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Julien Tricard, Les Lois de la nature et le problème de l’induction , Paris, Éditions Matériologiques, « Sciences & Philosophie », 2023, 372 p.
No full textLes Marques de sport mondiales au Liban : une analyse comparative du comportement et des perceptions des consommateurs parmi les étudiants universitaires sportifs et non sportifs
No full textThe main and key objective of this Doctoral research is to establish costumers‘ purchase behavior towards leading International sportswear brands (Adidas and Nike). The aim is to study and understand from a marketing, social representation, behavior as well as strategic point of view, the perception and how consumers (Sportive subjects who are physical education students vs. Non-Sportive subjects who are students of different majors, both from various different universities in Lebanon) act or react towards those well-known international sports brands. We want to analyze both the supply - by examining the strategic positioning of companies on different markets - as well as the demand by identifying the psychological dimensions on which they are based. The research will cover a great scope of knowledge to illuminate behavior taking place within a society characterized by the combination of western and eastern influences, a multi-religious society and an extensiveness of political and economic instabilities, thus defining consumers' behavior into the Lebanese market context and from a perspective of a country that researches have not studied or explored before. This will aid companies in gathering information and acquiring insights in order to understand and to plan gaining popularity in Lebanon. We used the methodology of the social representations and the quantitative approach in addition to considering other main elements pertaining to our study like Brand Behavior, Brand Equity, Consumer Brand Identity and Brand Awareness in relation to both Personal Identity and Social Identity. Results revealed that the differentiation of the brands positioning depends on legitimate factors of the market like Cost and Pricing, Image and Association and Sponsorship to name some that affects either positively or negatively the purchasing behavior, attitude and decisions. Results have also revealed the importance of other factors like Choice of products / Specificity which also plays a role. Finding any type of product wanted at a specific brand proves to have a great impact in future choices. Even if any of the two brands is associated with more specificity towards the technical part, yet wide choices still influence in the decision making. Some factors like the availability of data, sample, number of subjects and others had limitations on the study. The fact that those limitations had an impact on the results attained made it an exploratory study that may be further developed and covered in future studies. As a perspective, future studies should further cover and emphasize on the purchasing aspect of behavior and its product of changes or beliefs across different factors like gender differences, social orientations, culture, socio-economic situations and religion.L'objectif principal de cette recherche doctorale est d'établir le comportement d'achat des clients envers les principales marques internationales de vêtements de sport (Adidas et Nike). L'objectif est d'étudier et de comprendre d'un point de vue marketing, social, comportemental et stratégique, la perception et la manière dont les consommateurs (sujets sportifs étudiants en éducation physique vs sujets non sportifs étudiants de différentes disciplines, venant de différentes universités libanaises) agissent ou réagissent à l‘encontre de ces marques de sport internationales bien connues. Nous avons analysé à la fois l'offre - en examinant le positionnement stratégique des entreprises sur différents marchés - ainsi que la demande en identifiant les dimensions socio-psychologiques sur lesquelles elles reposent. La recherche a couvert un large éventail de connaissances pour éclairer les comportements élaborés au sein d'une société libanaise caractérisée par la combinaison d'influences occidentales et orientales, une société multi religieuse et une grande d'instabilités politiques et économiques. Il s‘agit d‘aider les entreprises à collecter des informations et à acquérir des connaissances afin de planifier leur popularité au Liban, pays peu étudié ou exploré de ce point de vue, en comprenant mieux le fonctionnement des acheteurs. Nous avons utilisé la méthodologie des représentations sociales et l'approche quantitative en plus de considérer d'autres éléments principaux se rapportant à notre étude comme le positionnement des deux marques, leur équité, l'identité et la notoriété de la marque pour le consommateur selon ses orientations personnelles et son identité sociale. Les résultats ont révélé que la différenciation du positionnement des marques dépend de facteurs légitimes du marché comme le coût et le prix, l'image et l'association et le parrainage pour n'en nommer que certains qui affectent positivement ou négativement le comportement d'achat, l'attitude et les décisions. Les résultats ont également révélé l'importance d'autres facteurs, tels que le choix des produits et leur spécificité. Trouver le produit souhaité auprès d'une marque spécifique a un impact considérable sur les choix futurs. Même si l'une des deux marques est associée à une spécificité technique plus élevée, un large choix influence néanmoins la prise de décision. Certains facteurs, tels que la disponibilité des données, l'échantillon et le nombre de sujets, ont limité l'étude. L'impact de ces limitations sur les résultats obtenus en a fait une étude exploratoire susceptible d'être approfondie et étudiée dans de futures études. Dans la perspective de l'étude future, il serait souhaitable d'approfondir et de mettre l'accent sur l'aspect comportemental d'achat et ses conséquences sur les changements de croyances liés à différents facteurs tels que les différences de genre, les orientations sociales, la culture, la situation socio-économique et la religion
Voter ne suffit plus : renouvellement générationnel, rapport à l’élection et transformation de la participation politique
No full textCarnet de la Maison des Sciences Humaines de Bordeau
Vocational identity and cognitive emotion regulation among first-year university students: are they related?
No full textInternational audienceThe first year of university is often experienced as a critical period for vocational identity development, potentially accompanied by heightened emotional sensitivity. While both vocational identity and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CER) have been associated with academic adjustment, their interrelation remains insufficiently explored, particularly from a person-oriented perspective. This study aimed to examine the associations between vocational identity statuses and CER strategies (i.e., adaptive regulation, repetitive thinking, positive refocusing, hopeless self-blame, and blaming others) in a sample of 191 first-year students (83.8% women; Mage = 18.45, SD = 0.62), using cluster analyses. Six vocational identity profiles were identified-achievement, searching moratorium, moratorium, foreclosure, diffused diffusion, and undifferentiated-reflecting the heterogeneity of identity positioning among students in early higher education. Contrary to our initial expectations, the results did not reveal significant associations between identity statuses and CER strategies.This divergence from prior research on general identity processes may indicate that such relationships are more context-dependent than previously assumed, especially in transitional developmental periods. These findings invite further reflection on the dynamic nature of vocational identity and underscore the relevance of supporting students' career-related exploration processes during emerging adulthood.</div
Évaluation d’un programme de prévention auprès de patients diabétiques coordonné par la CPTS du Nord Toulousain
No full textType 2 diabetes (T2D) represents a major public health issue and requires multidisciplinary management. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of patients who participated in the “Bien vivre avec mon diabète” program, coordinated by the CPTS of Nord Toulousain, and to evaluate its effects on lifestyle habits and clinical-biological parameters. Two focus groups were conducted with 11 participants. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. Results highlight several barriers that previously limited access to physical activity or balanced nutrition: lack of motivation, professional constraints, financial cost, fear of unsuitable activity, and poor knowledge of adapted physical activity (APA). The program helped reduce some of these obstacles through group dynamics, professional support, and coordination provided by the CPTS. Participants reported a better understanding of their disease, improvements in dietary habits, resumption of physical activity, and a positive impact on their morale. However, clinical improvements (weight, HbA1c) remained modest, and lifestyle changes appeared fragile in the long term. This study highlights the value of a coordinated territorial organization in promoting adherence and sustaining the benefits over time.Le diabète de type 2 représente un enjeu majeur de santé publique nécessitant une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire. Cette étude qualitative visait à explorer le ressenti de patients participant au programme « Bien vivre avec mon diabète », coordonné par la CPTS du Nord Toulousain, et à évaluer ses effets sur les habitudes de vie et certains paramètres clinico-biologiques. Deux focus groupes ont été réalisés auprès de 11 participants. Les entretiens ont été enregistrés, retranscrits puis analysés selon une approche thématique. Les résultats montrent que plusieurs freins limitaient auparavant l’accès à une activité physique ou à une alimentation équilibrée : manque de motivation, contraintes professionnelles, coût, crainte d’une activité inadaptée et méconnaissance de l’APA. Le programme a permis de réduire certains de ces obstacles grâce à la dynamique de groupe, au soutien des professionnels et à la coordination par la CPTS. Les participants rapportent une meilleure compréhension de leur maladie, une amélioration de leurs habitudes alimentaires, une reprise de l’activité physique et un effet positif sur le moral. Les améliorations cliniques observées restent modestes et les changements apparaissent fragiles à long terme. Cette étude souligne l’intérêt d’une organisation territoriale coordonnée pour favoriser l’adhésion et pérenniser les bénéfices
Impact of midostaurin in younger AML patients intensively treated with high-dose anthracycline
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Midostaurin (MIDO) was approved by the FDA in 04/2017 for the treatment of FLT3 mutated AML patients in combination with intensive chemotherapy (ICT) with daunorubicin (DAUNO) administered at 60 mg/m² for 3 days based on the findings of the RATIFY trial (Stone, NEJM 2017). Moreover, the UK NCRI AML17 trial (Burnett, Blood 2016) demonstrated that higher DAUNO exposure at 90 mg/m² (without MIDO) provided a particular benefit for patients with FLT3 mutated AML. The aim of this post-hoc study was to assess the impact of MIDO in combination with higher-dose anthracyclines (DAUNO or idarubicin) in the BIG-1 trial (Hunault, NEJM Ev 2025). Methods: Between 01/2015 and 07/2021, the BIG-1 trial (NCT02416388) included patients (pts) aged 18-60 years with newly diagnosed AML treated with ICT (CBF-AML and APL excluded). DNA fragment analysis (FA) detected FLT3-ITD (AR≥0.05 for positivity) and FLT3-TKD mutations were detected depending on each center's usual procedures. The protocol planned single and first induction cycle containing anthracycline. Pts may receive either DAUNO (90 mg/m², d1-3) or idarubicin (9 mg/m², d1-5), combined with cytarabine 200 mg/m² (d1-7). After its approval, MIDO has been introduced in 07/2018 during the course of the trial and provided by Novartis. This offered the opportunity to assess the role of MIDO in this context using an internal control group. Of note, MIDO was omitted during the post-induction cycles in the few pts who entered nested randomized studies evaluating dexamethasone (N=46) or vosaroxin (N=13) in combination with HDAC or IDAC, respectively. Results: Overall, 382 (84.7%) pts had FLT3-ITD, 83 (18.4%) had a TKD mutation and 14 had both, leading to the inclusion of 451 pts in this analysis. 282 (62.5%) pts received ICT without MIDO (ICT group: internal control) and 169 (37.4%) received ICT with MIDO (ICT+MIDO group). Median age was 50.1y and 263 pts were female. ELN-2022 genetic risk was favorable, intermediate and adverse in 49 (10.9%), 319 (70.7%) and 77 (17.1%) pts. 302 (67%) pts carried also a NPM1 mutation without significant differences between the two groups. Following induction, the rate of CR/CRi was 77.3% vs 88.7% in ICT vs ICT+MIDO groups (p=0.002), respectively. Early death rate at d30 was 4.3% vs 1.2% (p=0.006). After adjustment on confounding factors including allo-HSCT in CR1 as a time-dependent variable in multivariate analysis, MIDO was significantly and independently associated with a decreased risk of relapse (sHR 0.63 [0.46-0.85]; P=0.003). At 2 and 5 years, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 43.6% vs 35% and 48.1% vs 40.9%, in the ICT and ICT+MIDO group respectively. The two other independent predictive factors for relapse were ELN-2022 genetic risk and allo-SCT in CR1 as protective factor. Anthracycline, gender, age and WBC did not significantly influence CIR. MIDO was also significantly and independently associated with a decreased risk of death or relapse (aHR 0.74 [0.55-0.98]; P=0.036), as well as ELN-2022 genetic risk and allo-SCT in CR1. At 2 and 5 years, RFS was 49.7% vs 55.4% and 42.5% vs 46.4%, in the ICT and ICT+MIDO group respectively. Again, anthracycline, gender, age and WBC did not significantly influence RFS. MIDO was significantly and independently associated with a decreased risk of death, relapse or failure (aHR: 0.65 [0.50-0.84]; P=0.001), as well as WBC, ELN-2022 genetic risk and allo-SCT in CR1. At 2 and 5 years, EFS was 43.3% vs 54.2% and 37.6% vs 44%, in ICT and ICT+MIDO groups respectively. Anthracycline, gender and age did not significantly influence EFS. Finally, MIDO was significantly and independently associated with a decreased risk of death (aHR: 0.70 [0.50-0.96]; P=0.02), as well as WBC, age and ELN-2022 genetic risk but neither allo-HSCT in CR1, nor sex, nor the type of anthracycline was associated with OS. At 2 and 5 years, OS was 62.8% vs 73.2% and 52.8% vs 62%, in ICT and ICT+MIDO group respectively. Conclusion: Subject to the limitations of this non-randomized study, adding MIDO to high-dose anthracycline-based chemotherapy improves CIR, RFS, EFS and OS independently of other factors, resulting in notable 5-year cure rates
Structural, electrical, optical, and microstructural properties of Bi4V2-xCux/2Sbx/2O11-3x/4
No full textInternational audienceIn the BiMeVOx lattice Bi4V2O11, copper (Cu2+) and antimony (Sb5+) cations are utilized as substitutes for vanadium (V5+), resulting in the formation of polycrystalline samples with compositions in the range of 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.45, denoted as Bi4V2-xCux/2Sbx/2O11-3x/4. The solid-state reaction method was employed to synthesize these samples. To confirm the formation of the solid solution and comprehend the local structural modifications in each composition, various techniques including X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy were employed. The compound with x = 0.1 exhibits crystallization in the monoclinic α-Bi4V2O11 form, while the compounds with 0.20 ≤ x ≤ 0.45 correspond to the γ and γ′ tetragonal forms. The microstructure of the different samples was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the influence of composition. The evolution of electrical conductivity in relation to the ratio of copper and antimony was assessed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and its correlation with structural transformations was established. The double substitution of copper and antimony resulted in an enhancement of ionic conductivity. Notably, the sample with x = 0.2 (Bi4V1.8Cu0.1Sb0.1O10.85) exhibited the highest ionic conductivity value (σ600 °C = 4.5 × 10−2 S.cm−1). The band gap of the materials was determined via diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), indicating that the BiCuSbVOx materials possessed a lower band gap (1.94 eV for the sample with x = 0.15) compared to the parent phase Bi4V2O11.</p
L’essor d’un nouveau standard médiatique français de vulgarisation : La Science et la Vie (1913-1939)
No full textInternational audienc
Évolution épidémiologique de la résistance bactérienne sur une période de 10 ans des pyélonéphrites aiguës du greffon chez les patients transplantés rénaux
No full textAcute graft pyelonephritis (AGPN) is the most common bacterial infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTR), and empirical antibiotic therapy is a major challenge for both individual outcomes and antimicrobial stewardship. French guidelines, based on the general population and recommending third-generation cephalosporins (C3G) for community-acquired and piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) for nosocomial AGPN, were published 15 years ago. We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study in southwestern France including hospitalized KTR with AGPN from january 2012 to december 2022. We excluded outpatient cases, hospital stays <24 hours, and episodes with initial microbiological samples collected outside hospital settings. We assessed microbial trends, resistance patterns, empirical treatment failure, and short-term outcomes, including a composite endpoint (death, dialysis, or ≥25% glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline at day 30). Among 701 episodes, 78.4% were nosocomial or healthcare-associated. Enterobacterales predominated (77%), with Escherichia coli the leading pathogen (68.7% in community-acquired, 40.1% in nosocomial cases). In nosocomial settings, Klebsiella pneumoniae and group 3 Enterobacterales increased (up to 17.7% and ~15%). C3G resistance rate was 6.2% in community settings and ranged from 21.9% to 48.5% in nosocomial cases. TZP resistance reached 14.5%. Empirical guideline-concordant therapy failed in over 10% of nosocomial cases vs. 7.6% in community-acquired. Since 2018, failure rates increased, peaking at 13.3%. In multivariate analysis, empirical therapy failure was not associated with 30-day mortality, dialysis, or ≥25% eGFR decline. Only septic shock and polymicrobial infection predicted poor outcomes. Despite rising resistance, guideline-based empirical therapy remains effective in AGPN among KTRs, with limited short-term impact. These results support targeted, ecology-conscious empirical therapy even in immunocompromised hosts and discourage routine broad-spectrum escalation based solely on resistance concerns.Les pyélonéphrites aiguës du greffon (PNAG) sont les infections bactériennes les plus fréquentes chez les transplantés rénaux (TR). L’antibiothérapie probabiliste représente un enjeu individuel et collectif majeur. Les recommandations françaises actuelles, fondées sur la population générale et datant de 15 ans, recommandent les céphalosporines de 3ième génération (C3G) pour les PNAG communautaires et la pipéracilline-tazobactam (TZP) pour les formes nosocomiales. Leur réévaluation dans la population TR semble pertinente. Nous avons conduit une étude rétrospective multicentrique incluant les TR hospitalisés pour PNAG dans le sud-ouest de la France entre 2012 et 2022. Les cas ambulatoires, séjours <24h et prélèvements extrahospitaliers initiaux ont été exclus. Nous avons étudié l’évolution de l’épidémiologie microbienne, l’antibiorésistance, la performance de l’antibiothérapie probabiliste et le pronostic à court terme (critère composite : décès, dialyse ou baisse ≥25 % du débit de filtration glomérulaire (DFG) à J30). Parmi 701 épisodes, 78,4 % étaient nosocomiaux ou associés aux soins. Les entérobactéries prédominaient (77 %), E. coli en tête (68,7 % en communautaire, 40,1 % en nosocomial). En nosocomial, la prévalence de Klebsiella pneumoniae et des entérobactéries du groupe 3 atteignait respectivement 17,7 % et ~15 %. Les taux de résistance aux C3G allaient de 6,2 % en communautaire à un maximum de 48,5 % en nosocomial (minimum : 21,9 %) ; la résistance à la TZP atteignait 14,5 %. L’échec de l’antibiothérapie probabiliste dépassait 10 % en nosocomial (vs 7,6 % en communautaire), avec une hausse depuis 2018 (pic à 13,3 %). En analyse multivariée, l’échec thérapeutique n’était pas associé au pronostic à J30, contrairement au choc septique et aux infections polymicrobiennes. Malgré l’augmentation des résistances, les traitements probabilistes guidés par les recommandations restent efficaces et n’impactent pas le pronostic à court terme. Ces résultats soutiennent une stratégie ciblée et raisonnée, y compris chez les patients immunodéprimés, sans recours systématique à des antibiotiques à large spectre