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Presentation of BSE laboratory
No full textThis film highlights the activities of the BSE laboratory, attached in particular to the INRAE Nouvelle-Aquitaine Bordeaux center.This video is part of an educational series of 21 INRAE films promoting the center's units and teams
TinyML: Accelerometer-Based Processing for Seismic Detection in Buildings
No full textInternational audienceIn disaster response scenarios, obtaining accurate and timely information about the distribution of collapsed buildings is essential. Such information can significantly contribute to saving lives in critical situations. To address this challenge, we propose a tinyML-based approach that uses accelerometer data to detect seismic activity in buildings. More precisely, we investigate supervised machine learning approaches, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Decision Tree (DT), and provide a performance comparison using the Designsafe-CI dataset to simulate seismic effects on a building. The results showed, in simulation, outperformance of kNN and DT to predict normal conditions or anomalies with an accuracy up to 98%. Based on the simulation results and considering the footprint of each model, we implemented the DT model on the STM32L476 microcontroller for the final integration and evaluated its performance on-board and studied its resource usage
Homo sapiens could have hunted with bow and arrow from the onset of the early Upper Palaeolithic in Eurasia
No full textInternational audienc
Reducing Load, Fostering Curiosity: Empirical Validation of the IMCLM-XR
No full textExtended Reality is increasingly used in education, particularly for complex domains such as neuroanatomy. While prior studies have emphasized XR's potential to enhance engagement and learning, few have empirically examined the cognitive and motivational mechanisms underlying these effects. This study introduces the Integrative Model of Cognitive Load and Motivation in XR learning (IMCLM-XR), a conceptual model linking cognitive load theory and curiosity-driven learning models to understand how XR influences learning outcomes. A total of 282 medical students were randomly assigned to a traditional video-based condition, an AR-guided drawing condition, or an interactive VR lesson. Using Bayesian structural equation modeling, results showed that both AR and VR significantly reduced extraneous cognitive load and increased intrinsic motivation, though the latter did not directly predict learning performance. Agency, enhanced in VR, was associated with greater intrinsic motivation and reduced extraneous load. Crucially, extraneous load had a strong negative effect on perceived learning progress, which in turn predicted intrinsic motivation, revealing a key mediating pathway. These findings highlight how unnecessary cognitive demands not only impair learning performance but also disrupt learners' perceptions of progress, undermining intrinsic motivation. This study advances a unified theoretical perspective by demonstrating how optimizing extraneous load in XR environments supports both cognitive efficiency and curiosity-driven learning
Perceived disabling physical pain and suicidal ideation in aging people living with HIV cured of hepatitis C: A multi‐center survey in France (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH)
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Introduction Suicidal ideation (SI) is highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PWH) and those with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Individuals with long‐term HIV–HCV co‐infection face specific health challenges, including heightened physical pain. We aimed to assess whether disabling physical pain is associated with SI in aging PWH who have been cured of HCV, after controlling for potential correlates or confounders such as depression and psychoactive substance use. Methods We analysed data from HCV‐cured PWH who participated in a multi‐center cross‐sectional survey embedded within the French ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort. We performed a multivariable logistic regression model with SI (score >0 for the ninth item of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9) as the outcome. Disabling physical pain was assessed using an answer ≥'very much' to the third item from the WHOQOL‐HIV BREF questionnaire. Results Study population comprised 396 HCV‐cured PWH (73.2% male), among whom 17.7% reported SI and 11.9% reported disabling physical pain. Participants reporting disabling physical pain had a three‐fold higher risk of SI (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 3.07 [1.29–7.34]), after adjustment for depression (5.52 [2.66–11.43]), substance use, and lower social relationships‐related quality of life (0.72 [0.64–0.80]). Conclusions These findings highlight that disabling physical pain should be systematically addressed among PWH cured of HCV, given its independent association with SI. Routine HIV follow‐up care should integrate systematic screening for pain, mental health problems, and lack of social support. Timely referral to specialized services may help prevent future suicidal behaviours in this population
Musique, émotions et climat de classe
No full textLa musique est un vecteur de bienfaits, que l'Homme est capable de percevoir dès la naissance. Dans le contexte scolaire, elle contribue à renforcer certaines capacités cognitives par son pouvoir expressif, tout en jouant un rôle essentiel dans l'interprétation et la régulation des émotions. De ce fait, elle peut constituer une ressource éducative intéressante pour l'enseignant, dans l'instauration d'un climat de classe propice aux apprentissages et au bien-être des élèves. Ce mémoire explore les relations entre musique, émotions et climat de classe, en s'appuyant sur un corpus d'études scientifiques. L'objectif est de mettre en lumière des utilisations de la musique en classe pour favoriser l'attention, la motivation ou encore la cohésion du groupe. Afin d'approfondir ces questionnements, une étude expérimentale sera menée en cycle 3 à travers des séances et des activités d'écoutes musicales spécifiquement sélectionnées. L'analyse des résultats permettra d'évaluer l'impact de ces pratiques sur le climat de classe et d'envisager des applications concrètes dans le cadre de l'enseignement
Activity screening of Pt-CeO2 gradient films prepared by bipolar electrochemistry for electrooxidation reactions
No full textInternational audienceGlassy carbon electrodes were modified with a CeO2 film and Pt nanoparticles (Pt-CeO2) for electrocatalysis. Interestingly, the oxidation of benzyl alcohol was significantly enhanced when Pt-CeO2 films were prepared by the simultaneous electrodeposition of the two materials, indicating a significant synergistic electrocatalytic activity. Subsequently, bipolar electrochemistry was employed to prepare Pt-CeO2 gradient films. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was employed for studying local electrochemical properties at liquid/solid interfaces. SECM allowed mapping the local electrochemical performance of the Pt-CeO2 gradient films for benzyl alcohol oxidation, showing that the reaction rate is proportional to the local Pt-CeO2 surface coverage. Therefore, Pt-CeO2 deposits with different densities along the bipolar electrode offer tunable catalytic performances for benzyl alcohol oxidation. This allows identifying in a fast and straightforward way the optimal conditions for electrocatalytic processes in a more general sense because the approach, illustrated here with one specific reaction, can be easily generalized to other catalytically active surfaces
Looking for needles in a haystack: AI assisted detection of foraminifera in CT-scanned sedimentary cores
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Analyse rétrospective de l'impact de la réunion de concertation pluridisciplinaire dédiée à la sclérodermie systémique au CHU de Bordeaux : caractéristiques initiales et suivi à un an
No full textIntroduction : la sclérodermie systémique est une maladie auto-immune rare, hétérogène, associée à une morbi-mortalité élevée. Les recommandations actuelles ne répondent pas à toutes les interrogations thérapeutiques. Dans ce contexte, la réunion de concertation pluridisciplinaire (RCP) sclérodermie systémique du centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux a été créée en 2015. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer rétrospectivement la conformité de la RCP avec les critères obligatoires, l’adéquation des prises en charge avec les référentiels disponibles, leur application par les cliniciens, ainsi que le devenir des patients à 1 an. Matériels et méthodes : étude observationnelle rétrospective multicentrique incluant les patients présentés en RCP entre septembre 2017 et décembre 2023. Résultats : durant cette période, 55 RCP ont eu lieu, discutant 189 dossiers correspondant à 131 patients. Une décision thérapeutique était formulée pour 2/3 d’entre eux. Les principales indications étaient l’atteinte pulmonaire (107 cas), cutanée (41), articulaire (32) et l’Hypertension Pulmonaire (http) (29). Les critères obligatoires d’une RCP étaient respectés. Sur 105 propositions concernant des prises en charge codifiées, 87 (82,9%) sont conformes aux recommandations. Pour les situations non codifiées, l’adéquation variait de 100% à 37,5%. Les propositions ont été appliquées dans 92,1% des cas ; leur non-suivi était associé à un pronostic significativement plus péjoratif. Le taux de décès ou de prise en charge palliative à 1 an atteignait 14,5%. Conclusion : la RCP sclérodermie systémique constitue un outil central régional, respectant les critères de qualité. Ses propositions, majoritairement suivies, influencent le pronostic. La sévérité des atteintes justifie leur discussion spécialisée
The animal that remembers: Nietzsche’s historical anthropology
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, I explore Nietzsche’s specific contribution to historical anthropology, an expression by which I designate an anthropology focused on the relationship of the human being to history. Why human beings have a history, in the sense of events and narrative? Why are human beings, unlike other animals it seems, historical animals? After clarifying the meaning of the anthropological question in Nietzsche’s thought (I), I begin by questioning the clear-cut opposition, which the philosopher puts forward in § 1 of the Second untimely meditation, between the historicity of human beings, who are the animals that remember, and the unhistoricity of other animals, who are supposed to live in oblivion (II). What are the sources of this thesis? To what extent is it defensible? I argue that, at the stage of the Second untimely meditation, human historicity remains partly an enigma. In the second part of this study, I look for further answers in the later corpus: in Beyond good and evil, with the idea that humans are the still undetermined animals (III), and in On the genealogy of morality, according to which they are animals that can promise (IV). How do these two theses complement Nietzschean historical anthropology