigate the effect of table banking financial literacy on the financial performance of MSEs in Nairobi County, and to evaluate the effect of table banking savings mobilization on financial performance of MSEs in Nairobi County
Effect Of Initial Public Offering On The Financial Performance Of Firms Listed At The Nairobi Securities exchange
No full textInitial Public Offering has been for a long time been of interest not just to the firms being listed but also to the investors and the whole business community. This is so because of the many outcomes that firms do experience after issuing an IPO. This study aimed to determine the effect of Initial Public Offering on the financial performance of firms listed at the Nairobi Securities’ Exchange. It was guided by three specific objectives; to determine the effect of liquidity on the financial performance of firms listed at the NSE after issuing an IPO, to establish the effect of size on the financial performance of firms listed at the NSE after issuing an IPO and to find out the effect of financial risk on the financial performance of firms listed at the NSE after issuing an IPO. The study adopted Modigliani and Millers Theory of market capital structure as well as Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) by Eugene Fama. Past studies from different scholars unveiled the existing gap in literature pertaining to the market inefficiencies that firms face after issuing an IPO. The study however adopted descriptive research design and targeted 13 companies that had been in operation for a period of 10 years (2009-2018). It used census sampling technique in considering all the 13 targeted companies studied. Secondary data was sourced from the Nairobi Security Exchange database, Capital Markets Authority resource centre and individual companies’ published annual financial reports. The traditional profit theory was employed to formulate profit, measured by Return on Assets (ROA), as a function of size, liquidity ratio and financial risk ratio. The study adopted panel data analysis model to estimate the determinants of the profit function. The output was derived through the aid of STATA in the generation of the suitable model which was in the form of a panel regression model. A Prais Winsten Panel regression model (with corrected standard errors) that produces robust results was fitted as a result of the presence of heteroscedasticity and serial correlation in the variables. The Hausman test of the model specification which decides between fixed effect model and random effect model was not carried out due to violation of linear regression assumption due to the existence of significant differences of ROA among the firms. The empirical results revealed that there was a positively significant relationship between size and the return on assets. The results also revealed a positive insignificant relationship between size and the return on assets. It also concluded that financial risk had a negative significant relationship with the return on assets. The study recommended that more firms should be listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange in order to improve on their transparency and investor confidence. Additionally, publicly listed firms should put in place liquidity management strategies and policies that should effectively govern them therefore resulting to better and improved returns. Financial risk administration policies should not be ignored as well since they would contribute greatly to the financial performance of firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchang
The Effects Of Advertisement Strategies On Consumer Brand Preference Among FMCG. (Case Study Of Oil Libya Nairobi)
No full textThe general objective of study was to determine the effect of advertisement strategies on consumer brand preference a case study of selected oilibya stations in Nairobi. Nairobi was chosen because it has a concentration of stations which are small, medium and large hence its well represented. The study was guided by the key variables such as personal selling, social media, press advertising and celebrity endorsement. Existing literature was collected from books, journals, publications, and some from class notes. A target of 133 respondents consisting of dealers, accountants, sales executives, marketing executives and team leader supervisors formed the target population. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted for this study. This is because stratified random sampling technique is the most detailed information source on the population at the level of small localities and neighborhoods in the population. The study employed the use of questionnaires to collect primary data, Gall & Borg (2007), points out that, questionnaires are appropriate for studies since they collect information that is not directly observable as they inquire about feelings, motivations, attitudes, accomplishments as well as experiences of individuals. The research finding was presented in narrative form as well as tabular form. Graphs, pie charts and bar charts were used to show the response from the respondents. The finding was that all consumers are contacted to have come across advertisement regarding fmcg products. Press advertisement (television, newspaper) are main media through which consumers come across advertisement. Due to rapid growth of technology, social media advertisement is well embraced since most consumers are in Facebook and Instagram. This enables the high quality of audio-video, clarity of the message and less cost involved. It was concluded that customer awareness regarding advertising is very high and should be kept in mind by managements for communication purpose. It was recommended that the four variables should be embraced by managements in Kenya and enhanced in order to improve the advertisement strategies on fmcg since it affects the consumer brand preference
An Examination of the Existence of Momentum Profit in the Nigerian Market using the Modified Cahart Four-Factor Model
No full textWe examine whether the predictability of future returns from past returns is due to the presence of
anomaly in Nigeria stock market using monthly returns of 60 equity stocks that were actively traded for the
period of Jan 2012 to June 2016. Using the modified Cahart four-factor model with requisite value weight to
test for momentum profits against the market factors performance. We document that the momentum profit
exceeds that of the market factors and that non-market factors outperform that of the market factors. Financial
analysts and researchers in predicting and formulating dependable risk-return of stock and portfolio could rely
on this apparent superior model, as it provides a better explanatory power
Effect Of Corporate Sustainability Strategies On Financial Performance Of Deposit Taking Saccos In Nairobi, Kenya
No full textCorporate sustainability is one of the practices that SACCOs can adopt to remain competitive. However very few SACCOs are actively involved in corporate sustainability practices. This study sought to ascertain the effect of corporate sustainability strategies on performance of deposit taking SACCOs. The study specifically sought to establish the effect of environmental, social and economic sustainability strategies on performance of deposit taking SACCO’s in Nairobi. This study was anchored on legitimacy, stakeholder and agency theories. The study adopted descriptive research design. The study targeted 41 Deposit Taking SACCOs registered by SASRA located in Nairobi County. All 41 SACCOs were included hence a census. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysis. Presentation of findings is done using figures and tables. The findings showed that economic sustainability strategies (p=0.000<0.05), social sustainability strategies (p=0.000<0.05) and environmental sustainability strategies (p=0.015<0.05) all have significant effect on financial performance. The study concludes that corporate sustainability has significant effect on financial performance. The study recommends that SACCOs should communicate with their customers about their activities to achieve sustainability and, in so doing, attract more customers. Even though the main motive of business is to earn profit, organizations should take initiative for welfare of the society and should perform its activities within the framework of environmental norms strategically
Factors Influencing the Development Of Nairobi Securities Exchange
No full textThe securities market is an important market for economic growth in the sense that it facilitates resource mobilization, pools quality investments from local and international markets, provides capital to companies for investments, aides in risk diversification thus encouraging investment and aides in poverty alleviation. A well-developed securities market has various benefits ranging from financial intermediation, promoting economic growth especially because it enhances access to savings as well as diversification of risk. There however remain challenges to operation of capital markets despite the developments put in by the government. Performance indicators show that Nairobi Securities Exchange has not yet achieved its performance potential. Various challenges ranging from low turnover and market capitalization as well as low stock values have been established. Kenya’s stock market is termed as shallow and narrow. There was a need for the securities market to develop. These therefore called for a need to find out the factors that influence the development of this capital market in order to provide policy recommendations. This study sought to find out the factors influencing the development of Nairobi Securities Exchange. The general objective of this study was to determine the factors that influence the development of Nairobi Securities Exchange. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of market information; transaction processing cost; regulatory framework on the development of the NSE. The study adopted an explanatory research design. The study was hinged on the Behavioral Theory, Signaling Theory, Efficient Market Theory (EMT) and Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) in explaining the concept of Nairobi Securities Exchange and the factors that influence it. An explanatory research design was adopted. The target population was 21 brokerage firms and 65 listed firms. Using Yamane formula, a total of 46 firms were sampled. Risk and investment managers were targeted by the study. Primary data was used to achieve the study objectives. A structured data collection questionnaire was used to collect primary data. After data collection, descriptive and inferential analysis methods were adopted. The descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations were used to describe the data. Inferential analysis (correlation and regression) on the other hand were used to establish relationship between the variables. The tool for analysis was Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The study findings were presented in form of tables and figures. The results of the study established that market information has a positive and significant effect on the development of the NSE market (B = 0.279; t = 3.716, > 1.96, = P-Value = 0.000, 0.05) while regulatory framework has a positive and significant effect on the development of the NSE market (B = 0.235; t = 2.539, < 1.96, = P-Value = 0.014, < 0.05). It was also determined that up to 70.9% of the variation in development of Nairobi Securities Exchange is explained by the three factors (Market Information, Transaction Processing and Regulatory Framework) (R2 = 0.709). The study recommends that the Capital Markets Authority should come up with initiatives to ensure that the information on securities is efficient and reflects the true picture of the market. The regulator, CMA, should also manage the costs so that the market can improve in its development efforts. There is a need for the regulator to ensure that costs are manageable. The regulator, CMA, should also come up with favorable policies which can encourage more subscriptions and listing on the course
Determinants Of Uptake Of Digital Credit By The Youth In Institutions Of Higher Learning In Kisumu, Kenya
No full textWith the advent of Mpesa, Kenya is a hub for digital credit and for youth in Kenya Opesa, Tala, M-shwari, The Branch, Timiza are no strange names. This study sought to explore the determinants of uptake of digital credit by financial service providers and FinTech amongst the youth in in institutions of higher learning Kisumu, Kenya. The study sought to identify the major determinants of uptake of digital credit on college students in higher learning institutions; Technical Vocational Education and Training - TVETs and universities in Kisumu, Kenya. In terms of scope, the study focused on ages 18- 35 years, male and female at two (2) universities; KCA University and Maseno University, and two (2) TVETs- Kisumu National Polytechnic and Kenya Institute of Management (KIM). The study used both primary and secondary data through informal interviews, questionnaires, comprehensive desk review of bibliographic research and policy analyses. The study targeted a population of 18,700 youth with a sample of 377 students. The sample size was determined using a 20% approximation for the desired sample size for the study. The researcher personally administered the questionnaires and involved data clerks to reach more students. The actual sample size for this study was arrived at proportionately through the Krejcie & Morgan’s method. The Statistical package for Social Scientist software (SPSS) was used to analyse the collected data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in presentation of the results. The study findings were that government regulation and credit terms were most significant determinants of uptake of digital credit. Sensitization and social influence were also found to moderate uptake of digital credit. While the paper may not project the best model for digital lending, it’s hoped that policy makers, development finance institutions, FinTech executives, investors, academia will draw more input for a broader inclusive digital credit