Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration (BMRE)
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BENTHIC FORAMINIFERAL FAUNA OF MALATYA OLIGO-MIOCENE BASIN, (EASTERN TAURIDS, EASTERN TURKEY)
No full textIn this study, systematic description of 28 benthic foraminiferal taxa were carried out which had been detected in Oligo-Miocene aged Muratl› and Petekkaya formations cropping out over wide areas around Akçada¤ town, west of Malatya province in Eastern Taurids. Miogypsina globulina which is a cosmopolite species located in Burdigalian aged shallow marine carbonates is described on wide geographical areas ranging from Central America to Indo-Pacific and Mediterranean Tethys. Miogypsina polymorpha on the other hand was reported only from Indo-Pacific in stratigraphical records until today. Considering the association of these species, the assumption of a probable marine connection mentioned between Indo-Pacific and Mediterranean Tethys in Burdigalian period in the region was strongly supported. Also considering the presence of marker planktonic foraminiferal species Globoquadrina dehiscens and Sphenolithus delphix from nannoplanktons which are described in marls between Chattian and Burdigalian units it was determined that these marls most probably indicated Aquitanian age
NEOTECTONIC-PERIOD CHARACTERISTICS, SEISMICITY, GEOMETRY AND SEGMENTATION OF THE TUZ GÖLÜ FAULT ZONE
No full textThe Tuz Gölü Fault Zone (TGFZ) is one of the most important active intra-continental fault zones in central Anatolia. The TGFZ with nearly 200 km in length and 2-25 km in width is a NW trending, active normal fault zone with minor right-lateral strike-slip component. It extends between the north of Lake Tuz at NW and at Kemerhisar (Ni¤de) SE. This zone is a transition zone that separates the Central Anatolian Neotectonic Region into two-sub neotectonic regions, namely Kayseri-Sivas and Konya-Eskiflehir neotectonic regions. In this study, Neotectonicperiod characteristics, seismicity, geometry and segmentation of TGFZ are investigated. TGFZ is composed of a total of eleven parallel or sub-parallel geometric fault segments with length ranging from 9 to 30 km. In calculations based on empirical equations proposed for normal faults, TGFZ segments are found to generate earthquakes with maximum magnitudes of M=6.11-6.80 and during these earthquakes vertical displacements will be 0.34-1.41 m at maximum with average of 0.25-0.68 m. Fault kinematic analysis studies conducted on TGFZ showed that a NE-SW trending extensional tectonic regime is effective in the region. According to structural observations, stratigraphic relations and age data, neotectonic period for TGFZ started early Pliocene. TGFZ is a structure of NE-SW trending extensional tectonic regime that was activated by the early Pliocene. This structure borders the recent Tuz Gölü Plio-Quaternary basin to the east. By the early Pliocene, total normal slip is found 200-268 m. Based on geologic age and slip amount, average annual slip-rate on TGFZ is 0.046 mm
TWO EXAMPLES FOR IMAGING BURIED GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES: SINKHOLE STRUCTURE AND SEYİT HACI FAULT, KARAPINAR, KONYA
No full textGEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LATERITES: THE AILIBALTALU DEPOSIT, IRAN
No full textAlibaltalu laterite deposit is located ~20 km northeast of Shahindezh, south of West-Azarbaidjan province (NW of Iran). This deposit is developed as stratiform lenses along the boundary of Elika dolomites (Triassic) and Shemshak sandstones (Jurassic). The distribution fashion of minerals such as boehmite, diaspore, kaolinite, muscovite-illite, rutile, anatase, hematite and goethite in this deposit was accompanied by the development of four types of ore facies: (1) ferrite; (2) laterite; (3) bauxitic kaolinite; and (4) kaolinitic bauxite. Petrographically, the ores show conglomeratic, rounded-granular, veinlet, colloform, pelitomorphic, pseudo-porphyritic, nodular, and spongy textures. Comparison of distribution pattern of elements along a selective profile across the deposit reveals that ferrugenization-deferrugenization mechanism played a prominent role in distribution of Al, Si, Ti, HFSE, LREEs, HREEs, U, and Th during weathering processes. Distribution pattern of REEs normalized to chondrite indicates a poor differentiation of LREEs from HREEs and generation of poor negative Eu anomaly during the evolution of this deposit. These aspects along with ratios of Al2O3/TiO2 and intense differentiation of Al from Fe in the course of weathering processes may indicate a mafic protolith for the deposit. Geochemical consideration of low-mobile elements demonstrates that this deposit is likely resulted from alteration and weathering of basaltic to andesitic rocks. By regarding to the distribution mode of elements such as Ni, Cr, Zr, and Ga within the ores, it can be deduced that this deposit was initially formed authigenically and then later was contaminated by other rock materials during erosion and transportation from its original place to the present site
TRACE/HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION IN SOIL AND IN THE SHOOTS OF ACACIA TREE, GÜMÜfiHANE-TURKEY
No full textIn this study, heavy metal/trace element accumulation was investigated in soils along the road passing through Gümüshane city center and shoots of 1-2 years of acacia trees (Robiniapseudoacacia L.) grown in these soils. Heavy metal contents in soils and plants were analyzed by Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) parameters, and by Bio Accumulation Factor (BAF), respectively. According to geo-accumulation index (Igeo) data, it is seen that the soil was unpolluted in terms of Cr, Co, Cu, Rb, Sr; unpolluted to moderately polluted in terms of V, Ni and Zn; moderate to excessively polluted in terms of As, and moderate to excessively polluted in terms of Pb. According to EF parameters, on the other hand, it is observed that the soil was non to slightly enriched in terms of Cr, Co, Sr and Ba; non to moderately enriched in terms of Ni and Cu; slightly to significantly enriched in terms of Zn; significant to very highly enriched in terms of As and slightly to over excessively enriched in terms of Pb. Although trace/heavy metal contents of acacia shoots were usually within normal values for acacia, it was determined that Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Sr and Zn concentrations were within and/or above upper limits of normal values in certain sampling points
GEOPHYSICAL ANALYSIS AND MODELLING OF THE S‹MAV BASIN, WESTERN ANATOLIA
No full textThe various data processing techniques, to illuminate the parameters of the geological structure which are applied in gravity and magnetic potential field methods. Also edge detection procedures are in data processing techniques. In this study, 2D, 3D, inversion and asta technique is one of the new edge detection procedures were applied to clarify correlation between the Simav half graben’s deep position and geometry of the tectonic lineaments. The Asta is obtained using the tilt angle
FIRST DETERMINATION OF RUDISTS (BIVALVIA) FROM NE IRAQ: SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY AND PALAEOBIOGEOGRAPHY
No full textThe Maastrichtian Aqra Formation around Mawat-Chwarta (Sulaimaniya city) in NE Iraq consists mainly of coarse grained detrital limestone, locally containing terrigenous clastics, and is characterized by abundant rudists in life position. The rudist biostromes are very common in the formation and benthic foraminifers, gastropods and non-rudist bivalves with scarcer echinoderms and solitary corals are associated with the rudists. This first determination of rudists from NE Iraq recognizes the following species, Dictyoptychus aff. morgani, Sauvagesia somalica, Hippurites cornucopiae, Praeradiolites subtoucasi and Lapeirousia jouanneti, as well as some indeterminable radiolitid sections. This rudist fauna is assigned to the Hippurites cornucopiae interval zone indicating a mid to Late Maastrichtian age. Dictyoptychus is an endemic rudist genus for the Arabian Plate, to which Sauvagesia somalica also seems to be limited. Other determined species are recorded mostly from the central-eastern Mediterranean Tethys, and to a lesser extend from the Arabian Plate. The determination of rudists from NE Iraq fills an important gap in terms of the taxonomic database and palaeobiogeography. The data on the rudist fauna reveals the existence of a shallow marine dispersal route for rudist larvae during the Maastrichtian along the area of the present Zagros fold-thrust belt from SE Turkey across NE Iraq towards SW Iran
