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The Future of China-Africa Relations: Hydrocarbons China-Algeria Cooperation and Geopolitical Issues in the Belt and Road Initiative Global Context
No full textInternational audienceSino-Algerian relations are historical and date back to the time of Mao Zedong. Thus, China and Algeria are indeed old friends. Moreover, China under Mao regarded Algeria as the linchpin of the anti-colonial and anti-imperialist struggle in Africa.After the end of the Algerian civil war, China’s economic presence in Algeria has increased, as much as it has throughout the wider Middle East and Africa continents, more precisely since 2014, when the two countries signed an agreement of a “comprehensive strategic partnership”, aiming to strengthen economic cooperation. Chinese presence in Algeria has been expanding, topping the first place as Algeria’s partner and displacing France from its pedestal. This investment affects all sectors, including hydrocarbons, which represents the largest Chinese investment aimed at securing China’s hydrocarbon supply. Nevertheless, Chinese participation in the development of this sector, especially in the exploration of new deposits, is an important point for Algeria.The aim of this chapter is to highlight the nature of Algerian-Chinese cooperation, especially in the field of hydrocarbons, to understand its strategic dimensions and reveal the horizons and future of this cooperation in light of a continental and international environment characterized by instability and change
Urban-rural linkages and the (re)emergence of territorial approaches and policies
No full textInternational audienceUrban-rural linkages and territorial approaches have reignited interest in the benefits of strengthening the urban, peri-urban and rural nexus. This chapter demonstrates how, from global and regional to local levels, various initiatives, agendas, programmes and projects have been developed to anchor the importance of inclusive and sustainable development with the aim to ‘leave no one and no place behind’. Through literature review, this chapter examines global trends to understand why and how urban-rural linkages have re-emerged strongly in recent years. It then reviews several high-level engagements and commitments as well as key multilateral and bilateral actors and other stakeholders who are championing urban-rural linkages and territorial approaches. The chapter discusses how this myriad of efforts culminated in the multi-actor co-development of the ‘Urban-Rural Linkages: Guiding Principles and Framework for Action to Advance Integrated Territorial Development’ . Using selected case studies, the chapter draws out the gains and shortcomings of integrating urban-rural linkages into policies and practices. The chapter concludes with key lessons learned and recommendations to strengthen policy and practice for more inclusive and sustainable territorial development
Actes des journées d'étude 'Failles haïtiennes'
No full textInternational audienceThe “Failles haïtiennes” workshop place on November 16 and 17, 2023 at Sciences Po Bordeaux (on the Pessac campus). These days were organized by the Les Afriques dans le Monde laboratory (LAM, UMR 5115) and the ANR OSMOSE (tOward a multi-stakeholder Socio-seisMological Observation network for Seismic risk rEduction in Haiti) directed by Eric Calais. OSMOSE is an interdisciplinary socioseismology project that brings together researchers in Haiti and France around the theme of earthquakes. Several disciplines are represented: seismologists, geologists, philosophers, sociologists, anthropologists... Following the fruitful exchanges, we proposed to the speakers to publish their interventions in “Actes”. They reworked what they had to say, and you can now read their work (summary below). We have restored the order of the sessions and speakers in this online issue.Les journées d'étude « Failles haïtiennes » ont eu lieu le 16 et 17 novembre 2023 à Sciences Po Bordeaux (sur le campus de Pessac). Ces journées étaient organisées par le laboratoire Les Afriques dans le Monde (LAM, UMR 5115) et l'ANR OSMOSE (tOward a multi-stakeholder Socio-seisMological Observation network for Seismic risk rEduction in Haiti) dirigée par Eric Calais. OSMOSE est un projet interdisciplinaire de socio-sismologie qui réunit de chercheurs en Haïti et en France autour de la thématique des séismes. Plusieurs disciplines sont représentées : sismologues, géologues, philosophes, sociologues, anthropologues… Suite aux échanges fructueux, nous avons proposé aux intervenant de publier leurs interventions dans des « Actes ». Ils ont donc retravaillé leurs propos et vous pouvez maintenant lire leur travail (sommaire ci-dessous). Nous avons restitué l’ordre des sessions et des intervenants dans ce numéro en ligne
« Les ports de Sinope, acteurs des échanges de la cité dans l’Antiquité »
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Le nord de l'Anatolie. Identités et territoires de l'Antiquité à nos jours
No full textInternational audienceLe nord de l’Anatolie correspond aux rivages septentrionaux de l’actuelle Turquie, bordés par la mer Noire, et à leur arrière-pays. L’annexion de la Crimée en 2014 et l’invasion de l’Ukraine le 24 février 2022 par la Russie ont montré l’enjeu stratégique que représente encore la mer Noire, tant d’un point de vue politique que commercial et sécuritaire. L’ouvrage vise à faire découvrir une région mal connue. Il expose comment la côte sud de la mer Noire a été un territoire stratégique dès l’Antiquité, avec la question de la colonisation grecque et du commerce du blé à travers les détroits du Bosphore et des Dardanelles, la question des dominations romaine, byzantine et turque, et l’intérêt des puissances étrangères comme Venise, Gênes, la France et l’Allemagne entre le xiiie et le xixe siècle. Au xxe siècle, cette région multiethnique a été, comme d’autres régions de Turquie, le théâtre d’effacement de populations par expulsion ou élimination collectives entre 1915 et 1923.En raison de son histoire riche et complexe, mais aussi de sa géographie originale et de ses paysages très verts, le nord de l’Anatolie a une identité culturelle bien marquée qui alimente la création littéraire et la culture populaire : les blagues de la mer Noire sont aussi célèbres en Turquie que les blagues belges en France
Circumventing the “Sovereignization” of the Russian Internet. Toward an Infrastructure-Based Sociology of Digital Sovereignty and Its Resistances in Russia
No full textInternational audienceThe chapter undertakes an infrastructure-based sociology of the Russian Internet (RuNet), focusing on the technical devices and assets involved in surveillance and censorship, and on the strategies of resistance and circumvention “by infrastructure” that follow
Afrofuturisme et afroféminisme : Josèfa Ntjam au croisement des généalogies littéraires
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Perspectives criminologiques. Regards croisés sur les apports et l'héritage de la réflexion de Michel Foucault sur les prisons
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How do older and young adults search for information during websites navigation: effects of prior domain knowledge and problem complexity
No full textInternational audienceThe study examined age-related differences in behavioural and ocular strategies to search for information during web navigation within a website as a function of prior domain knowledge (high level vs low level) of users and search problem complexity (simple vs difficult problems). 23 older adults and 20 young adults had to answer ten search problems in two domain knowledge within two experimental websites (one for each domain): health and fantasy movies. In each domain, participants had to complete three simple problems (the main words of the instructions corresponded to links on the menu bar) and seven complex problems (the main words in the instructions were not present in the menu bar, so participants had to infer the relevant categories from the menu bar to find the information). Results showed that older and young adults adopt different strategies for searching for information through a specific website. Prior domain knowledge helped older adults improve navigation using more relevant navigational paths, improving time spent on relevant pages and reducing the number of areas visually explored on the website. By contrast, young adults adopted the same search strategies regardless of the task complexity and the level of prior knowledge domain required by the task
