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Ігрова залежність як проблема сучасності: причини виникнення та способи подолання.
No full textІгрова залежність є серйозним медичним та психологічним станом, який може виникнути внаслідок участі в азартних іграх, таких як ігрові автомати, покер, казино, онлайн-ігри та інші форми азартних розваг. Цей стан може виникнути внаслідок різних причин, включаючи психологічні, соціальні та біологічні фактори
Correlations of the upper respiratory tract cephalometric parameters in ukrainian young women with a very wide face type
Get PDFThe relationship between craniofacial parameters and features of upper respiratory tract indicators is the subject ofresearch for a wide range of scientists of various directions, which is connected with the multifaceted practical significance of thepossible results obtained. One of the most important directions among these studies is the study of the normative indicators of therespiratory tract, depending on various variables, because understanding the values of the norm allows us to judge pathologicalchanges in the future. The purpose of the study is to establish the peculiarities of correlations of cephalometric parameters of theupper respiratory tract in practically healthy Ukrainian young women with an orthognathic bite with a very wide face type. A cephalometricanalysis of the upper respiratory tract, soft palate, hyoid bone, and tongue was performed on primary lateral teleroentgenograms ofpractically healthy young Ukrainian women with a very wide face type with an orthognathic bite. The evaluation of the correlations ofthese indicators was carried out in the "Statistica 6.0" license package using Spearman's non-parametric statistics. In young womenwith a very wide face type, the following multiple reliable and medium-strength unreliable correlations were established: direct strong(r= from 0.64 to 0.76) and medium-strength (r= from 0.33 to 0.57) correlations between almost all cephalometric characteristics of theupper respiratory tract itself ways; inverse moderate strength and strong (r= from -0.30 to -0.60), as well as direct moderate strengthand strong (r=0.37 and r=0.90) correlations between almost all indicators of the soft palate; direct strong (r=0.74) and medium strength(r=0.51) correlations between almost all tongue indicators; mostly direct, medium strength (r= from 0.30 to 0.45) correlations betweenthe value of the PM-UPW distance and most indicators of the soft palate; mainly strong (r= from 0.33 to 0.72) correlations between thevalue of the PM-U distance and with all characteristics of the tongue, as well as the average strength, there are inverse (r=-0.33 and r=-0.52) correlations between the value of the NL/PM-U angle and most of the characteristics of the tongue; direct strong and mediumstrength (r= from 0.46 to 0.67) correlations between the value of the AH-FH and AH-MP distances and most of the characteristics ofthe tongue. Thus, the most pronounced connections are established between the cephalometric characteristics of the upper respiratorytract itself, between the characteristics of the soft palate, between the characteristics of the tongue, as well as between the cephalometriccharacteristics of the hyoid bone and the tongue and between the characteristics of the soft palate and the tongue
Remodeling of the fibula stump after transtibial amputation
No full textTo study the peculiarities of peroneal stump remodelling after transtibial amputation in the process of prosthesis usage. Material and Methods: A histological study of the ends of the stumps of the fibula in 68 patients was performed. Terms after amputation: 2–8 years. Results: In the 1st group the stumps with the reparative process completion were formed. In the 2nd group there were sharp disturbances of the reparative process with the formation of the cone-shaped end. In the 3rd group there was a pronounced periosteal bone formation with changes in the shape and structure of bone tissue and incompleteness of the reparative process. Conclusion: Absence of balloting of the fibula stump and dense overlapping of the medullary cavity by muscles promotes complete remodelling of the fibula remnant with preservation of its organicity. Pathological remodelling of the fibula stump occurs due to its
hypermobility, repeated traumatisation of the forming regenerate, neuritis of the peroneal nerve, osteogenesis disorders and structural and functional mismatch of the bone tissue to the loading conditions in the prosthesis. Morphological signs of pathological remodelling are the lack of completion of reparative regeneration, intensive bone tissue remodelling lasting for years with pronounced resorption and appearance of immature bone structures, fractures of the cortical diaphyseal layer, residual limb deformities with formation of a functional regenerates, narrowing and closure of the medullary canal with conglomerate with soft tissue inclusions. The anatomical inferiority of bone tissue formed in the process of remodelling of the fibula remnant creates a threat of stress fracture
Discriminant models of the likelihood and characteristics of multiple sclerosis progression in ukrainian men depending on body size parameters
No full textIn young Ukrainian men, based on the characteristics of body size, reliable discriminant models were built, which allow with high probability (correctness of the classification matrix 100 % of cases, Wilks' Lambda statistics=0.051, p<0.0001) to attribute the studied subjects to “typical” for practically healthy people or the general group of patients with multiple sclerosis. Based on the characteristics of body size between multiple sclerosis men with mild (EDSS 1.5–2.0) and moderate (EDSS 3.5–4.5) disorders, a reliable interpretation of the obtained classification indicators is also possible with medium probability (correctness of the classification matrix 96.8 % of cases, Wilks' Lambda statistics=0.342, p<0.0001)
Particularities of melanocytic nevuses of children
No full textObjective. Determination of clinical and morphological features of the recurrent course of melanocytic skin
lesions in children.
Methods. The study is based on the data analysis of 468 histological protocols of removing nevi taken from
the archives of «Vinnytsia Regional Pathological Bureau of the Vinnytsia Regional Council» (Ukraine) during the
whole period of the study (from 2018 to 2020).
Results. In general, the terms between the primary surgical removal / «self-removal» of the pigmented
formation before the recurrence of melanocytic nevi made up 3-6 months. Melanocytic nevi recurrences in children
occurred in different areas of the skin, but most often on the trunk (44.44%) and scalp and neck (27.78%). A typical
dermatoscopic sign of pigmented nevi recurrences was the presence of scar tissue on the periphery of the lesion. The
confines of a recurrent pigmented tumor on dermatoscopy were not clearly symmetrical.
Conclusion. The existing difference in the morphological structure of different types of melanocytic nevi
explains the low frequency of clinical and histological diagnoses in recurrent pathology in childhood; the possibility
of atypical cells presence of melanocytic origin in the scar area necessitates differential diagnosis in case of the skin
melanoma recurrence, especially in cases of histological verification absence of the primary melanocytic lesion
The influence of social media on psychological well-being: Examination and outlook
Get PDFThe article is dedicated to assessing the impact of social networks on the mental health of the population. Social networks have gained global popularity and are integral to modern life. Currently, social networks are platforms for personal development, communication skills, and socialization, searching for like-minded individuals and new friends, maintaining
personal blogs, distance learning, and work. This study aims to analyze the impact of social networks on the mental health of the population and assess the possible perspectives of this influence. Theoretical methods were used to achieve the set goal:
studying, analyzing, and systematizing scientific literature data. Currently, approximately 60% of the world's population uses social networks, with approximately 40% of users using them not only for entertainment and relaxation but also for work and education, which determines their socioeconomic significance. According to statistics, the most popular social networks worldwide are Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, Instagram, WeChat, and TikTok. In addition, most social media users are registered in one or several of them. On the one hand, social networks can help people communicate regardless of distance, acquire new knowledge, meet like-minded individuals, exchange ideas, and increase social support. On the other hand, their excessive use is associated with the development of addiction, low self-esteem, levels of anxiety and depression, and
deterioration of social and physical health. These problems are particularly acute with increasing time spent in the virtual world. Therefore, in recent years, there has been increased interest in studying the impact of social networks on the health of the
population as a whole and persons in particular and in developing and implementing effective methods to prevent the negative aspects of their us. This is a promising direction for further research
Оцінка мукозального імунітету у пацієнтів зі стоматологічними захворюваннями, поєднаними з ревматоїдним артритом
No full textThe association between diseases of connective tissue and oral cavity is of increased interest for scientists because they can contribute to the burden of the pathological process of each other and the occurrence of recurrences. Given that autoimmune disorders in rheumatoid arthritis are the main ones, it is advisable to study the oral cavity's specific and non-specific immunity features in associated diseases. Methods. The research group included 19 patients with benign migratory glossitis and 16 patients with atrophic glossitis. 15 practically healthy persons made up the control group. The levels of IgA and IgG and lysozyme were determined by immunodiffusion according to Mancinimethod and with the use of biomass powder of Micrococcus lysodeicticus, respectively. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed using Statistica 6.1. Results. The high levels of IgG in the oral fluid were found in both research groups (p0.05) and serum IgA (p<0.001) were found, while in patients with atrophic glossitis associated with rheumatoid arthritis, there was a significant decrease in the content of sIgA and lysozyme and a similar increase in mIgA content. Conclusions. Oral mucosal diseases associated with RA are accompanied by suppression of defense mechanisms of the oral cavity and its local immunity, which is characterized by a decrease in the levels of lysozyme and secretory IgA in the oral fluid of patients
The modern maternal haemodynamic features for prediction of preeclampsia
No full textAnnually due to PE 500,000 babies and 76,000 mothers had been dying in the world. Preeclampsia (PE) survivors will have at twice the risk of heart disease and stroke, and four times the risk of high blood pressure in the future. The objective is to evaluate the predictive values of the circulatory syndromes of the cardiovascular system (CVS) induced by gestational endotheliopathy
Методологічні основи соматоскопічних досліджень у автоматизованих системах підтримки прийняття рішень
No full textАвтоматизовані системи підтримки прийняття рішень (АСППР) набувають широкого
застосування в різноманітних галузях науки і техніки, зокрема в медицині, де їхня роль у
діагностичних, прогностичних та терапевтичних процесах є незаперечною. Використання
обчислювальних технологій у медичній практиці стало необхідним етапом розвитку галузі, проте
зростання обсягів даних, що потребують обробки, та підвищені вимоги до точності, швидкості й
надійності рекомендацій суттєво ускладнюють процеси прийняття рішень. Збільшення кількості
даних у поєднанні з необхідністю мінімізації ризиків помилкових рішень підштовхує наукове
співтовариство до пошуку новітніх інформаційних технологій, здатних забезпечити високий
рівень точності обчислювальних операцій і мінімізувати часові витрати на їх виконання.
Соматоскопічні вимірювання, які є важливим елементом оцінки стану опорно-рухового апарату і
загальної фізичної постави пацієнта, вимагають точного і систематичного аналізу зображень,
що допомагає ідентифікувати критично важливі анатомічні маркери. Цей процес передбачає
точне визначення ключових точок на зображеннях анатомічних структур, що є основою для
побудови точних прогнозів щодо стану пацієнта та подальшого планування лікування. В умовах
постійного зростання обсягів медичних даних і жорсткіших вимог до якості рішень, що
приймаються, особливої актуальності набуває впровадження інноваційних технологій, зокрема
глибокого навчання, яке забезпечує покращення процесів аналізу і діагностики.
У роботі акцентовано увагу на використанні спеціалізованих архітектур нейронних мереж, які
уможливлюють здійснювати ідентифікацію ключових анатомічних точок на зображеннях, що,
своєю чергою, сприяє глибокому і точному аналізу анатомічних структур. Такий підхід значно
підвищує ефективність діагностичних процесів, мінімізуючи ймовірність помилок у прийнятті
рішень та оптимізуючи роботу медичних систем. Результати проведених досліджень
демонструють значний потенціал використання алгоритмів глибокого навчання в медичних
системах для автоматизованого аналізу зображень, що дає змогу значно підвищити точність і
швидкість прийняття рішень. Така автоматизація сприяє зниженню ризику суб'єктивних помилок,
пов'язаних із людським фактором, що має особливе значення у складних клінічних випадках.
Отже, подальший розвиток досліджень у цьому напрямі має надзвичайно важливе значення для медичної
галузі, оскільки відкриває нові можливості для вирішення складних діагностичних завдань на інноваційному технологічному рівні. Інтеграція технологій глибокого навчання в процеси
виокремлення соматоскопічних даних дає змогу не лише підвищити ефективність діагностики, але
й створити передумови для розроблення нових систем підтримки прийняття рішень, що
оптимізують медичну практику