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Determinants Of Financial Sustainability Of Civil Society Organizations In Kisii And Nyamira Counties, Kenya
No full textABSTRACT
When an organization has lack of financial sustainability, a gap is created that makes it
difficult to achieve success, the study aimed at identifying determinants of financial
sustainability of Civil Society Organizations in Kenya with regard to Kisii and Nyamira
Counties. The research’s specific objectives were to; assess how accessibility to donor
funding, corporate governance, financial management, and stakeholder’s relationship,
determine financial sustainability of civil society organizations in Kisii and Nyamira
Counties. The previous studies related to, financial sustainability of civil society
organizations were reviewed which includes review of theoretical and empirical studies,
and conceptual framework. Descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. The
population of the research study comprised of51 Finance Managers of 51civil society
organizations in Kisii and Nyamira Counties. The sample size of the study comprised of
all population subjects and therefore, census method was used for the research study. The
research study used primary data which was collected by use of self-administered data
collection tool to the target respondents. Data was analyzed using SPSS as per the data
collection tool. Descriptive statistics formed the basis of the research and included
frequencies and percentages. The relationship between determinants of financial
sustainability of CSOs and level of financial sustainability were illustrated by a linear
regression equation. All the relevant diagnostic tests were performed for the coefficients
and overall model.Frequency distribution charts and tables to were used to present the
data.The findings of the study revealed that access to donor funding, corporate
governance, financial management and stakeholder’s relations had a role in determining
financial sustainability of civil society organizations. Inferential statistics results like
unstandardized regression coefficients indicate a positive role on these factors.
Regression model indicate that there is positive relationship between access to donor
funding, corporate governance, financial management and stakeholders relations and
financial sustainability of civil society organizations.The study findings show there was a
significant positive relationship between the factors under study (access to donor funding,
corporate governance, financial management and stakeholder relations) and the level of
financial sustainability of civil society organizations. The findings also indicate that the
factors under study influenced financial sustainability of civil society organizations
positively. The study suggests recommendations that donors need to give them long term
grants so that they are able to operate efficient without constraints of funds. The decision
making process need to be enhanced so that there is clear and effective communication
process within the organizations. The reports submitted to donors need to be worked on
effectively so as to expect positive results. Civil organizations can engage the respective
donors on the areas of disagreement so as to harness the working relationship between
donors and civil society organizations. When civil society organizations are designing
their programs, there is need to consult with all stakeholders so that their views and
contributions towards these programs can be taken into account. There is need for the
civil society organizations to appreciate their stakeholders with whichever kind so that
thy feel part and parcel of the process. The study was done on the civil society
organizations within Kisii and Nyamira Counties, there is need to replicate the same to
other counties so that researchers can compare results and have different views from
these regions. The researcher dealt on civil society organizations may be another research
can be done on other areas like faith based organizations
Effect Of Voluntary Accounting Disclosures On Investor Confidence Of Non-financial Firms Listed In Nairobi Securities Exchange
No full textVoluntary accounting disclosures involve provision of information by a company which are beyond the legal requirements. Making voluntary accounting disclosure uses resources and the value gained from these disclosures need to be more than those costs for these disclosures to be justifiable. Moreover, most empirical studies have contrasting findings on the business case of voluntary corporate disclosures. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of voluntary accounting disclosures on investor confidence of non-financial firms listed in the NSE. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the effect of forward-looking information disclosure, value-added statement disclosure, and human resource accounting information disclosure and social accounting information disclosure on investor confidence of non-financial firms listed in the NSE. The study was based on agency theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory and signalling theory. A causal design was used in this study. The study population is the 47 non-financial firms listed in the NSE. Data from the audited financial statements of the 47 non-financial firms listed at the NSE. The panel data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics, exploratory statistics and panel data regression analysis. The study findings indicated that forward-looking information disclosure did not have a significant effect on investor confidence of the non-financial firms listed in the NSE. The findings further determined that valued added statements disclosure had a significant positive effect on investor confidence of the non-financial firms listed in the NSE. However, human resource accounting information disclosure did not have a significant effect on investor confidence of the non-financial firms listed in the NSE. Additionally, social accounting information disclosure did not have a significant effect on investor confidence of the non-financial firms listed in the NSE. This study recommends that all non-financial firms listed in the NSE should critically consider in-depth disclosure of value added information using value added statements as a voluntary disclosure in the process of accounting communication to the stakeholders including investors
Approximations of Ruin Probabilities Under Financial Constraints
No full textIn this paper, we investigate the approximate ruin probabilities un-
der financial constraints (interest rate, inflation, and taxation). We
formulate a risk process whose premium inflow is influenced by the
economic effects of inflation and interest rate. Thereafter we invoke
the Albrecher-Hipp loss-carried-forward tax scheme from which an ex-
act formula for the ruin probability for exponentially distributed claims
is derived. Finally, an explicit asymptotic formula when the claims
have sub-exponential distribution is also derived using the Pollaczek-
Khintchine formula
Linking Transformational Leadership to Knowledge Management in the Universities in Kenya; the Role of Teamwork Processes
No full textThis study analyses the effect of teamwork processes of cohesion and communication on the
relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge management. The key objective of the study
was to examine the role that various teamwork processes play in influencing a leadership and knowledge
management relationship in the Universities in Kenya. The study utilized the work of Yammarino et al. (2003),
Muchiri et al. (2012) and Atwater and Bass (1994) on transformational leadership, performance and teamwork
processes. The study also utilized Crawford (2005) research on the relationship between transformational
leadership and knowledge management as well as the work of John D. Politis (2003) and Turner et al (2012) on
Knowledge management and teams. Cross sectional data was collected and analyzed within a period of one
year from September 2017. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data in order to determine the
patterns and meaningful characteristics that would emerge from the data. Inferential statistics were used to
determine the relationships between and among the study variables. The results obtained support the view
that transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on knowledge management initiatives of
creation, sharing and utilization. The teamwork processes of communication and cohesion were interestingly
found not to significantly mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and knowledge
management
Effect Of Corporate Governance On Financial Performance Of Savings And Credit Cooperatives In Nairobi County
No full textAn organization’s economic success does not only depend on quality management, innovation and efficiency, but also on the capacity of the organization to observe corporate governance principles. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of corporate governance on financial performance of SACCOs in Nairobi County. The specific objectives were to establish the influence of board meetings attendance, board committees, board diversity and board size on financial performance of SACCOs in Nairobi County.This study is anchored on stewardship theory,resource dependence theory and agency theory.Descriptive research design was applied in the study and the target population was all the 41-deposit taking SACCOs in Nairobi County that were licensed by SASRA.The study utilized secondary data that was collected from the deposit taking SACCOs. Five years (2015 – 2019) data from the 41-deposit taking SACCOs was analysed using panel data regression analysis.Housman test was conducted to establish which among the panel regression models (random effects model and fixed effects model) was suitable for the data. Other diagnostic tests were conducted to test for multi-collinearity, heteroscedasticity, serial correlation and normality of residuals. The results of the model for the study was presented in tabular form. The study findings showed that board size and board committees had a significant positive effect on ROA. However, board gender diversity and board meeting attendance did not have a significant effect on ROA. Based on the study findings, the study makes the following recommendations. First, SACCOs with fewer board members should consider increasing the number of board members to be sufficient enough to provide the requisite oversight and governance of the SACCO. Besides, SACCO boards of directors should form several committees to oversee critical functional areas of the SACCOs
Effects of public debt on economic growth of East African countries
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of public debt on economic growth of three east African countries (Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania). Specifically, the study aimed to establish the influence of external concessional public debt, external commercial public debt and domestic public debt on economic growth of the three east African countries. This study applied a causal research design as it sought to assess effect of public debt on economic growth and collect secondary time series data for 57 years (1963-2019). Macro panel regression was used to analyze the collected data using the fixed effects model. The study findings established that concessional debt and external commercial debt had a significant positive effect on economic growth, while domestic debt had a significant negative effect on economic growth. Based on this study findings, the study makes the following recommendations. First, the three East African countries should source for more external concessional debt through bilateral or multilateral arrangements to plug into their budget deficits. The study also recommends that the level of domestic borrowing in the three East African countries should be reduced. This is because domestic borrowing is harmful to economic growth of the three countries
Factors Affecting The Performance of Kwale County Government Projects in Kenya
No full textGlobally, projects catalyze development with varied goals and objectives from eliminating poverty, improving health care, developing infrastructure, providing quality education, creating jobs, adopting modern technology, and prosper the economy towards improving livelihood and quality of life. These goals fall under the United Nations vision 2030 sustainable development goals (SDGs) which are, however, seriously challenged by pandemics, conflicts, climate change, corruption and several other obstructions.Kwale county government has been experiencing challenges in the management of resources and delivery of projects that meet citizen’s expectations.This study examined the factors affecting the performance of Kwale county government projects in kenya. The specific objectives were to establish the effect of budget planning, access to funds, stakeholder engagement and oversight monitoring on the performance of kwale county government projects in kenya. This study was anchored on Stakeholder theory, institutional theory and Agency theory. The study adopted descriptive research design and the target population was 54 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires and analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results of the data analysis indicates that there is an insignificant linear relationship between budgeting and performance of Kwale County government projects but funding has a positive significant relationship on Performance. Further, stakeholder participation was found to have a positive and significant influence on the performance of Kwale county government projects. Monitoring of projects has an insignificant negative relationship on the performance of Kwale County government projects. The study recommended that the CGOK should enhance the selection criteria of the project management committee members (PMCs) concerning education level, project-related certification, and work experience
E-Learners’ Challenges and Coping Strategies in Interactive and Collaborative e-Learning in Kenya
No full textSome universities in Kenya have taken up e-learning to flexibly deliver learning and bridge the educational access gap.
Despite the benefits that e-learning offers to the e-learners, there are challenges that they must cope with. The aim of this
paper is to present the challenges that emerged from a research that was undertaken in two Institutions of Higher Learning
(IHLs). It also presents the coping strategies that e-learners used to overcome the challenges. The research used the
constructivist version of Grounded Theory (GT) methodology. It used in-depth interviews and participant observations to
gather data from the e-learners, e-tutors, e-learning managers and e-learning platforms. Therefore, the research yielded
qualitative data which was analyzed using Atlas.ti software. Data was analyzed thematically to establish the patterns of
challenges and the equivalent coping strategies. The results are presented using the Gioia technique and the discussion used
the vignettes technique from participants in order to preserve their voice. The challenges that emerged relate to: e-content,
coursework, internet access, e-learning technology, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills and training,
interaction and collaboration, personal issues, teaching of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
courses and the tutorials. Recommendations on how to tackle these challenges have also been suggested. An understanding
of these challenges is important to the e-learning players so that they can adopt interventions to mitigate them and hence
improve interaction and collaboration. The results presented in this paper are part of the larger research whose main objective
was to develop an e-learning theory for interaction and collaboration
Influence Of Corporate Governance On Performance Of Commercial Banks In Kenya
No full textCorporate governance comprises of policies, practices and rules that guide decisions and operations in an organization to ensure that the interests of shareholders and other stakeholders are served responsibly and effectively. Emerging issues in corporate governance continue to fuel new debate on its effect on firm performance. The general objective of this study was to establish the influence of corporate governance on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the effect of board competence, board accountability, compensation decision-making and risk management on the performance of commercial banks in Kenya. This study was anchored on agency theory, stewardship theory and performance theory. The study adopted descriptive research design and the target population was 40 commercial banks that were licensed by central bank of Kenya by December 2019. The study will used structured questionnaire to collect primary data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis with the aid of statistical package for social sciences. The study established that board competence had a statistically and significant positive effect on performance of the commercial banks (β = 0.264, t = 2.308, p = 0.027). Board accountability did not have a significant effect on performance of commercial banks (β = -0.128, t = -1.105, p = 0.277) while compensation decision-making had a significant positive influence on performance of commercial banks in Kenya (β = 0.454, t = 4.778, p < 0.05). Besides, risk management had a statistically significant and positive effect on performance of commercial banks in Kenya (β = 0.404, t = 3.211, p = 0.003). Based on the conclusions from the study, the following recommendations are made. First, shareholders of commercial banks should ensure that the board members they elect to oversee running of the commercial banks are competent. The critical factors that these shareholders should consider when electing board members include professional and education qualifications, technical capabilities and experience in the banking industry. On board accountability, regulatory authorities such as NSE and CMA should ensure that boards of commercial banks adhere to honest, clear and open reporting on issues touching on the banks. The study recommends to shareholders to ensure that the elected board put in place effective compensation philosophy that is performance and risk based. Lastly, the study recommends to regulatory authorities to ensure that boards play oversight roles towards operational, market and financial risks that the commercial banks face
Determinants Of Accounting Information Systems Adoption Among State Owned Corporations In Kenya
No full textRunning an organization successfully requires effective management of organizational and financial data with quality information systems. Though state corporations in Kenya are working in an increasingly digitized knowledge economy, they have been slow on adopting information systems in general and accounting information systems (AIS) in particular. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of accounting information systems adoption among state owned corporations in Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to establish the effect of perceived usefulness, top management support, employee competence and the perceived ease of use on adoption of accounting information systems among state owned corporations in Kenya. The study was anchored on the technology acceptance model, diffusion of innovations theory and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. The study applied a descriptive research design. The study population in this study was 187 state corporations in Kenya. Multistage sampling was used to select 65 state corporations. The study used a structured questionnaire addressed to the senior accountants in the state corporations. Collected data was analysed using descriptive statistics (percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations) and multiple regression analysis. The results were presented in figures and tables. The study results show that top management support (β = 0.318, p = 0.012) and employee competence (β = 0.438, p < 0.05) had a significant positive effect on adoption of AIS in state corporations in Kenya. However, perceived ease of use (β =-0.032, p = 0.801) and perceived usefulness (β = 0.093, p = 0.124) did not have a significant effect on adoption of AIS in state corporations in Kenya. Based on these results, the study recommends that the attitudes and perceptions of accountants regarding any information system should be considered in the adoption process. The study also recommends that in seeking to support employees in the adoption process. top managers should always seek the opinions and suggestions of the employees. They should also involve them in the decision making. Lastly, the study recommends that before any AIS is implemented in an organization, employees should be sensitized on how to use it in order to get maximum benefit on any adopted system