Intellectual Discourse (Journal)
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Religion and language in the transformation of education in northern Nigeria during British colonial rule, 1900-1960
Get PDFThis study discusses the vital roles that religion and language played in the transition and transformation of education in northern Nigeria during British colonial rule, 1900-1960. It traces the history of early contacts between European explorers and traders with the people of northern Nigeria and the Sokoto Caliphate before the establishment of colonial rule. In particular, the study discusses the colonial administration’s policies on religion and language and how they were used as instruments of power and social stability. It probes the effectiveness of the Lugardian policy of non-interference in religious affairs in which Qurʾanic schools and missionary schools were left to function independently to serve the interests of the colonial government. It also explores the issue of language, especially of writing Hausa and other Nigerian languages in Arabic script, called Ajami which was scrapped by the British colonial administration and its effects on the Islamic religious education and mass adult literacy in northern Nigeria
International conference on Islam in Asia and Oceania: Historical, cultural and global perspectives
Get PDFThe application of critical thinking in the process of jarḥ wa-taʿdīl in the science of ḥadīth
Get PDFThe process of critical thinking could be employed in evaluating the strength and weakness of any argument. As regards jarḥ wa-taʿdīl (impugnment and validation), muḥaddithūn (scholars of ḥadīth) examine the reliability and trustworthiness of the transmitters to establish the acceptability of their report as being attributed to Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.). Jarḥ wa-taʿdīl, which constitutes the criticism of the chain of transmitters and textual criticism, is regarded as the first part of ḥadīth criticism. This study analyses the elements of critical thinking in differentiating between fact and opinion, author bias rhetoric, comparing and contrasting, judgment and logical conclusion, etc., whereby these elements are crucial to determine the reliability and trustworthiness of narrators of ḥadīth. Moreover, it discusses the application of these techniques as propounded by the muḥaddithūn in jarḥ wa-taʿdīl
Classifying and explaining democracy in the Muslim world
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to classify and explain democracies in the 47 Muslim countries between the years 1998 and 2008 by using liberties and elections as independent variables. Specifically focusing on the context of the Muslim world, this study examines the performance of civil liberties and elections, variation of democracy practised the most, the elections, civil liberties and democratic transitions and patterns that followed. Based on the quantitative data primarily collected from Freedom House, this study demonstrates the following aggregate findings: first, the “not free not fair” elections, the “limited” civil liberties and the “Illiberal Partial Democracy” were the dominant feature of elections, civil liberties and democracy practised in the Muslim world; second, a total of 413 Muslim regimes out of 470 (47 regimes x 10 years) remained the same as their democratic origin points, without any transitions to a better or worse level of democracy, throughout these 10 years; and third, a slow, yet steady positive transition of both elections and civil liberties occurred in the Muslim world with changes in the nature of elections becoming much more progressive compared to the civil liberties’ transitions
