Journal of Architecture, Planning and Construction Management
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DECORATIVE ARTS IN TRADITIONAL TURKISH HOUSE IN THE CONTEXT OF SPACE DESIGN: AN EVALUATION
Get PDFThe traditional Turkish House is an original piece of architecture, which reflects Turkish family structure as well as their understanding of culture and art, their beliefs and social values about the spaces they live in. The structure of the physical environment, the lifestyle of the family, and social and psychological needs alike have contributed to the development of this original architectural structure and shaped its design aspects. Rooms in a Turkish house are spaces for private use and are organized such that they can cater for all activities of a family. The same room boasts a hearth to heat the space, a divan to sit on, a bathing cubicle to wash, and a closet to store sheets, blankets and other needs. The size of the rooms is planned according to the hierarchy in the family. Halls connecting the rooms are shared areas of use for all family members. Though the meticulous decorative arts and wooden craftsmanship on the ceilings, cabinets and door surfaces in a Turkish house can be thought to be based on the carpets and rugs used in the tents, traditional decorative arts such as woodcarving, kündekâri, and Edirnekâri have developed in time and acquired originality.Keywords: Traditional Turkish House, woodcarving, kündekâri, Edirnekâr
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS OF MASJID AL QADIM, SIBU
Get PDFThere has not been many documentation and architectural analyses of historical building in Sarawak, particularly in Sibu. Masjid Al Qadim is one of the oldest mosques in Sarawak and the only one gazetted as Historical Buildings under the Sarawak Cultural Heritage Ordinance 1993. Lack of interest in historical building results in little effort, if not, none, to document and conserve historical building, which is a great loss to a society with the implication of socio-cultural lost, lack of identity and sense of belongingness and social solidarity of a local community, especially among the new generation. Hence, the objectives of this paper are to highlight the socio-cultural significances of Masjid Al Qadim during early Muslim settlement in Sibu and; identify the architectural elements of Masjid Al Qadim. The research approach is through qualitative in-depth interviews, content analyses of historical archives and building survey to identify prominent architectural elements of the mosque. Findings show that the mosque played a significant role in the early settlement of Malay-Melanau Muslim community in Sibu. Masjid Al Qadim was situated in the centre of the villages and the centre for socio-religious activities. No definite dates could be established as to when the mosque was built but historical evidences suggested that the mosque was built between 1830s to 1860s. Changes in urban planning and the expansion of Sibu has influenced the importance of the building. In terms of architectural style, it is a vernacular mosque with main structures consisting of the four pillars of the “Saka Guru†methods, which is typical of Javanese architecture. The roofs are of three-tier pyramidal style, like Masjid Agung Demak’s design, reflecting Mount Meru which indicates a phasing out of Hinduism towards Islamisation among the Malay-Melanau in Sibu, reflecting the trend experienced in the Nusantara region during that period. The original mosque was expanded to meet the demand of the increasing Qariah. Earlier building materials of the mosque include hard timber, locally known as belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri) and nipah (Nypa fruitican) roof. The building material changed throughout time, and the mosque experienced three major renovations, in 1935, 1950 and 1968. In 1935, the work on the Moghul style mihrab and Neo-classical eclectic main entrance started and completed in 1936.Keywords: Masjid Al Qadim, Sibu, Sarawak, Vernacular Architecture
VANISHING HERITAGE: VALUES OF WOODEN MINARET MOSQUE BREZOVACA
Get PDFUnder different local influence, in different part of the world introduced to the faith of Islam, diversity of architectural forms was produced. After Ottoman took control over Bosnia in 15th century, new religion of Islam was embraced and followed with construction of the mosques, a symbol of the Islam. Except big central mosques in urban areas, in each neighbourhood and villages with Muslim population mosques were constructed. Applying local materials those mosques were adopted to the local environments. In context of Bosnia and Herzegovina wooden minaret mosques were specifically built in Bosnia, using wood as suitable local material for construction, while in Herzegovina predominantly stone structures were constructed. Wooden minaret mosques are more than examples of the local architecture; moreover, they contain local skills in applying wooden constructions. Yet, there is obvious lack of understanding the values embedded into those structures.This paper aims to explain values of wooden minaret mosque of Bosnia. Furthermore, case study of BrezovaÄa mosque located in northern part of the county was elaborated and the aim of this paper was to justify need to regain original shape and to explain proposed interventions relaying on similar structure from the close vicinity. This approach was accepted due to lack of source that would confirm exact information about this building.To meet such aims, this research was focused on two points; 1) to introduction of the local wooden minaret mosques values, expressed more as intangible values inbuilt in the structure. In addition, setting of the structure and its integration with natural surroundings is highlighted; 2) to study the limited available sources about selected case study of BrezovaÄa mosque, and brief introduction to the current condition of the mosque. In the end, referring to the preserved examples from the surrounding, interventions to regain original shape of the mosque are proposed, and method of analogy is suggested as appropriate one
INDIVIDUALITY OF ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS AS A SELJUKID DESIGN PRINCIPLE
Get PDFThis paper aims to accentuate an interesting aspect within the Seljukid architecture: Individuality. In different regions, buildings and scales seem to give each architectural element an own identity and hence becoming an artistic principle. Due to the scarce scientific research about the Seljukid period, especially the lack of interdisciplinary analysis, and the Seljuk’s experience of a rapid development in political and cultural sense, it is difficult to clarify the reasons of the mentioned principle. In this essay some examples will be displayed of the mentioned phenomenon and possible explanations of some scholars. The research question of the author is: Is the principle of individuality in architectural elements in Seljukid architecture based on the weltanschuung and philosophy of Sufism
Physical Tourism Potentials in Mubi Town, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Get PDFWorld tourism is the fastest growing industries in the world that among others provides multi-million jobs opportunities; assisting in the significant infrastructure development and cross-cultural appreciations. It also supports revenue generation to governments at all levels and serves as the most contributing sector to many countries of the world. Thus, this paper carries out an empirical investigation of the physical tourism potentials of Mubi Town, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Primary data was collected through a well-structured questionnaire survey using five grading scale, and site observations of the physical tourism potentials. A total of 100 residents were selected as the respondents via random sampling technique. The research discovered six significant physical tourism potentials out of 12, namely; Tike Cattle Market, Wednesday Market, traditional local industries, Emir Palace, two minarets of Central Mosque, and River Yadzram. The analysis for the reliability test was also carried out using Spearman correlation techniques between the various segments of the questionnaire. This is based on the respondents’ responses to ascertain the level of the reliability. The descriptive statistics were used to correlate the relationship between Physical Tourism Potentials (PTP) and Environmental Elements (EE) of the study area. The result demonstrates the correlation between PTP and EE is highly significant at (0.01, 2-Tailed), indicating that, the Physical Tourism Potentials (PTP) in Mubi Town plays an integral role in the tourism potentials of the town
ASSESSING THE MISUSE IN NEIGHBORHOOD OPEN SPACE ACCORDING TO PARK BYLAWS (MBPJ 2005)
Get PDFParks is an example of open spaces where people can enjoy active and passive activities during free times to escape from the hustle and bustle of city living. Policies and guidelines have been implemented by the local authorities so that the public parks and open spaces in their area of jurisdiction are convenient to be used as well as to ensure public safety. This study aimed to identify and understand; the misuse of neighbourhood open spaces in the area of Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya (MBPJ) jurisdiction according to the Parks Bylaws (MBPJ 2005). Six (6) open spaces have been chosen namely; Taman Jaya in Section 10, several neighbourhood open spaces located at Section 13, Section 14, Section 17, Section 19 and last but not least, Taman Aman in Section 22.
The methodologies used are questionnaire survey that obtained a sample size of 90 respondents and in-depth interview session with the officers from the Landscape Department of MBPJ. This study found that; illegal dumping, vandalism, and illegal placement of posters and advertisements are the main offenses occurring in the neighbourhood open spaces while illegal parking, indecent behaviour and walking the dogs in the parks were found to be the example of minor offences. This study deduced that violation of Parks Bylaws occurred mainly due to the lack of awareness and public involvement. The study also outlines several suggestions to address the issues encountered in order to reduce problems regarding the misuse of open spaces which can lead to better usage of the open space
A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON URBAN SPRAWL USING BIBLIOMETRIC TECHNIQUE
Get PDFUrban sprawl is the broad research topic in urban studies. Thus far, the debate on the causes and consequences of urban sprawl has not led to a widely accepted interpretative framework. This paper attempts to review publications on urban sprawl factors and causes extracted from two largest scientific databases namely Scopus and ScienceDirect. The time of publication was set from 1996 to 2015 with 20 years’ gap. The citation-based approach analysis was used to provide better vision regarding this topic where the journal articles are selected by using identified keywords from wide-ranging fields that cover built environment, geography, planning, architecture, engineering, economics, transportation, health, social and spatial technologies.
Subsequently, the factor and causes of urban sprawl were extracted from each publication and reviewed. The findings is presented in different categories including (i) socio-demographic, (ii) economic, (iii) political, (iv) physical, (v) environment, and (vi) transportation, pertinent to the formation of urban sprawl. The findings from this paper contribute in defining urban sprawl based on its factor and causes which cover broader context of built environment. The future improvement includes developing land use geospatial indices based on the outcome of this paper
LANDSCAPE ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MALAY MIDWIFERY PLANT SPECIES: CASE STUDY OF KELANTAN
Get PDFTraditional Malay midwifery practices in Kelantan exhibit a wide variation in plant materials selection. This study established that plant materials composition selection differs greatly with respect to stage of midwifery practices, locality, environmental factors and culture. A total of 6 types of Malay midwifery practices using plants were observed in 5 different localities in Kelantan. Lenggang perut practice was performed during prenatal treatment whereas another five practices (bertangas, bertungku, berparam, berpilis and mandi serom) were performed during postnatal treatment. In relation of creating Malay garden identity, the findings established that the most influential factor appeared to be stage of Malay midwifery practices. Each practice has specific purposes and functions which later determine the accumulation of plant materials selection.
Of all the Malay midwifery practices studied in this research we found that mandi serom is the most diverse plant species used which portray the habitat or type of environments in which these plant species origins or found. There may be similarities of some species due to similar knowledge, culture or environment; however, the magnitude of these effects is not as great as plant materials composition selection and usage. By identifying the key factors controlling plant materials selection and usage a greater understanding of how certain midwifery practices influence plant species selection and composition in response to interactions with environmental factors as well as culture, belief and taboos will emerge as potential softscape elements tools and indicator in creating identity of Malay landscape for specific culture and locality
A THEORETICAL REVIEW ON THE EFFECTS OF ROAD HUMP ON TRAFFIC VOLUME, SPEED AND NOISE IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Get PDFLiving environment in residential areas can be disturbed by the over-speeding of vehicles resulting in increased noise level. Extreme speed and noise create aggravation such as sleep disturbance and health problems among the residents, as well as causing physical impacts. Therefore, as a corrective measure, it becomes a trend in the new development of residential areas to install road humps on these residential roads. The proper installation of road humps on the residential roads is an alternative method to enforce speed limits, thereby preventing high traffic volume and noise in residential areas. Various literature had depicted that road humps increase the noise level due to the sudden braking of vehicles when approaching humps albeit the speed reduces. This paper deliberated the effectiveness of road humps on traffic volume, speed and noise in residential areas from the literature. This paper also discussed the effects of the design profiles of road hump on the change in speed of vehicles, traffic volume and noise level