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Evaluation of artificial intelligence in thoracic surgery internship education: accuracy and usability of AI-generated exam questions
No full textAims: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness and reliability of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in thoracic surgery internship education and exam preparation. Methods: Claude Sonnet 3.7 AI was provided with core topics covered in the 5th-year thoracic surgery internship and was instructed to generate a 20-question multiple-choice exam, including an answer key. Four thoracic surgery specialists assessed the AI-generated questions using the Delphi panel method, classifying them as correct, minor error, or major error. Major errors included the absence of the correct answer among choices, incorrect AI-marked answers, or contradictions with established medical knowledge. A second exam was manually created by a thoracic surgery specialist and evaluated using the same methodology. Seven volunteer 5th-year medical students completed both exams, and the correlation between their scores was statistically analyzed. Results: Among AI-generated questions, 8 (40%) contained major errors, while 1 (5%) had a minor error. The expert-generated exam had a perfect accuracy rate, whereas the AI-generated exam had significantly lower accuracy (p=0.001). Median scores were 75 (67-100) for the AI exam and 85 (70-95) for the expert exam. No significant correlation was found between students’ scores (r=0.042, p=0.929). Conclusion: AI-generated questions had a high error rate (40% major, 5% minor), making them unreliable for unsupervised use in medical education. While AI may provide partial benefits under expert supervision, it currently lacks the accuracy required for independent implementation in thoracic surgery education.https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1660603https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jhsm/issue/92158/166060
Determination of Science Teachers' Level of Relationship with School Guidance and Psychological Counseling Service
No full textThe purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of science teachers, who are class guidance teachers, towards the Psychological Counseling and Guidance service and the services provided by this service in schools within the framework of the theory of planned behavior. According to the theory of planned behavior, attitude towards behavior, perceived behavioral control, subjective values and intention are effective in the emergence of a behavior. In this respect, it is suggested that determining teachers' attitudes towards Psychological Counseling and Guidance (PCG) services, perception of behavioral control, subjective values and norms, and working habits consisting of their intentions regarding the services offered in the organizational structure can affect their organizational decisions. In this context, the variables of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, which are considered within the scope of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), were qualitatively evaluated. The data to be used in the study were obtained by applying an interview form containing open-ended questions to 15 teachers working in schools. The data obtained were qualitatively evaluated with descriptive statistics method. As a result, it was determined that the majority of the science teachers had a high level of support from the guidance service, especially in helping students through the reports prepared by the guidance service, cooperating with families, getting to know students and contributing to the solution of problems. In addition, it was concluded that teachers coordinate with the school guidance and counseling service and expect to maintain this relationship, and that the guidance service is important in terms of facilitating their work while carrying out activities. However, it was concluded that teachers were reluctant and inadequate in developing themselves in order to be effective in the field of guidance and counseling services and that they did not do the necessary work.https://doi.org/10.14686/buefad.1386302https://hdl.handle.net/11772/2337
Determination of Shear Resistance and Shear Energy of Kastamonu Taşköprü Garlic
No full textKastamonu Taşköprü garlic is known all over the world. Its distinctiveness has been demonstrated in terms of its sharp aroma and high nutritional content, and it received a geographical indication in 2009. It is the first agricultural product that comes to mind that reminds Kastamonu. Kastamonu alone meets 20% of Türkiye's garlic production. A very large amount of the garlic produced is marketed in the form of hand-tied, and thousands of tons of Taşköprü garlic are sold in markets and supermarkets, reaching consumers nationwide. Products in the form of chips, granules, and powder obtained by drying garlic also increase their shelf life. For the drying process to be short and economical, garlic must be sliced and thinned. This study investigates the shear resistance and energy parameters critical for designing garlic-slicing machines. Humidity, peeled-unpeeled and clove size variables were examined in; as a result, in the average humidity of 62.7-59.3%, the maximum shear force in unpeeled garlic was 22.69 N, the shear energy was 248.9 Nmm, the shear stress was 0.165 N/mm2, and in peeled garlic, the maximum shear force was 17.03 N, the shear energy was 148.95 Nmm, the shear stress was 0.105 N/mm2. It was also observed that smaller garlic clove cross-sections exhibited greater hardness.https://doi.org/10.55385/kastamonujes.1682428https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kastamonujes/issue/92719/168242
Harmonising progress: assessing the impact of economic freedom, economic growth, urbanisation and environmental protection expenditures on load capacity in selected European Union countries
No full textAbstract This study investigates the relationships between the load capacity factor and urbanization, environmental protection expenditures, economic freedom and economic growth in the European Union from 1996 to 2021. The main motivation is the need for sustainable policies that reduce environmental degradation while promoting economic development. The analysis is conducted with empirical methods such as common correlated effects and augmented mean group using panel data from 24 European Union Countries. The results show that urbanization increases load capacity and can support sustainable practices when well managed. The impact of spending on environmental protection varies across countries, improving environmental quality in some regions but being counterproductive in others. The relationship between economic freedom and growth is complex; economic growth increases environmental pressure, emphasizing the need for green technologies. This highlights the need for sustainable development.. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-025-01088-8https://doaj.org/article/4a75dcc6b7274de9880ed1177a531be
The disease burden of earlier and late‐onset rheumatoid arthritis on depression and related geriatric syndromes
No full textAbstractPurposeThis study aims to compare the prevalence of depression and related geriatric syndromes in earlier‐onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) patients, who have experienced prolonged inflammation and medication use, with those with late‐onset rheumatoid arthritis (LORA) patients, who often present with an acute and severe course.MethodsIn this multidisciplinary study, patients with EORA and LORA aged 60 and over who were referred to a tertiary rheumatology clinic underwent a geronto‐rheumatologic evaluation. Muscle mass and handgrip strength, cognitive function, nutritional status, Fried frailty index, fall history, gait speed, depression according to Geriatric Depression Scale and Insomnia Severity Index were recorded. The disease characteristics and geriatric syndromes were compared in the two groups. The regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between depression and related variables.ResultsThe mean age of the 129 patients (F:M ratio = 4.15; comprising 64 EORA and 65 LORA) was 67.42 ± 5.18 years. The prevalence of depression, undernutrition, and frailty was observed in 36.4% (47; 129), 41.08% (53; 129), and 47.3% (61; 129), respectively. Patients with EORA presented with a significantly higher prevalence of female gender (87.7% vs. 73.4%, P = 0.033), depression (47.7% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.006), low gait speed (50.0% vs. 32.8%, P = 0.036) and polypharmacy (83.1% vs. 64.1% vs. P = 0.012) compared to patients with LORA. In the regression analysis, insomnia and undernutrition were significantly related to depression (OR: 3.29; 95%Cl: 1.41–7.69, P = 0.006, and OR: 3.03; 95% Cl: 1.33–7.03, P = 0.010, respectively).ConclusionDepression is more prevalent, particularly in patients with EORA, and is associated with malnutrition and insomnia in patients with RA. Thus, geronto‐rheumatologic evaluation should be taken into account in RA management.https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.13235https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3976318
A comprehensive study of phrotic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) related to bark beetles in Northern Turkey, introducing new findings
No full text<title>Abstract</title> <p>In the Kastamonu forests of Turkey's Black Sea Region, researchers collected 11 mite species from the Mesostigmata group associated with <italic>Ips sexdentatus</italic> (Börner), <italic>Ips acuminatus</italic> (Gyllenhal), and <italic>Tomicus piniperda</italic> (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), as well as within their galleries. Among these, species such as <italic>Ameroseius longitrichus</italic> Hirschmann, 1963; <italic>Cercoleipus kuznetsovi</italic> Khaustov, 1997; <italic>Dendrolaelaps quadrisetosimilis</italic> Hirschmann, 1960; <italic>Dendrolaelaps quadrisetus</italic> Berlese, 1920; <italic>Hypoaspis maryamae</italic> Joharchi &amp; Halliday, 2011; <italic>Lasioseius ometes</italic> Oudemans, 1903; <italic>Pleuronectocelaeno barbara</italic> Athias-Henriot, 1959; <italic>Proctolaelaps hystrix</italic> Vitzthum, 1923; <italic>Schizocyrtillus rarus</italic> Khaustov, 2000 and <italic>Stratiolaelaps scimitus</italic> Womersley, 1956 were reported for the first time in Turkey.</p>https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6466454/v
Comparison of the Effects of 20 W and 40 W Electrocautery Power on Postoperative Pain Following Internal Thoracic Artery Harvesting in Coronary Bypass Surgery
No full textPURPOSE: After coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), patients may experience pain and numbness in the anterior chest wall. These symptoms can negatively impact patients’ quality of life and overall cardiac surgery satisfaction. This study investigates the effect of monopolar electrocautery output power, for hemostasis in the remaining internal thoracic wall after harvesting of the Internal Thoracic Artery (ITA), on postoperative pain in the anterior chest wall. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This paper examined 100 patients who had ITA harvesting during CABG in a Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic. Patients who were able to comply with postoperative pain tests and had sufficient mental and visual capacity were included in the study. In Group 1 (n: 50) patient, after the ITA was harvested, hemostasis was performed with 20 watt cautery power on the inner wall of the thorax. In Group 2 (n: 50) patients, hemostasis was performed with 40 watt electrocautery power. It was investigated whether there was a difference between these two groups in terms of postoperative drainage amounts and pain in the anterior chest wall with Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). RESULTS: No statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 regarding demographic data and postoperative drainage amounts. However, in Group 1, in patients who hemostasis performed in the inner wall of the thorax with a low cautery power of 20 watts, postoperative pain was statistically significantly lower than in Group 2 in terms of BPS and VAS. CONCLUSION: After harvesting of the ITA, hemostasis of the thoracic wall with 20 watt low cautery power does not affect the postoperative drainage. Additionally, these patients experience less postoperative pain due to less thermal damage after CABG. Furthermore, lower postoperative pain levels may reduce treatment costs by reducing analgesic requirements and intensive care duration.https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s533349http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S53334
Karadeniz’de Bir Uğrak Yeri: Araç’ta Nüfus ve Yerleşim (1487-1582)
No full textAnadolu’da kurulmuş en eski yerleşim merkezlerinden biri olan Araç, ilkçağlardan itibaren çeşitli medeniyetlere ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Türklerin bölgeye yerleşmeye başlamasıyla birlikte de bir Türk yurdu haline gelmiş, Çobanoğluları ve Candaroğulları beyliklerinin kurulduğu coğrafyada yer almıştır. En nihayetinde 15. yüzyılda Osmanlı hâkimiyetine giren Araç, idarî olarak kaza statüsünde Kastamonu Sancağı’na bağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 15. ve 16. yüzyıllarda şehir tarihi çalışmalarının ana kaynağı olan tahrir defterlerine göre Araç’ta nüfus ve yerleşim unsurları değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın ana kaynağını Kastamonu Sancağı’nda yapılan tahrirler sonucunda düzenlenen 1487 ile 1582 tarihli mufassal tahrir defterleri ile 1501/02 ile 1580 tarihli müsellem tahrir defterleri oluşturmaktadır. Defterlerin içeriğinden hareketle Araç’ta kent ve kırsal iskân sahaları ile nüfus hareketleri ele alınacaktır. Çalışma boyunca kır iskân sahalarının öne çıktığı bu coğrafyada köyler ve mezralar, müsellem çiftlikleri, Yörükler ve bunların kullandıkları yaylak ve kışlaklar ile madenci cemaati hakkında genel bir çerçeve ortaya konulacaktır. Bu yolla aynı zamanda bahsi geçen yüzyıl içindeki değişim mukayeseli olarak anlatılacaktır. Makalenin kent ve bölge tarihi çalışmalarına katkı sunabileceği düşünülmektedir.https://doi.org/10.38155/ksbd.148365
Structural, Morphological, Thermal, and Photophysical Insights into a Highly Fluorescent Symmetrically Functionalized Perylene Diimide
No full texthttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-025-04539-
2023 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programının Eğitim Felsefeleri Açısından İncelenmesi
No full textAraştırmada, eğitim felsefelerinin program geliştirme sürecindeki öneminden yola çıkılarak 2023 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın (SBDÖP) özel hedefleri, temel becerileri, değerleri, uygulanmasında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar, öğrenme alanları ve kazanımları eğitim felsefeleri açısından incelenmiştir. Bu araştırma, doküman incelemesine dayalı nitel bir çalışmadır. Veri kaynağı olarak Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından hazırlanan 2023 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın güvenirliği için araştırmacı üçgenlemesi tekniğine başvurulmuştur. Verilerin analizi ilk önce araştırmanın üç yazarı tarafından ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Bu analiz sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler üç yazar tarafından birlikte incelenerek bulgulara son hali verilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, 2023 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın büyük oranda ilerlemeci eğitim felsefesine dayandığını ancak diğer felsefelerden de etkiler taşıdığını göstermiştir.https://doi.org/10.18009/jcer.167897