Al-Shajarah Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC)
Not a member yet
377 research outputs found
Sort by
ENHANCING THE HOUSE PRICE INDEX MODEL IN MALAYSIA TOWARDS A MAQASID SHARIAH PERSPECTIVE: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Get PDFThis study seeks to investigate the determinants of the existing houseprice index in Malaysia. House price index (HPI) is a statistical toolthat measures changes in prices of residential houses. In Malaysia,house price index is made available in 1997 by the National PropertyInformation Center (NAPIC). Having reviewed the current model ofMHPI, it is currently found that this index is constructed based onthe demand driven variables. Previous literature has discussed thatthe construction of house price index should also include themacroeconomic factors (income levels, interest rates, labor market)and supply factors. Hence, this study aims to offer evidence on thedeterminants of the HPI. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag model(ARDL) is adopted to explore the short and long-run dynamicsbetween the variables. The data used in this study consists ofquarterly data ranging from 2008 to 2015. The results suggest thatsupply and institutional factors are significant in determining HPI.Hence, we propose a new enhanced house price index which isinclusive of new demand and supply variables. This paper mayprovide evidences for the involved parties to have some policyramifications to further monitor and take appropriate measures tocontrol the property prices
COMPARATIVE SHARI’AH GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK IN SELECTED MUSLIM COUNTRIES
Get PDFShari’ah compliance is the fundamental distinguishing featurebetween conventional and Islamic financial system. If Islamicfinancial institutions do not comply by the rules prescribed inShari’ah, then there is no difference between conventional andIslamic financial institutions. Due to the paramount importance ofShari’ah compliance, regulatory authorities and Islamic financialinstitutions should focus on the Shari’ah governance framework.Different countries follow different Shari’ah governance framework,but everyone agrees with the importance of Shari’ah compliance andShari’ah governance framework. This paper focuses on thecross-country comparison of different frameworks of Shari’ahgovernance namely Pakistan, Malaysia, Turkey, Indonesia andKingdom of Saudi Arabia. These five Muslim countries are selectedon the basis of growing focus of the governments on Islamic financeand penetration of Islamic finance in the current financial system.This paper is based on qualitative research and uses secondarysources of data. The objective is to show that the Shari’ahgovernance frameworks implemented by central banks in differentcountries varies from country to country and all the regulatoryauthorities have designed Shari’ah governance framework for theIslamic financial institutions. Some countries have a very rigorousand strong Shari’ah governance framework like Malaysia andPakistan. Whereas the new entrants in Islamic finance industry likeTurkey is focusing on establishing a strong and resilient Shari’ahgovernance framework. The research shows that there is need forcontinuous improvement of the Shari’ah governance frameworkacross the countries. There is demand for a standardized Shari’ahgovernance framework across the world but there are severalchallenges in order to establish a unified Shari’ah governanceframework for Islamic financial institutions across the world
MUSLIM MIGRATION TO THE WEST: THE CASE OF THE MUSLIM MINORITY IN INDIA
No full textInternational migration has drawn much attention from social scientists in recent decades and large-scale migration has become a permanent and substantive part of global socio-economic development. There are many kinds of migration, from refugees to skilled migrants. The migration of highly skilled people from developing to developed countries is known as the brain drain, a form of diaspora based on high education, skills and talents that has been a major point of discussion among different disciplines in the social sciences. India has a very long history of high-skilled migration, being one of the top three sources of migration today. This paper aims to reveal the Muslim brain drain among Indian Muslims since the abolition of ‘License Raj’ in 1990. To understand the patterns of brain drain among Indian Muslims, literature searches were conducted to obtain relevant data in two ways: (1) describing the nature and consequences of brain drain on both home and host countries; and (2) delineating the push-pull factors that lead high skilled individuals to migrate to developed countries. The findings revealed that many Muslims from India have migrated to UK and US over the last three decades. Indian Muslims constitute a very considerable proportion of population in the above-mentioned countries, with a net population of about 200,000 in the UK, and in the US 4% of the total Muslim population are Indian Muslims. Indian Muslim brain drain is driven more by push-factors in India, including religious discrimination and corruption in the public sector, alongside pull-factors in the West, like political stability, economic development, better career opportunity, high wages and balanced workload. Finally, the study indicates that data available on brain drain from various aspects are insufficient. More studies are needed to increase the understanding of migration, which is now becoming more complex among the Muslim communities
THE CRISIS ON THE BORDER OF TURKEY: AN ANALYSIS OF SYRIAN REFUGEES’ EDUCATION, SHELTER AND HEALTHCARE
No full textThe year 2011 witnessed a series of social movements against ingrained authoritarian regimes in the Arab world, starting in Tunisia. At least 500,000 people, lost their lives in the internal turmoil that started in Syria on 15 March 2011, when the belated local version of the ‘Arab Spring’ escalated into a violent civil war. In this period, 13.5 million people became in need of dire help in Syria, which has a net population of 20 million. Of 6.3 million people who were displaced, 4.9 million sought refuge in neighboring countries. The first known group to escape Turkey was identified on 29th April 2011, when a group of 250 people crossed the border to seek refuge in the Yayladağı district of Hatay. The Turkish Government described passing people as “guests” in the statement made on the same day and announced that the borders would continue open for these “guests” fleeing persecution and war, vouchsafing that their basic needs would be met in Turkey and that no one would be forcefully sent back. As the number of refugees from Syria increased, camps started to open in different districts of Hatay and then in other provinces along the long Syrian border. Food, healthcare, security, social activities, education, religious activities, and other services are provided by the Disaster and Emergency Management Authority (AFAD), public institutions and organizations and the Turkish Red Crescent in these camps. This study, based on the reports and documents of the official institutions and related literature, seeks to determine sheltering, healthcare and education services, defined as the basic human needs provided by Turkey to the Syrian refugees, from the first day to the present situation, and identifies ways to improve them
GENOCIDE OF ROHINGYA MUSLIMS: A CLASSICAL MODEL OF ETHNIC CLEANSING
No full textConsiderable historical evidence affirms that the Rohingya Muslims are indigenous inhabitants and rightful citizens of Myanmar, who have been living in Rakhine State not for decades, but for centuries. The Myanmar government has been systematically eradicating the Rohingya people due to their Islamic religious identity. This analysis finds that the ongoing persecution on Rohingya Muslims is a manifestation of a classical model of ethnic cleansing. The disasters experienced in Rakhine State present a complete evidence of systematic, widespread and prolific human rights violations, including heinous crimes against humanity. This article presents an academic perspective on repeated incidents, based on authentic proofs to international community of ethnic cleansing committed by the Myanmar army. This research has been carried out through various types of sources, such as recent and previously published books, articles, local and international newspapers, TV channels, magazines, documentaries, human rights organizations’ reports, and eye-witness accounts of the victims. Finally, it provides suggestions to resolve the rising problems, which may bring a permanent solution to the long-lasting humanitarian crisis in Rakhine State
ISLAMIZATION IN SINJAI IN THE 17TH CENTURY: THE ARRIVAL OF ISLAM AND SOCIAL CHANGE
No full textThis study aims at describing the arrival of Islam in the form of Islamization that resulted in socio-political and cultural change in Sinjai Society. It is examines the role of the authorities who collaborate with Islamic scholars in the process of Islamization in Sinjai. This study involved qualitative research, and the data comprised both oral and written sources. The oral sources were conducted through interviews with several people who were considered to have required competence and trustworthiness. Written sources were derived from Lontara manuscripts, books and reports of the results of previous studies, articles, and internet websites. The research found that the arrival of Islam in Sinjai originated in three regions. The first was the East region in Tiro in which Abdul Jawad Khatib Bungsu or Datuk ri Tiro stayed in his mission to spread Islam in the southern area of South Sulawesi. The second was the West region in Gowa in which Abdul Makmur Khatib Tunggal or Datuk ri Bandang stayed to teach and spread Islam. The third was North region in which Laming or Wali Pute, the person who delivered Islamic teachings from Pompanua-Bone, came to spread Islam, especially in the Kingdom of Lamatti. There was the process in arrival of Islam in Sinjai society, however, it was not necessarily directly accepted, especially by the authorities. The authorities conducted process of the arrival of Islam through public figures from 1604 to 1607. The arrival and the spread of Islam led to sara' (Islamic law) as an integral part of pangngadereng (customary law). Therefore, the regulations of South Sulawesi society in Sinjai acquired a new framework, where sara' influenced behavior and social life. The adherence of society to sara' was due to the presence of Islam, which affected values, social norms, and culture from what previously existed. Islam altered the cultural aspects of society, since upon the arrival of Islam, the Ulama (the Islamic scholars) focused on faith and the truth of monotheism
THE CURRICULUM OF ISLAMIC STUDIES AND ISLAMIC STUDIES EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITIES
No full textIslamic studies or religious instruction is a subject that is taughtthroughout primary and secondary schooling, a period of abouttwelve years to Muslim students in Malaysia. This testifies itsimportance for the preservation of the Islamic tradition and as aprecursor of change within the Muslim mind and soul. Islamicstudies when properly taught, provides a great opportunity totransform Muslims’ lives especially in the era of globalization that isfilled with challenges including the spread of Islamophobia. Thisarticle argues that this transformation is only possible if thecurriculum of Islamic studies and Islamic studies educationprograms, which produce the teachers of Islamic studies, are soundand take into account the contemporary situation. Two importantelements that are crucial in meeting the challenge of globalizationand are consistent with the aims of higher Islamic studies areintellectualism and relevance of the Programs. Hence, this articleexamines the curriculum of higher Islamic Studies program in threeuniversities and that of an Islamic Study teacher preparationprogram in Malaysia for their adequacy in generating Islamicintellectualism and relevance in the context of globalization. Thearticle found that the Islamic Studies Programs at the universitiesare still traditional, although some changes have been made in order to stay relevant. But the programs still lack the ingredient ofintellectualism due to its pedagogical approach. The article proposessome changes in the curriculum for its improvement
HIERARCHY OF 7M-TEACHER-LEADER FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES
No full textThe main aim of the study is to analyze the hierarchy ofteacher-leader from Islamic perspectives stipulated in the Al-Quran,As-Sunnah of the Prophet () the deeds of Companions, as well aspractices of previous and contemporary Muslim Scholars. Theframework of the study is based on Islamic literature on teachers aseducator and leader composed from various sources includingestablished journals, books, articles, and, main-stream documents.The study revealed that the teacher has important tasks in developingstudents’ academic achievements and guiding their spiritual growth.The function is not merely in instructing and training students in theprescribed subject and skill but he has to act as a model andinculcate in his students the norms of behavior and values prescribedin Islam within and beyond the four walls of the classroom. Teacheris responsible for increasing virtues and removing evils of thesociety. The existence of teachers is a surety of educational andmoral values in the society and lead them to the enlightenment offuture generation prosperous in physical, emotion, spiritual,intellectual, socialization, environment, and, servant of Allah. Agreat quality of a teacher is truth-uttering. In this respect, Islamsuggests a comprehensive the 7M-Hierarchy of teacher-leadercomprises Mudarris - Teacher, Mu`addib – Role-Model, MurabbÊ -Educator, Murshid - Guidance, MuÑallim - Expert, Mujtahid-Decision Maker, and, Mujaddid – Transformational Leader
FIGHTING CORRUPTION THROUGH EDUCATION IN INDONESIA AND HONG KONG: COMPARISONS OF POLICIES, STRATEGIES, AND PRACTICES
No full textThis study sought to compare the policies, strategies, practices and challenges of anti-corruption education (ACE) in formal education in Hong Kong and Indonesia. Data were collected through documentation, semi-structured interviews, and non-participant observations. The documents were analysed using Document Analysis tehnique, while data from interviews and observation were analyzed through the Constan Comparison method. The findings show that Indonesian ACE policies explicitly aim at formal education, while in Hong Kong they are part of prevention measures on educating the public of the evil of corruption. Both top-down and self-initiated ACE concurrently exist in Indonesia,while in Hong Kong it is mostly initiated by the Independendent Comission Against Corruption (ICAC). ACE in schools, in both contexts, includes curricular, extra and co-curricular strategies. The curricular ACE in Indonesia takes a considerable portion of the curriculum. Strong committment and preserverence for ACE seemed to characterize Indonesian informants of the institutions where ACE was self-initiated. Both Hong Kong and Indonesian informants expressed concern as regard the gap between ACE values taught to students in formal education and what they actually live in the society, and how best to present ACE in a way that appeals to the students
THE EFFECT OF STUDENT’S EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON SELF-LEADERSHIP IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY
No full textThis study aims to investigate using quantitative approach the effect of student’s emotional intelligence on self-leadership among Malaysian and international students in Malaysian public university. It also strives to examine whether student nationality plays a significant moderating role between emotional intelligence and self-leadership with 171 local and international students surveyed. Structural Equation Model through SmartPLS was used to know the effect and moderation. Findings of this study reported the direct-effect of student EQ on self-leadership and found significant moderation effect of student nationality between EQ (self-management) on self-leadership. The findings of this study were discussed and some suggestions, recommendations and implications were made for future studies’ investigations and practices