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Retrospective evaluation of transhepatic biliary stent placement in patients undergoing hepaticojejunostomy
No full textObjective: Cholecystectomy is one of the most common operations performed by surgeons all over the world. Bile duct Methodology: We aimed to investigate the effects of transhepatic transanastomotic stent use in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy due to iatrogenic bile duct injury. The study included 37 patients who underwent R&Y hepticojejunostomy anastomosis due to iatrogenic bile duct injury at the General Surgery Clinic of the Results: A total of 37 hepaticojejunostomy patients were included in the study; 16 (%43.2) received transhepatic stent and 21 (%56.8) did not receive stent. No mortality occurred in any of the patients. It was observed that the rate of Bismuth Type-1 was statistically significantly higher in the group without stent placement and Bismuth Type-4 was statistically significantly higher in the group with stent placement (p<0.001). The mean timing time was 13.75 +/- 7.37 days in the group without stent placement and 4.00 +/- 3.30 days in the group with stent placement, which was significantly higher in the group without stent placement (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of complication development (p=0.933). Conclusions: As a result, although we prefer the use of transanastomotic stents in bile duct reconstruction after biliary injury in selected cases, we think that studies with larger series are needed
Knowledge and Attitudes of Dentists in Afyonkarahisar City Center Regarding Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
No full textObjective: The increasing tendency towards traditional and complementary medicine (TCM) practices in Türkiye and the world in recent years has made it important for dentists, who are im- portant members of the healthcare team, to know TCM and guide their patients correctly. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and atti- tudes of dentists working in the city center of Afyonkarahisar regar- ding TCM. Material and Methods: A 55-question survey consisting of 4 sections was designed to assess the participants’ knowledge and at- titudes regarding TCM. The survey was applied face-to-face to 121 dentists working in the public and private sectors in the city center of Afyonkarahisar. Results: In this study, 81% of dentists stated that they did not have sufficient knowledge about TCM applications and 95.9% did not have a certificate regarding TCM. In this study, the methods that dentists heard, knew, used and recommended the most were phytot- herapy, acupuncture, hypnosis, prayer, balnotherapy, cupping, yoga, meditation and music therapy. In addition, the average score of den- tists on the Integrative, Complementary and Alternative Medicine At- titude Scale was 32.04±6.27. It was observed that dentists would prefer TCM methods mostly because they have fewer side effects and can be used mostly for relaxation, stress and anxiety reduction. Conclusion: Although the study results show that dentists’ knowledge levels and education/certification rates regarding TCM are low, they reveal that their attitudes toward TCM methods are positive. TCM methods sho- uld be added to the dentistry education curriculum and dentists should be encouraged to attend TCM courses
mpliando Perspectivas sobre a Adequação do Cardioversor Desfibriladors Implantável: Papel dos Marcadores Econômicos e Psicossociais, Subtipos de Miocardiopatia e Terapias Avançadas
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Okullarda Örgütsel Dayanıklılık Ölçeğinin (OÖDÖ) Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
No full textAraştırmanın amacı öğretmen algılarına göre okulların örgütsel dayanıklılık düzeylerini belirlemeyi amaçlayan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla iki farklı örneklemden elde edilen verilere faktör analizi uygulanmıştır. Isparta İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı ilkokul, ortaokul ve Anadolu Lisesi öğretmenlerinin oluşturduğu ilk örnekleme (n=186) açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) yapılmıştır. AFA sonucunda ölçeğin iki faktör ve 15 maddeden oluştuğu, iki faktörün toplam varyansın % 60,078’ini açıkladığı görülmüştür. AFA uygulamasında ölçeğin bütününe ait Cronbach Alfa katsayısı .920’dir. İki faktörün Cronbach Alfa katsayısı ise .900 ve .863’tür. Ölçeğin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA), Isparta İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı ilkokul, ortaokul ve Anadolu Lisesi öğretmenlerinin oluşturduğu farklı bir örnekleme (n=302) uygulanmıştır. DFA sonucunda elde edilen temel uyum indeksleri (X2/Sd=2,95; RMSEA=.08; SRMR=.063; RMR=.032; IFI=.97; RFI=.94; NNFI=.96; NFI=.95; CFI=.97; GFI=.90 ve AGFI=.86) şeklinde bulunmuştur. Bu değerlerin, literatürde mükemmel veya kabul edilebilir değerler olarak belirtildiği görülmüştür. DFA sonucunda ölçeğin bütününe ait Cronbach Alfa katsayısı .902, iki faktörün Cronbach Alfa katsayısı ise .882 ve .853 olarak saptanmıştır. Ölçeğin AFA ile belirlenen kuramsal yapısı doğrulanmıştır. Geçerlik ve güvenirliği saptanan ölçek iki faktör ve beşli Likert tipi 15 maddeden oluşmaktadır. The aim of the research is to develop a valid and reliable scale that aims to determine the organizational resilience levels of schools according to teachers' perceptions. For this purpose, factor analysis was applied to the data obtained from two different samples. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on the first sample (n=186) consisting of primary school, secondary school and Anatolian High School teachers affiliated with the Isparta Provincial Directorate of National Education. As a result of EFA, it was seen that the scale consisted of two factors and 15 items, and two factors explained 60.078% of the total variance. In the EFA application, the Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the entire scale is .920. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the two factors is .900 and .863. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the scale was applied to a different sample (n=302) consisting of primary school, secondary school and Anatolian High School teachers affiliated with the Isparta Provincial Directorate of National Education. Basic fit indices obtained as a result of CFA (X2/Sd=2.95; RMSEA=.08; SRMR=.063; RMR=.032; IFI=.97; RFI=.94; NNFI=.96; NFI=.95 ; CFI=.97; GFI=.90 and AGFI=.86). It has been observed that these values are stated as excellent or acceptable values in the literature. As a result of CFA, the Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the whole scale was found to be .902, and the Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the two factors was found to be .882 and .853. The theoretical structure of the scale determined by EFA was confirmed. The scale, whose validity and reliability was determined, consists of two factors and 15 five-point Likert-type items
Investigation in cell culture of the effect of adding wheat germ aglutin (WGA) to cisplatin treatment in melanoma on biochemical mechanisms and drug
No full textAmaç: Melanom, tüm deri tümörlerinin yalnızca %1,7'sini oluşturmakla birlikte en agresif cilt kanseridir. Normal dokular için sınırlı toksisiteye rağmen WGA'nın düşük dozlarda pankreas, karaciğer, kemik (osteosarkom) ve cilt (melanom) kanseri için toksik olduğu gösterilmiştir. Sisplatin, DNA hasarını ve apoptozu indükleme yeteneği ile bilinen bir kemoterapötik ajan olmakla birlikte melanom tedavisinde çok etkili değildir. Melanom hücrelerini Sisplatine duyarlı hale getirebilecek yeni kombinasyonların geliştirilmesi ilaç etkinliğini arttırmanın bir yoludur. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız sitotoksik etki gösteren Sisplatin ve WGA'nın tekli ve kombine dozlarının melanomdaki oksitadif stres, apoptoz ve ilaç direnci üzerine olan etkilerini in vitro değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda G361 melanom hücre hattında MTT testi ile Sisplatin ve WGA'nın IC50 dozları bulunduktan sonra 4 çalışma grubu (Kontrol, WGA, CP, WGA+CP) oluşturuldu ve 24 saat bu dozlarda uygulama yapıldı. Tekli ve kombine dozların oksidatif sürece etkisi TAS ve TOS seviyelerini ölçüp OSI hesaplanarak incelendi. Apoptoz için ELISA, Western Blot ve RT-qPCR ile Bax, Bcl-2, Sit-c, Kasp-3 ve Kasp-9 analizi; ilaç direnci için RT-qPCR ile ABCB1, ABCC1 ve ABCG2 analizleri yapıldı. Bulgular: WGA'nın kontrol grubuna kıyasla TOS ve OSI değerlerini yükseltip TAS değerini düşürerek oksidatif stresi indüklediği bulundu. CP tek başına ve WGA ile kombine edildiğinde kontrol grubuna kıyasla TAS, TOS ve OSI değerlerini düşürdü. WGA ve WGA+CP grupları, ELISA analizi ile değerlendirilen Bax, Bcl-2 ve Sit-c düzeyini kontrol grubuna göre arttırdı ve hesaplanan apoptotik indeks değerinin en fazla WGA+CP grubunda olduğu bulundu. Sisplatin uygulanan grupta ilaç direnci ilişkili genlerden ABCC1'in, WGA uygulanan grupta ABCG2'nin ve kombinasyonlarının da ABCB1 ve ABCC1 mRNA ekspresyonlarını anlamlı düzeyde arttırdığı tespit edildi. Sonuç: Bulgular WGA'nın tek başına ve Sisplatin ile kombinasyonun melanomdaki antiproliferatif ve apoptotik etkinliğini desteklemektedir. WGA-Sisplatin kombinasyonunun sağladığı yüksek apoptotik indeks, bu tedavi şeklinin önemli bir seçenek olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Diğer taraftan Sisplatin kemoterapisinde sitotoksisitenin arttırılması ve yan etkinin azaltılması amacıyla yapılacak yeni araştırmalar için bu çalışma yol gösterici olabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Apoptoz, Melanom, Sisplatin, WGA.Objective: Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, accounting for only 1,7% of all skin tumours. Despite limited toxicity to normal tissues, WGA has been shown to be toxic at low doses to pancreatic, liver, bone (osteosarcoma) and skin (melanoma) cancer. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent known for its ability to induce DNA damage and apoptosis, but is not very effective in the treatment of melanoma. The development of new combinations that can sensitise melanoma cells to Cisplatin is one way to increase drug efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of single and combined doses of Cisplatin and WGA on oxidative stress, apoptosis and drug resistance in melanoma cells in vitro. Materials and Methods: In our study, after the IC50 doses of Cisplatin and WGA were found by MTT test in G361 melanoma cell line, 4 study groups (Control, WGA, CP, WGA+CP) were formed and 24 hours of treatment was performed at these doses. The effect of single and combined doses on oxidative process was analysed by measuring TAS and TOS levels and calculating OSI. Bax, Bcl-2, Sit-c, Casp-3 and Casp-9 were analysed by ELISA, Western Blot and RT-qPCR for apoptosis; ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2 were analysed by RT-qPCR for drug resistance. Results: WGA was found to induce oxidative stress by increasing TOS and OSI values and decreasing TAS values compared to the control group. CP alone and in combination with WGA decreased TAS, TOS and OSI values compared to the control group. WGA and WGA+CP groups increased Bax, Bcl-2 and Cyt-c levels evaluated by ELISA analysis compared to the control group, and the calculated apoptotic index value was found to be highest in the WGA+CP group. The mRNA expressions of ABCC1, one of the drug resistance-related genes, in the Cisplatin-treated group, ABCG2 in the WGA-treated group and their combinations significantly increased ABCB1 and ABCC1 mRNA expressions. Conclusion: The findings support the antiproliferative and apoptotic activity of WGA alone and in combination with Cisplatin in melanoma. The high apoptotic index provided by WGA-Cisplatin combination suggests that this treatment modality may be an important option. On the other hand, this study may be a guide for new studies to be conducted to increase cytotoxicity and reduce side effects in Cisplatin chemotherapy. Keywords: Apoptosis, Melanoma, Cisplatin, WGA
Reflections on Impact of Abnormal Ankle BrachialIndex on Sepsis Survival: One-Year ProspectiveStudy Results: Expanding the Perspective
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Impact of Kefir on the Gut-Brain Axis: Serotonin Metabolism and Signaling in Pediatric Rats
No full textSerotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a key neurotransmitter involved in gastrointestinal and central nervous system functions. Given that approximately 90% of serotonin is synthesized in the gut, dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiota have emerged as promising strategies to modulate serotonin homeostasis. Kefir, a fermented milk beverage rich in probiotics and bioactive compounds, has been suggested to influence gut-brain axis signaling, yet its effects in the pediatric period remain insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to investigate the impact of kefir supplementation on serotonin biosynthesis, receptor expression, and metabolic pathways in a pediatric rat model, focusing on molecular markers across brain, jejunum, and serum tissues. Sixteen male Wistar rats (four weeks old) were divided into kefir and control groups. The kefir group received daily oral gavage of kefir (1 mL/100 g) for eight weeks, while controls received saline. Gene and protein expression levels of serotonergic markers (5-HT, TPH1, TPH2, SLC6A4, VMAT2, 5-HTR2B, 5-HTR3A, and 5-HTR4) were analyzed using quantitative PCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. Serotonin turnover was assessed via 5-HIAA levels. Kefir supplementation significantly increased 5-HT and TPH1 expression in both brain and jejunum tissues. In the brain, kefir elevated TPH2 and upregulated 5-HTR3A and 5-HTR2B, while reducing 5-HIAA levels, suggesting decreased serotonin degradation. In the jejunum, 5-HTR4 expression was markedly increased. Serum analyses revealed reduced TPH1/TPH2 expression but elevated 5-HTR4 levels, indicating systemic modulation of serotonergic signaling. Kefir exerts multifaceted effects on the serotonergic system in pediatric rats by enhancing serotonin biosynthesis, modulating receptor expression, and reducing serotonin turnover. These findings highlight kefir as a potential psychobiotic capable of influencing the gut-brain axis during early life, with implications for pediatric neurodevelopment and mental health. Further research, including clinical trials, is warranted to confirm its translational potential.Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Research Foundation [25.GENEL.007]This research was supported by the Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Research Foundation, under grant number 25.GENEL.007
Potential role of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in targeting GSTP1 in drug-resistant cancers
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Theoretical investigation of radiation absorption properties of electrons, photons, and heavy ions in Fe-based shape memory biomedical alloys
No full textShape memory alloys (SMAs) have many new applications in medicine today due to their ability to remember a specific geometry. However, the majority of SMAs are not biodegradable, resulting in serious surgical procedures to remove them when necessary. Similarly, the use of radiation applications for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose affects the radiation dose distribution to the patient, leading to dosimetric errors due to scatter. Uncertainties in this dose distribution can lead to serious patient complications. In this study, the response and interaction mechanisms of four Fe-based SMAs (Fe-30Mn-5Si-CaP, Fe-23Mn-5Si, Fe-30Mn and Fe-5Pt) against X-ray and particle radiation used in diagnosis and treatment were analysed and interpreted using different theoretical software. To determine the reliability of the GAMOS algorithm in assessing the radiation absorption capacity of alloys, the Phy-X/PSD database was also used to obtain the radiation absorption parameters of alloys. The mean free path ( lambda), half-value layer (HVL), mass attenuation coefficient ( mu/rho) and linear attenuation coefficient ( mu) values, the energy exposure accumulation factors (EBF) and energy absorption accumulation factors (EABF) were analysed as radiation protection parameters. Stopping power and range data were also obtained from ESTAR (Stopping Power and Range Tables for Electrons) and SRIM (Stopping and Ranging of Ions in Matter) packages. These were used to understand the electron and heavy ion interactions of the SMA alloys. As a result, the radiation interaction mechanisms for photons and even for ions at different energy levels of the Fe-based shape memory biomedical alloys are quite different and their effect on the radiation dose distribution are remarkable
Evaluation of sociodemographic and nutrition-related factors for type 2 diabetes risk: a sample from Turkiye
No full textBackground Considering the increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to evaluate the risk of diabetes in our sample and its relationship with sociodemographic and nutrition-related factors. Methods We conducted the study in Afyonkarahisar province of Turkiye with participants aged 18-65 years. In this face-to-face study, we used a questionnaire on sociodemographic information and general dietary habits and the FINDRISC screening tool. We also recorded participants' 24-hour food recall and assessed anthropometric measurements. We analyzed epidemiological data using binary logistic regression models to assess possible risk factors associated with the presence of diabetes risk. Results Overall, this study included 3,990 participants, 50.03% (n = 1996) and 49.97% (n = 1994) of whom were males and females, respectively. The FINDRISC score was higher in females (p = 0.001), married individuals (p 30 kg/m(2 )increased the risk by 7.33 folds compared with having a BMI of < 25 kg/m(2). Significant but very low correlation coefficients were found between main meal consumption, energy, lipid and iron intake and diabetes risk (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that increasing age, increasing BMI, lower education level, and having a disease diagnosis can be significant risk factors for diabetes. However, more studies are needed to clarify risk factors, especially those related to nutrition